scholarly journals Karakter Seleksi Fase Vegetatif Jagung terhadap Hasil pada Cekaman Genangan Air

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Uswah Trywulan Syah ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno ◽  
Dan Muhammad Azrai
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Maize Genotypes

Maize is an important crop in Indonesia that is utilized for food, feed, and industry. Waterlogging is one of the abioticstresses challenging maize production in recent years due to climate changes. Vegetative-phase screening methods may benefitplant breeding programs because potential genotypes can be identified at earlier stage with lower cost. This study consistedof two experiments. The first experiment was carried out at the Sawah Baru experimental station of Bogor AgriculturalUniversity (IPB), Bogor, from June to September 2017 using an alpha lattice design with three replications and four blockswithin each replication. The second experiment conducted in a greenhouse at Cikabayan experimental station of IPB, Bogor,from December 2017 to January 2018 using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Genetic materialused were 21 maize genotypes from the Indonesia Cereal Research Institute (ICERI) and IPB, including 19 hybrids and 2inbred lines. The results showed that the dry root weight under normal conditions had significant positive correlation withgrain yield under waterlogging stress, and therefore is potential for early screening. Adaptive genotypes in waterloggingstress selected based on dry root weight are DKLx30, DKLx11, MGoldx37, MGOldx41, and IPB L15-1xMR14. Predictedmean yield across these genotypes was 0.57 ton ha-1 higher yield than the overall mean in waterlogging stress condition.Selected hybrids can be further evaluated for variety release.

scholarly journals THE AGRONOMIC CHARACTER AND POTENTIAL YIELD OF 17’S GENOTYPE OF MAIZE

Agrivet ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafri Yuranto ◽  
Basuki Basuki ◽  
Lagiman Lagiman
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Agronomic Character ◽  
Traditional Variety ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Maize Genotype ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of crops that source of carbohydrate than rice. The maize production needs to production goal. The problems is traditional variety haved low yield. This study aims to determine the agronomic character and potential yield of several hybrids maize.. The research method used was randomized completely block design was repeated 3 times. The treatment factor namely hybrid maize genotype. The data obtained were analyzed in theirs diversities by using variace at 5 % level, if there were significant difference, continued by using the least significant increase at 5% level to compared of variety tester. The results shows that hybrid maize genotypes, G2KPW-43, G2KPW-45, and G2KPW-48 haved superiorities in agronomic character and higher potential yield.Key words: genotypes, potential yield, maize

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of quality protein maize genotypes across various maize production agro ecologies of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Keshab B Koirala ◽  
Ram B. Katuwal ◽  
Narayan B Dhami ◽  
Bhanu B Pokhrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Superior Genotypes

To identify superior quality protein maize genotypes for grain yield under different agro climatic conditions of terai and hill districts in Nepal, the coordinated varietal trials (CVT) were conducted at Dailekh, Doti, Salyan, Lumle and Pakhribas in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Kabre in 2014 during summer season and coordinated farmer’s field trials (CFFT) at Surkhet and Dailekh in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Khumaltar in 2014 during summer season. The experiment was carried out using randomized complete block design with three replications for CVT and CFFT. Across the locations and years the superior genotypes found under CVT were S01SIYQ, S01SIWQ-2 and Poshilo Makai-1 where as S99TLYQ-HG-AB, S99TLYQ-B and Poshilo Makai-1 were found superior genotypes under CFFT. The superior genotypes derived from CFFT will be promoted further for similar environments across the country.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):21-27DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34282

scholarly journals Experimental alternatives for evaluation of progenies and clones in eucalyptus breeding programs

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Aparecida de Souza ◽  
Isaias Olívio Geraldi ◽  
Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho ◽  
Fernando de Lelis Garcia Bertolucci
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Selection Intensities

The feasibility of using augmented block designs and spatial analysis methods for early stage selection in eucalyptus breeding programs was tested. A total of 113 half-sib progenies of Eucalyptus urophylla and eight clones were evaluated in an 11 x 11 triple lattice experiment at two locations: Posto da Mata (Bahia, Brazil) and São Mateus (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Four checks were randomly allocated within each block. Plots consisted of 15 m long rows containing 6 plants spaced 3 m apart. The girth at breast height (cm/plant) was evaluated at 19 and 26 months of age. Variance analyses were performed according to the following methods: lattice design, randomized complete block design, augmented block design, Papadakis method, moving means method, and check plots. Comparisons among different methods were based on the magnitude of experimental errors and precision of the estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters. General results indicated that augmented block design is useful to evaluate progenies and clones in early selection in eucalyptus breeding programs using moderate and low selection intensities. However, this design is not suitable for estimating genetic and phenotypic parameters due to its low precision. Check plots, nearest neighbour, Papadakis (1937), and moving means methods were efficient in removing the heterogeneity within blocks. These efficiencies were compared to that in lattice analysis for estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters.

scholarly journals Response of morphological and biochemical traits of maize genotypes under waterlogging stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
Shamima Nasrin Asha ◽  
Naima Sultana ◽  
Lutful Hassan ◽  
Shirin Akhter ◽  
Arif Hasan Khan Robin
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Leaf Injury ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereal crops cultivated around the world. Waterlogging stress is a major production constraint of maize production in rain-fed agricultural systems. The main objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of continuous waterlogging on morphological and biochemical traits of maize genotypes at the vegetative stage. Ten maize genotypes were treated under no waterlogging (control) and continuous waterlogging of five centimeters depth for 10 days. The treatments were applied to the plants at their 45 days of age. Visual leaf injury scores from Leaf 4 (youngest leaf is the reference point) to Leaf 7 separated tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Waterlogging stress significantly reduced the total number of live leaves and chlorophyll content in leaf tissues in susceptible genotypes. The anatomical study revealed that tolerant maize genotypes produce a large number of aerenchyma cells under waterlogging stress compared to susceptible genotypes. The enzymatic activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD) exhibited a greater increase in tolerant genotypes than susceptible genotypes whereas the contents of reactive oxygen species (H2O2) greatly increased in susceptible genotypes than tolerant genotypes under waterlogging stress compared to control. Principal component 2 (PC2) indicated that increasing plant height in the genotypes BHM-14, BHM-13 and BHM-9 was associated with waterlogging tolerance. The findings of this experiment will add value to maize breeding to screen out maize genotypes for waterlogging stress tolerance.

Effect of Nitrogen Rates on the Forage Yield of Maize Genotypes under Superadhesion

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fernando JA Lins ◽  
Paulo V Ferreira ◽  
Moisés T da Silva ◽  
Rosa C Lira ◽  
Mayara C Assunção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Maize production is directly linked to the genetic potential of the variety and management practices, among them, sowing density and soil fertility. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of the application of nitrogen doses and its efficiency and use in maize genotypes grown under over - densification conditions, in the city of Rio Largo, Alagoas. The experiment was carried out from November 2015 to March 2016, and a randomized complete block design was used in the 3 x 4 factorial scheme (three maize genotypes: Branca, Viçosense and Nordestino, and four nitrogen doses: 80, 160, 240 and 320 kg ha-¹) with three replications, at seeding density of 167 thousand plants per hectare. The dry matter production of the forage and its qualitative characteristics were evaluated: dry matter, mineral matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose. Under the conditions of over-counting, it is concluded: (a) the corn genotypes Viçosense, Branca and Nordestino, for the productive and qualitative characteristics of the forage, presented similar and satisfactory behavior, except for the variable HC, where the genotype Branca stood out in relation to the others, presenting the highest levels of hemicelluloses, which gives it the highest concentrations of energy and digestibility of its forage; (b) the dose 80 kg ha-¹ of nitrogen was the most satisfactory for the productive and qualitative characteristics of maize fodder, since its effect was similar to increasing nitrogen dosages, in addition to providing a higher percentage of NDF.

scholarly journals Evaluation of improved cassava genotypes for yield and related traits for a better breeding strategy under different agroecologies in Nigeria

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Adetoro ◽  
O. O. Oworu ◽  
A. L. Nassir ◽  
A. Bello ◽  
E. Parkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pasting Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Fresh Root

AbstractThis study aimed at determining shoot and root characteristics of cassava as affected by root yield and the influence of soil moisture on vegetative growth and yield. Thirty cassava genotypes were evaluated for morphological and physiological characterization in three locations in Nigeria: Ibadan, Mokwa and Zaria. Randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Studies on the pasting properties of the genotypes were also carried out. Data were collected on plant height, stem girth, stay-green ability, garri and fresh root weight. Genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) across and within locations for shoot and root characteristics. Across locations, genotype 011663 had the highest plant height (132.4 cm); 30572 had the largest stem girth (8.6 cm); and 010040 was the best stay-green (2.2). Genotype 011086 had the highest number of roots per plot (95.7), 950289 had the highest fresh root yield (24.3 t/ha), and 990554 had the highest percentage of dry matter (35.2). Trends in root yields across locations were Ibadan (28.9 t/ha), Mokwa (20.3 t/ha), and Zaria (8 t/ha). Five genotypes IITA-TMS-IBA950289, 010034, 990554, 011807, and 980581 had negligible interactions with the environment and so have broad adaptation and are considered stable; and two clones 011807 and 950166 were found to be the best for pasting properties. Breeding strategies that consider root size, total root number, harvest index, dry matter, with applications for household foods and industrial uses, will be an effective and efficient way to select genotypes for high yield.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF FORAGE CACTUS VARIETIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIPE LIMA DE AMORIM ◽  
JANAINA AZEVEDO MARTUSCELLO ◽  
JOSÉ TEODORICO DE ARAÚJO FILHO ◽  
DANIEL DE NORONHA FIGUEIREDO VIEIRA DA CUNHA ◽  
LIANA JANK
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT: Cultivars of the genus Nopalea are known in Brazil for being tolerant to cochineal carmine attacks, thus making the cultivation of this genus a promising alternative for mitigating the negative effects of this insect on the production of biomass. With the objectives of characterizing morphologically spineless forage cactus varieties and identify morphological characteristics that may be the focus in spineless forage cactus breeding programs, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 11 treatments and four replications. The variety Alagoas showed the highest values of weight, area and volume of cladodes. The varieties Negro Michoacan F7 and V7, Tamazunchale V12 showed the highest values of the cladode area index, the total volume of cladodes and total fresh mass production. The varieties Negro Michoacan V7 and F7 presented the highest water use efficiency and dry mass yield. Cladode volume showed the highest correlation coefficients with the fresh weight of cladodes. Aiming the release of varieties for biomass production, varieties Negro Michoacan F7, V7 and Tamazunchale V12 may substitute the Miúda variety. The number and cladode area index may be used as criteria for selection of superior varieties in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Site-Specific Nutrient Management for Rainfed Maize in Western Mid-Hills of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Ghimire ◽  
Khem Raj Dahal ◽  
Santosh Marahatta ◽  
Krishna Devkota ◽  
Buddhi Raj Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Fertilization Practice ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
On Farm

 On-farm experiment was conducted in eight farmers’ field, of Khasyoli village development committee (952 to 1415 masl), Nepal, from April to September, 2011 to address the major constraint (nutrient management) to maize production through site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) as this approach is popular among scientists. The experiment comprised three nutrient omission plots (0N, 0P, and 0K), an ample NPK plot, and a farmers’ fertilization practice (FFP) plot, arranged in randomized complete block design. Farmers planted open pollinated variety (Manakamana-3) and managed in their way. Field-specific NPK application rates were calculated by considering nutrient demand, indigenous NPK supply and recovery efficiency of fertilizers. Grain yield in FFP (2.32 Mg/ha) and 0N (1.79 Mg/ha) plots differed significantly from each other and rest of the treatments, but was statistically similar among 0P (3.18 Mg/ha), 0K (3.40 Mg/ha) and ample NPK (3.38 Mg/ha) plots. Post-harvest grain and stover analysis revealed that indigenous NPK supply (20-71 kg N, 19-68 kg P2O5 and 51-164 kg K2O/ha) of soil vary among the farmers’ field. Moreover, soil was poor in indigenous N supply (42 kg/ha), but rich in indigenous P2O5 (35 kg/ha) and K2O (90 kg/ha) supply, on an average. As per the principles of SSNM, the initial fertilizer recommendation made can vary from 40-222 kg N, 0- 93 kg P2O5, and 0-50 kg K2O/ha. On an average, farmers may apply no or lower dose of P2O5 (18 kg/ha) and K2O (3 kg/ha) but need to significantly increase dose of N (143 kg/ha) fertilizer for enhancing soil and maize productivity.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 227-231 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12538   

scholarly journals Nitrogen Application and Leaf Harvesting Improves Yield and Nutritional Quality of Beetroot

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salfina S. Mampa ◽  
Martin M. Maboko ◽  
Puffy Soundy ◽  
Dharini Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
N Application ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Leaf Harvest

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris), commonly known as table beet, is used as a staple in the diet of many people through the consumption of the entire plant, leaf, and the root. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) application and leaf harvest percentage on the yield and quality of roots and leaves of beetroot. The treatment design was a randomized complete block design with five levels of N (0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg·ha−1) combined with three leaf harvest percentages (0, 30, and 50) and replicated three times. The first leaf harvest was initiated 35 days after transplanting (DAT) by removing the outer matured leaves and the second harvest occurred 80 DAT by removing all the leaves. The results showed increases in leaf and root yield with an increase in N application. Nitrogen application at 90 and 120 kg·ha−1 increased fresh leaf weight, leaf number, and fresh and dry root weight, including root diameter and length with the exception of leaf area which was significantly higher at 120 kg·ha−1 N. Magnesium and iron leaf content, and N root content were significantly improved by the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N. Leaf harvest percentage did not have a significant effect on leaf yield or leaf and root mineral content. However, dry root weight was significantly reduced by the 50% leaf harvest. Leaf harvest at 30% or 50% increased total protein content of the roots of beetroot, whereas an increase in N application decreased concentration of total proteins. Results demonstrate that leaf and root yield, as well as magnesium, zinc, and iron leaf content, increased with the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N, whereas 30% leaf harvest did not negatively affect root yield.

scholarly journals Aspectos nutricionais da variação genética em progênies de Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. sob diferentes condições de cultivo

FLORESTA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMONE APARECIDA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
MARIO LUIZ TEIXEIRA DE MORAES ◽  
SALATIÉR BUZETTI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Old Trees

Sementes de aroeira foram obtidas a partir de 30 árvores de polinização livre, localizadas na Estação Ecológica do Instituto Florestal em Paulo de Faria - SP, em setembro de 1996. Foram instalados dois testes de progênies de aroeira (consorciado com mutambo e angico do campo – Exp 1 e homogêneo – Exp 2), em março de 1997, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da FEIS/UNESP, em Selvíria - MS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foram os blocos casualizados, tanto no experimento consorciado como no homogêneo. Os caracteres nutricionais avaliados foram o conteúdo de: N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. As estimativas de parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas em nível de média de parcelas. A herdabilidade, aos dois anos, variou de 0,05 (para o Mg) a 0,63 (para o N). Foi encontrada variabilidade genética para o teor de nutrientes e a característica mais indicada para um processo de seleção seria o conteúdo de N. Nutrient aspects of genetic variation on progeny of Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. under different condition of crop Abstract Aroeira seeds were obtained from 30 trees of open pollination, located in the Estação Ecológica do Instituto Florestal in Paulo de Faria – SP, in September, 1996. Two tests of Aroeira progeny were conducted (mutambo and angico together – Exp 1 and homogeneous – Exp 2), in March, 1997, at experimental station of FEIS/UNESP, in Selvíria – MS. A randomized completely block design, to both experiments was used. The nutrient content evaluated was: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S. The genetic estimates achieved to mean plot level and herdability on 2 year old trees was 0,05 to Mg and 0,63 to N. There was genetic variability to nutrient content and N was the better characteristic to selection process.

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