The role of selected risk factors for development of oesophageal cancer

Open Medicine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Helena Kollárová ◽  
Kateřina Azeem ◽  
Silvie Magnusková ◽  
Hana Tomášková ◽  
Jarmila Ševčíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
The University

AbstractA hospital-based analytical observational case-control study of 88 oesophageal cancer cases and 200 controls was conducted in the University Hospital Olomouc. A standardized questionnaire was used. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) are calculated by logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratios for tobacco smoking were 6.20 (95% CI 2.78–13.83), 10.64 (95% CI 3.46–32.72) and 3.53 (95% CI 1.26–9.88) for oesophageal cancer, for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, respectively. An inverse association with overweight and obesity was found in both histological types. In adenocarcinoma, there was a relatively strong positive association with a statistically significant result for alcohol consumption only in a group consuming more than 300 g of alcohol weekly; the OR was 5.81 (95% CI 1.17–28.84). The strong, statistically significant association was found in alcohol consumption regardless of histological type: the OR was 4.41 (95% CI 1.09–17.84). In a group with 20 or more X-ray exposures, there was a very strong statistically significant positive association. In vegetable consumption, an inverse association was found that was statistically significant only if more than 8 portions of vegetables were eaten weekly, ORs were 0.02–0.11.

scholarly journals Influencing Factors of Stock Price in Nepal

NCC Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Krishna Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association

This paper explores the influencing factors of stock price in Nepal (with reference to Nepalese commercial banks) listed on the Nepal Stock Exchange Ltd. over the period of 2008 to 2018AD. The information were collected from questionnaire and financial statement of concerned organizations and analyzed using simple linear regression model. The conclusions of the work revealed that earning per share (EPS), dividend per share (DPS), effective rules and regulations, market whims and rumors, company profiles and success depend upon luck have the significant positive association with share price while interest rate (IR) and price to earnings ratio (PER), showed the significant inverse association with share price. Further, accessibility of liquidity, fundamental and technical analysis stimulates the performance of the Nepalese stock market. More importantly, stock market has been found to respond significantly to changes in dividend and interest rate.

scholarly journals Determinants of Share Price of Nepalese Commercial Banks

2016 ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuga Raj Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dividend Yield ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Price Earnings Ratio ◽  
Economic Journal

This study examines the determinants of share price of commercial banks listed on the Nepal Stock Exchange Limited over the period of 2006 to 2014. Data were sourced from the annual reports of the sampled banks and analyzed using regression model. The results revealed that earning per share and price- earnings ratios have the significant positive association with share price while dividend yield showed the significant inverse association with share price. The major conclusion of the study is that dividend yield, earning per share and price-earnings ratio are the most influencing factors in determining share price in Nepalese commercial banks. Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol. 17 & 18 No. 1-2 (2014) Combined Issue,Page: 187-198

scholarly journals Obesity in Pregnancy – Implications on Pregnancy Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 1157-1161
Author(s):  
Lilia Koleva ◽  
Victoria Spasova ◽  
Marieta Popova ◽  
Valentina Petkova ◽  
Milen Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
The University ◽  
Maternal Overweight

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are serious health problems in most developed countries. The percentage of young women with excessive weight who get pregnant continues to grow every year. This raises a concern about the risks of the mother and the baby during pregnancy and after birth. AIM: This study aims to determine health risk for overweight mothers and especially the risk for preterm birth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective and retrospective study taking place in the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital “Maichin Dom”. Our study included 105 pregnant women with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 as a case group and 91 pregnant women with BMI within normal limits as a control group. RESULTS: Mean BMI in the case group was 34.79 ± 3.71 kg/m2 and 20.20 ± 2.24 kg/m2 in the control group. Among 105 women in the case group, we registered 24.8% (n = 26) who gave birth before term. Preterm births among 91 women in the control group were registered in 17.6% (n = 16) patients. We found a significant correlation between increased BMI and the risk of increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, we found comorbidities in 43.8% of cases and 24.2% of controls. CONCLUSION: Maternal overweight and obesity during pregnancy are associated with increased risks of preterm delivery and complications of pregnancy. Extra efforts should be made to help women lose weight before this important period of life.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity risk factors among adolescents in Tirupati schools and junior colleges

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4507
Author(s):  
Anand Krishna Gorantla ◽  
Chandrasekhar Bineni
Keyword(s):  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Junior Colleges ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
History Of Obesity ◽  
Type Of Institution

Background: Obesity increases the risk of several chronic conditions including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, back pain and some cancers. The present study was conducted to study the prevalence of obesity and overweight in adolescent population. Methods: A total of 1258 students (males-644; females-614) with an age group 10-19 years were selected from the higher secondary schools and junior colleges in the urban area of Tirupati. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity is found to be significantly higher in adolescents of private institutions than those from government institutions. Higher prevalence of overweight/obesity is found in school going adolescents 13.8% compared to college adolescents 6.7%. The variables like type of institution, residence, family history of obesity showed a significant positive association with overweight/obesity. Conclusions: The present study recommended that the private institutions should encourage healthy life style practices among students to prevent the risk of overweight/obesity from emergence.  

Abstract P078: Re-evaluation of Prognostic Values of Clockwise and Counterclockwise Rotation for Total and Cardiovascular Mortality in a Different Cohort (20 Year Follow-up of NIPPON DATA90)

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Nakamura ◽  
Tomonori Okamura ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Takashi Hisamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Model ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Clockwise Rotation ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: We previously reported that electrocardiographic (ECG) clockwise rotation (CWR) was positively and counter-clockwise rotation (CCWR) was inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Japanese using 24 Year Follow-up of NIPPON DATA80. Re-evaluation of the prognostic values of CWR and CCWR in a different cohort is needed. Methods: We studied prognostic values of CWR and CCWR on total and CVD mortality using the NIPPON DATA90 database with a 20-year follow-up. At the baseline in 1990, data were collected on study participants, ages 30 years and over, from randomly selected areas in Japan. We followed 8,262 participants without major ECG abnormalities, or history of stroke or myocardial infarction (41.8% men, mean age 53.0 y) for 20 years. Analysis was made in men and women combined. Results: Among participants, 49.9% were in the normal rotation group, 7.2% in CWR group, and 42.9% in CCWR group. During the 20 year follow-up, there were 1,997 total, and 605 CVD mortality. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) using the Cox model including age, sex, BMI, alcohol and smoking status, hypertension, diabetes and other ECG variables revealed that CWR was significantly positively associated with total mortality (HR=1.19, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.02-1.39, P=0.032), but not with CVD mortality (HR=0.99 [0.68-1.33], P=0.95). CCWR was significantly inversely associated with CVD (HR=0.81 [0.68-0.96], P=0.016), and total mortality (HR=0.91 [0.83-0.997], P=0.043). Conclusions: We have reconfirmed a significant positive association of CWR in total mortality, and a significant inverse association of CCWR with CVD and total mortality in men and women combined, independent of confounding factors including other ECG changes.

Abstract P362: Significant Positive Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Advanced Aortic Calcification in an International Multiethnic Cohort of 1335 Men Aged 40-49 Years: The ERA JUMP Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Mahajan ◽  
Jingchuon Guo ◽  
Siyi Shangguan ◽  
Bradley Willcox ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Aortic Calcification ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heavy Drinkers

Introduction: Aortic calcification (AC) is a less widely used measure of atherosclerosis, has been linked to cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. A J-shaped association of alcohol consumption with CHD has been consistently reported in epidemiological studies. However, scanty literature is available describing the association of alcohol consumption and AC. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that alcohol consumption has a J-shaped association with advanced AC. Method: ERA JUMP is a population-based study of subclinical atherosclerosis in 1335 men aged 40-49 years without CVD (310 European American, 107 African American, 303 Japanese American, 313 Japanese in Japan and 308 Korean in South Korea). Participants were examined for AC, alcohol consumption, CV risk and other factors in 2002-07 with rigorous standardization. AC was assessed by electron-beam CT and quantified using the Agatston method. Advanced AC was defined as Agatston calcium score ≥300. Alcohol consumption was categorized into four groups: 0 (non-drinkers), <1 (light drinkers), > 1 to < 3 (moderate drinkers) and >3 drinks per day (heavy drinkers) (1 drink=12.5 grams of ethanol). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between AC with alcohol consumption adjusting for age, race, CV risk and other factors. Results: Among 1299 studied participants, after excluding participants with missing values for AC (n=36), 70.3% (913 of 1299) were current drinkers and 10.9% (142 of 1299) had advanced AC. Prevalence of advanced AC among non, light, moderate, and heavy drinkers was 7.25% (28 of 386), 10.89% (43 of 395), 9.06% (28 of 309), and 20.57% (43 of 209) respectively. Alcohol consumption had a positive association with advanced AC with a significant cubic trend (p<0.01). There was no significant interaction on advanced AC between race and alcohol consumption. Conclusion: A significant positive association between alcohol consumption and advanced AC was observed in this cross-sectional study of an international multi-ethnic cohort.

Relationships between Beer, Wine, and Spirits Consumption and Suicide Rates in U.S. States from 1977 to 1988

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiepu Liu ◽  
John W. Waterbor ◽  
Seng-Jaw Soong
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Total Alcohol

Relationships between alcohol consumption and suicide rates were examined through an ecological study. Data on total apparent per capita alcohol consumption, as well as beer, wine, and spirits consumption, from 1977 to 1988 in each of the fifty U.S. states and District of Columbia were compared with suicide rates. It was found that total alcohol consumption was weakly but significantly related to suicide rate by univariate analysis ( r = 0.16, p < 0.01). Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.30, 0.12, and −0.01 for correlation of suicide rate with beer, wine, and spirits consumption, respectively. Over the twelve years, the magnitude of associations between total alcohol consumption and suicide varied with correlation coefficients of 0.29, 0.23, 0.09, and 0.11 for four three-year periods, 1977–79, 1980–82, 1983–85, and 1986–88, respectively. The association between beer consumption and suicide persisted over the whole period with correlation coefficients of 0.35, 0.31, 0.26, and 0.30, while that between wine and suicide did not. Associations were also examined by quartile of each alcohol's consumption. Significant inverse association was found for beer as well as total consumptions at the lowest quartile. However, at the highest quartile, beer and spirits consumption showed positive association with suicide. These data suggest a “U-shaped” curve relating suicide rate to alcohol consumption. By using 1980 census data with adjustment for confounding effects of socioeconomic factors, total alcoholconsumption was found to be positively associated with suicide especially at high consumption level. At low level consumption, beer showed an inverse association with suicide after controlling for confounding effects.

scholarly journals Antineoplastic Drugs: Occupational Exposure and Side Effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristīne Ivanova ◽  
Marija Avota
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Antineoplastic Drugs ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Acute Side Effect

Abstract Due to their adverse effects, antineoplastic drugs (cancer chemotherapy drugs) are considered as a potential health risk for nurses and nursing assistants. The aim of this study was to review and summarise information about acute side effects of antineoplastic drugs in two major cancer centres in Latvia. In total 51 nurses and nursing assistants participated in the study, all working in chemotherapy ward at least for 12 months. The research was conducted in Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital and Rīga East University Hospital, Oncology Centre of Latvia. 56.86% of respondents reported at least one side effect since working in the department of chemotherapy (DC). Headache was the most common acute side effect (37.25%), followed by irritation of eyes (25.49%) and irritation of skin (19. 60%). Headache (p = 0.021), dizziness (p = 0.018), irritation of mouth and throat (p = 0.043), and irritation of eyes (p = 0.004) had statistically significant positive association with years of working in DC, suggesting that those working for longer time in DC are more likely to have headache, dizziness, irritation of mouth, throat and eyes.

The changing face of risk factors for non-communicable disease in Myanmar: findings from the 2009 and 2014 WHO STEP Surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-756
Author(s):  
Shekhar Grover ◽  
Dhirendra N Sinha ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Prakash C Gupta ◽  
Ravi Mehrotra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Who Steps ◽  
Health Objectives ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Abstract Background Myanmar is burdened with the dual problem of communicable and non-communicable diseases (NCD), and is constantly endeavoring to attain its health objectives with limited resources. This study compares the results for the 2009 and 2014 WHO STEPs surveys (the ‘stepwise’ approach to adult risk factor surveillance) in Myanmar to determine the change in NCD risk factors over time. Methodology The proportion of individuals with major NCD risk factors such as current tobacco and alcohol consumption, &lt;5 fruit/vegetable servings, physical activity, raised blood pressure (BP) and overweight and obesity from the year 2009 (n = 6414) and year 2014 (n = 8757) WHO STEP surveys were compared for the age group 25–64 and relative changes (RC) calculated. Results Tobacco and alcohol consumption has increased significantly (25 and 49% RC, respectively) over the years. Individuals with low fruit/vegetable consumption (&lt;5 servings) have declined (4.3% RC) and physical activity has increased significantly (46.5% RC). The prevalence of overweight, obese and hypertensive individuals has reduced significantly during this period with a RC reduction of 18, 28 and 20%, respectively. Conclusion Reductions in some NCD risk factors are encouraging but control of tobacco use and alcohol consumption requires more stringent policies in order to prevent NCDs in the future.

Alcohol Consumption in Victims of Violence: A Trend Study for the Period 1970–1998

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Kingma
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Significant Linear Trend ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
The University

This 29-yr. retrospective study is about alcohol consumption by victims of violence intentionally injured ( N = 13,048) and general patients unintentionally injured ( N = 296,544) who were treated for their injuries at the Trauma Center of the University Hospital Groningen (The Netherlands) during the period 1970–1998 The incidence rate for general patients with alcohol consumption was statistically significantly greater than the incidence rate of victims of violence with alcohol consumption. A long-term significant linear trend was observed for both types of patients during the 29-yr. period. However, the increase in incidence rate among the general patients with alcohol consumption was four times greater than the increase in incidence rate for the victims of violence with alcohol consumption. Makes predominated in both types of patients (with and without alcohol consumption). The statistically significant highest incidence rates (and male predominance) were found in the age group 20–24 years for both categories of patients.

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