scholarly journals Public Perceptions of Population Changes in Hungary

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Kulcsár ◽  
David Brown
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Representative National Sample

Public Perceptions of Population Changes in HungaryThis study examines the public perceptions of population dynamics in Hungary. Based on a representative national sample survey from 2005, we discuss how the general public perceives demographic trends and attitudes people have towards the possible reasons behind these trends and solutions they believe are appropriate to contend with the trends. Rural populations were expected to have poorer knowledge of current population trends and changes and more conservative attitudes toward controversial demographic issues, but this expectation was not supported by the data. Since relatively little research has been conducted on population literacy, this study contributes to a better understanding of how public perceptions on population are formed and how this knowledge and attitudes may affect public policy addressing demographic trends.

scholarly journals From Claiming Credit to Avoiding Blame: The Evolution of Congressional Strategy for Asbestos Management

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Twight
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Information Costs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Congressional Behavior ◽  
The Us ◽  
Blame Avoidance ◽  
Credit Claiming

ABSTRACTThis paper develops a theory synthesizing credit-claiming and blameavoidance explanations of congressional behavior and evaluates it against asbestos policy in the United States from the 1920s through the 1980s. Public policy is viewed as shaped by officeholders' ability to achieve political ends through augmenting information costs and other transaction costs facing the public. Public perceptions are seen both as the endogenous product of congressional information-cost manipulation and as an exogenous constraint that changes in identifiable ways over time. Different policy stances - open credit claiming, concealed credit claiming, early-stage blame avoidance, and full-scale blame avoidance – are predicted to emerge in response to specified conditions, yielding implications about the expected timing of public policy changes. Specific types of transaction-cost manipulation are predicted to accompany the identified policy stances. The US asbestos policy experience is shown to be consistent with the predictions of the model.

Response Options and the Measurement of Political Knowledge

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
John G. Bullock ◽  
Kelly Rader
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Response Options ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Measurement ◽  
Knowledge Levels ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Question Form ◽  
Representative National Sample

Abstract By many measures, the public knows little about politics. But just how little people seem to know depends on the questions that are put to them. In particular, knowledge levels seem higher when people are asked closed- rather than open-ended questions. In turn, differences between estimated knowledge levels are sometimes attributed to fundamental differences between these types of questions. Building on this previous research, the present study uses a pre-registered experiment conducted with a representative national sample to shed new light on the relationship between question form and knowledge measurement. The authors find that inferences about political knowledge depend less on fundamental differences between open- and closed-ended questions than on two little-appreciated aspects of survey design: the number and difficulty of the response options that accompany closed-ended questions. These aspects of survey design have large effects. Scholars who use the same questions with different response options may reach substantively different conclusions about the public's levels of knowledge.

Inequality of Opportunity in India: Concepts, Measurement and Empirics

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-247
Author(s):  
Sripad Motiram
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Inequality Of Opportunity ◽  
National Sample Survey ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Nationally Representative

In recent times, inequality of opportunity has seen increasing interest among economists and public policy advocates. In this article, I present a critical survey of the idea of inequality of opportunity, including the philosophical ideas that underpin it and the issues and problems that arise in its conceptualization and implementation. I then discuss the operationalization of this idea in the Indian context using two publicly available, nationally representative, secondary statistical databases, namely, National Sample Survey (NSS) and India Human Development Survey (IHDS). Evidence based upon these sources of data suggests considerable inequality of opportunity in India. However, due to limitations of data, there are gaps in our knowledge. I make some suggestions to address these concerns.

a collateral attack is to win in the civil case, proving negligence against the criminal trial lawyer and, thus, by implication, show that the conviction in the criminal case was unfair. Findings Held: the House of Lords held (Lord Hope, Lord Hutton and Lord Hobhouse dissenting in part) that, in the light of modern conditions, it was now clear that it was no longer in the public interest in the administration of justice that advocates should have immunity from suit for negligence for acts concerned with the conduct of either civil or criminal litigation. Lord Hoffmann (with Lord Steyn, Lord Browne-Wilkinson and Lord Millett delivering concurring opinions) said that over 30 years had passed since the House had last considered the rationale for the immunity of the advocate from suit, in Randel v Worsley [1969] 1 AC 191. Public policy was not immutable and there had been great changes in the law of negligence, the functioning of the legal profession, the administration of justice and public perceptions. It was once again time to re-examine the whole matter. Interestingly, Lord Hoffmann chose to formulate his opinion in a creative mode to reflect public policy rather than in the tradition of what can be seen as slavish obedience to the details of precedent: if

2012 ◽  
pp. 503-503
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civil Case ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
Trial Lawyer

Post-Vietnam Syndrome: Psychiatry, Anti-War Politics, and the Reconstitution of the Vietnam Veteran

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-219
Author(s):  
Lenny Grant
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Rhetorical Ecology ◽  
Vietnam Syndrome ◽  
Source Materials

Using primary source materials from medical, government, and journalism archives, this study of public medical discourse reveals the role of argumentation in posi­tively shaping public perceptions of traumatized soldiers and locates the contem­porary origins of the trope of “soldier as psychological victim of war”—a perception that continues to inform public policy and medical research. Using Jasinski’s (1998) concepts of interior and exterior constitutive potential to analyze the public writ­ings, interviews, and Congressional testimony of VVAW-affiliated psychiatrists, the study finds that the radical psychiatrists’ interior (directed at veterans) and exte­rior (directed at public and medical institutions) rhetorics were (and arguably remain) mutually effective in creating an identity for veterans to occupy that exculpated them from their involvement in war, while allowing them to garner benefits for their ser­vice. The article concludes with two examples of the “veteran as psychological vic­tim of war” trope as it shapes the contemporary rhetorical ecology of former servicemembers.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Image-Based Sexual Abuse Among the American Public

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Call
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Parental Status ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Image Based Sexual Abuse

Image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) involves the sharing or distribution of erotic material without the consent of the subject in the material. A common scenario of IBSA revolves around an individual sharing erotic material of their former intimate partner following the dissolution of the relationship in order to humiliate or harass that former partner for a perceived wrongdoing. This scenario has caused IBSA to be referred to as “revenge porn” in the past, but that phrase does not capture the full breadth of IBSA behaviors and motivations. IBSA is a relatively new phenomenon, having emerged in the last decade, and few studies have examined public perceptions of the activity. In the present study, the attitudes of a national sample (_n_ = 1,023) of Americans were examined on IBSA-related issues. Results of this study showed that the general public largely disapproves of IBSA and supports its criminalization; however, the public also attributes blame to the victims of IBSA. Several factors influence these perceptions including sex, race, age, parental status, political orientation, and sexting history.

Food Security and the Public Distribution System

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-203
Author(s):  
Jean Drèze
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
National Sample ◽  
North India ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Distribution System ◽  
System P

This chapter discusses India's National Food Security Act (NFSA), with a special focus on the public distribution system (PDS). The PDS had a very poor record until recently, but is now improving significantly in many states. In north India, Chhattisgarh took the lead by initiating a series of PDS reforms in the mid‐2000s, with impressive results. Similar reforms were initiated later on in many other states. Even the reformed PDS is far from perfect, but it does protect millions of rural households from hunger and food insecurity. Recent evidence from the National Sample Survey also suggests that the PDS has a substantial impact on poverty. The NFSA is an opportunity to extend PDS reforms across the country and put the PDS on a new footing.

Determinants of rural sanitation in India and implications for public policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indranil De
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Household Head ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Low Income Country ◽  
Sample Survey Data ◽  
Access To Water

Abstract This article attempts to find the economic and non-economic factors determining sanitation coverage in a low income country like India. Based on National Sample Survey data of India, the analysis finds that income has a low impact, while non-economic factors have an equal or higher impact on access to and use of latrines. The number of household members has a negative impact on both access to and use of latrines. Access to and use of latrines depends on gender, age, and education of the household head. Both access and use also depend on the main occupation, religion, and caste of households. Access to water supply and dwelling materials also impacts access to and use of latrines. Households headed by younger people or those living in hired houses are more likely to access public or common latrines. Access to sanitation also depends on the region and hence the norms and customs of the region. Contrary to expectations, a lesser proportion of households have access to latrines if they own a house versus those who reside in hired dwellings. Quality, cleanliness of latrines and other personal preferences matter in the use of latrines. Public and community toilets for youths, more than one latrine for larger households, and social campaigning are suggested for public policy.

Implementation of the Child Identity Card Policy in Bandung Regency

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodlial Ramdhan Tackbir Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Implementation Model ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
Identity Card ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Identity Cards

Previously, Indonesia only issued Identity Cards for citizens who had reached the age of 17 years. However, after the presence of a new policy from the Interior Ministry of the Republic of Indonesia contained in the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 2 concerning Child Identity Cards, now Indonesian citizens who are less than 17 years old can have an identity card in the form of a Child Identity Card. The main problem in this research are the limitations of blanks and need additional personnel to improve services, especially in the context of issuing child Identity Cards. Besides, the realization of the issuance of child identity cards still far from the target and socialization to the public has not been conveyed in its entirety.. This study aims to examine how the implementation of Child Identity card in Bandung Regency. The research method used is qualitative with descriptive approach. This research is presented by using a narrative that discusses the implementation of child identity card policies in Bandung Regency. The focus of this research emphasizes the implementation model of Edward III covering communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The result of the research shows that implementation of Child Identity card in Bandung Regency has run optimally.Keywords : Public Policy; Policy Implementation; Identity CardAfandi, Warjio.2015. Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Asahan Nomor 11 Tahun 2011 tentang Pajak Daerah dalam Pencapaian Target Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan. Jurnal Administrasi Publik.Vol. 6, Nomor 2Afrizal. 2017. Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Pembuatan Kartu Identitas Anak di Kota Bandar Lampung. Universitas LampungAryanti. 2014. Implementasi Kebijakan Kependudukan Di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi (Studi Kasus Pengurusan Akta Kelahiran Tahun 2012). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa FISIP. Vol. 1, Nomor 2, Halaman 2.Dwitamara. 2013. Pengaturan dan Implementasi Mengenai Hak Anak. Jurnal Hukum. Vol.18, Nomor 2, Halaman 1.Edwards III. 1980. Implementing Publik Policy. Congresinal. Quartely pressErdani, Indarja, Harjanto. 2017. Pelaksanaan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 2 Tahun 2016 Tentang Kartu Identitas Anak di Kota Semarang. Diponegoro Law Journal. Vol.6, Nomor 2, Halaman 2.  Hafrida. 2016. Perlindungan Hukum Anak. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Ragam Jurnal. Vol. 7 Nomor 2, Halaman 1Monica, Noak, Winaya. 2015. Implementasi Kebijakan Kartu Tanda Penduduk Elektronik (E-Ktp) Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Denpasar Utara Provinsi Bali. Citizen charter journal. Vol.1 Nomor 2, Halaman 3.Muh. 2018. Respon Orang Tua Terhadap Kartu Identitas Anak. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga YogyakartaMustafa, Syahbandir. 2016. Penggunaan Diskresi oleh Pejabat Pemerintah untuk Kelancaran Penyelenggaraanpemerintahan Daerah. Jurnal Magister Ilmu Hukum, 4(2)Nugroho. 2009. Public Policy : Dinamika kebijakan, Analisis Kebijakan, Manajemen Kebijakan. Jakarta. GramediaPradika. 2018. Implementasi Kebijakan Kartu Identitas Anak (Kia) di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Yogyakarta. Sekolah Tinggi Pembangunan Masyarakat Desa YogyakartaRahmawati. 2018. Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Program Kartu Identitas Anak (KIA) Di Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kota Cilegon 2017. Universitas Sultan Ageng TirtayasaRamdhani, Ramdhani. 2017. Konsep Umum Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Publik. Jurnal Publik. Vol 11, Nomor 1, Halaman 10Subarsono. 2005. Analisis Kebijakan Publik. Yogyakarta. Pustaka pelajarSubarsono. 2013. Analisis Kebijakan Publik. Yogyakarta. Pustaka pelajarSudrajat. 2011. Perlindungan Hukum Anak Sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum. Vol. 13, Nomor 2, Halaman 1 Suryono. 2014. Kebijakan Publik untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat. Jurnal Ilmu Ilmiah. Vol.6, Nomor 2, Halaman 98Tangkilisan. 2003.Implementasi kebijakan publik : transformasi pikiran George Edward. Yogyakarta. Lukman Offset dan yayasan pembaruan administrasi publik indonesia.Wahab.2010. Pengantar Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Negara. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.Wardhani, Hasiolan, Minarsih. 2016. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Komunikasi, dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. Journal of Management.Vol.2, Nomor 2Widodo. 2011. Analisis Kebijakan Publik: Konsep dan Aplikasi Analisis Proses Kebijakan Publik. Malang. Bayu MediaWinarno. 2007. Teori dan Proses Kebijakan Publik. Yogyakarta. Media PressindoWiranata. 2013.Perlindungan Hukum Anak. Jurnal Hukum Unsrat  Vol.1, Nomor 3, Halaman 5. Peraturan Perundang-undanganUndang-undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi KependudukanPeraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia nomor 2 Tahun 2016 tentang Kartu Identitas Anak.

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