scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL (CAPM) DAN THREE FACTORS MODEL FAMA AND FRENCH (TFMFF) DALAM MENGESTIMASI RETURN SAHAM

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
KADEK MIRA PITRIYANTI ◽  
KOMANG DHARMAWAN ◽  
G.K. GANDHIADI
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Market Risk ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Size Factor ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Book To Market Ratio ◽  
Fama And French

In 1996, Fama and French developed the CAPM in Three Factor Model Fama and French (TFMFF) to analyze the relationship between risk with rate of return by adding firm size factor that is proxied by Small Minus Big (SMB) and value factor at Book to Market Ratio that is proxied by High Minus Low (HML) on the CAPM model. The aim of this research is to compare the ability of CAPM and TFMFF in estimating the returns on six types of portfolios which are formed based on firm size and BE/ME. Selected samples are stocks of LQ-45 in period of February 2014, which have passed the selection of firm profits and ROE Warren Buffett criteria. Simple linear regression and Multiple linear regression with t test and F test statistics are used to demonstrate the influence and significance level of each variable. The results showed that TFMFF was more superior than CAPM. Market risk factor consistently affected each portfolio. SMB and HML is not always significantly effect on each portfolio, such as portfolio B/H, only market risk factor has a significant effect. However, the addition of SMB factors and HML factors could increase the coefficient of determination in each formed portfolio.

Maintaining Customer Loyalty by Intensifying Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in Commuter Line Jabodetabek

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 902-909
Author(s):  
Umbas Krisnanto ◽  
◽  
Conny Marpaung ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
T Test ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Significance Level

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty in Jabodetabek Commuter Line. The sample of this study was 50 people. Methods of collecting data by distributing questionnaires. Data analysis using the analysis used is simple linear regression, t test and coefficient of determination. The results showed 1) Service Quality has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty in Jabodetabek Commuter Line, with a significance level of 0.048; and supported by the results of hypothesis testing with a t-count value of 4.433 > t-table value of 1.95, with a significance of 0.048 or < 0.05; 2) Customer Satisfaction positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty in Jabodetabek Commuter Line, with a level significance of 0,000; and supported by the results of hypothesis testing with a t-count value of 4,969 > t-table value of 1.95, with a significance of 0,000 or < 0.05, 3) Service quality and Customer Satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty in Jabodetabek Commuter Line, with a significance level of 0,000. This means that the hypothesis H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted so that it can be concluded that service quality and customer satisfaction together have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty in Jabodetabek Commuter Line.

PENGARUH HARGA DAN BRAND TRUST TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN OPPO SMARTPHONE (Studi kasus pada OPPO Store, Sinergy Celular Medan)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Andi S Tarigan ◽  
Zulkarnaian Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Brand Trust ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Relationship

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Harga dan Brand Trust Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Sinergy Celular Medan.Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pengunjung Sinergy Celular Medan sebanyak 77 orang.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah melalui kuesioner (angket) yaitu dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner kepada sampel (responden) dan mengumpulkannya kembali. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Regresi Linear Berganda.Sebelum data diregresikan maka terlebih dahulu di uji keterkaitannya antara variabel, datanya diuji menggunakan uji normalitas data, multikolinearitas, dan heterokedastisitas.Serta untuk mengetahui kontribusi faktor Harga dan Brand TrustTerhadap Keputusan Pembelian digunakan rumus Koefisien Determinasi (R2). Hipotesis penelitian diterima apabila t hitung >  t tabel dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,1. Nilai t tabel dalam penelitian ini 1,993. Nilai t hitung variabel X1 sebesar 2,107 t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel maka hipotesis di terima, nilai t hitung variabel X2   sebesar 3,405 t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel maka hipotesis di terima. Kata kunci: Harga, Brand Trust, Keputusan Pembelian AbstractThis study aims to determine the Influence of Price and Brand Trust on Purchasing Decision at Sinergy Celular Medan. The sample in this study is all visitors Sinergy Celular Medan as many as 77 people.Data collection technique used is through questionnaire (questionnaire) that is by distributing questionnaires to the sample (respondent) and collect it back. Data analysis technique used is Multiple Linear Regression. Before the data is diregresikan then first in the test the relationship between variables, the data tested using the test of data normality, multicollinearity, and heterokedastisitas. And to know the contribution of price factors and Brand Trust Against Purchase Decision is used the formula Coefficient of Determination (R2). Research hypothesis accepted if t arithmetic> t table with significance level 0,1. The value of t table in this study is 1,993. Value t arithmetic variable X1 of 2.107 t arithmetic greater than t table then the hypothesis received, the value of t arithmetic variable X2 of 3.405 t arithmetic greater than t table then the hypothesis received. Keywords: Price, Brand Trust, Purchase Decision

PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP LAMA WAKTU LAPORAN AUDIT

Equity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Syifa Tamara Putri ◽  
Samin Samin
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Audit Report ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Outlier Test

This study aims to test and provide empirical the effect of profitability, leverage and firm size of the audit report lag. The population in this study is a sub company property and real estate sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2012-2014. Sample of 34 companies was selected by purposive sampling method. The data used in this study as much as 102 samples. This study uses several stage of calculation, using outlier test that is by converting the data into a standardized score or so-called z-score. After going through the process of outlier samples were chosen in this study to 93 samples. Analysis of the data using multiple linear regression with a significance level of 5% and determine the hypothesis used t test and f test. The results test showing that profitability, leverage and firm size are simultaneous positive and significant effect on audit report lag. The results test this study indicate that profitability has significance on audit report lag are partial. Meanwhile leverage and firm size has no significance on audit report lag

Applying the Fama and French three-factor model to analyze risk/reward in the Spanish REITs: an ARDL approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Su ◽  
Paloma Taltavull
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Size Factor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Fama And French ◽  
Three Factor

Purpose This paper aims to analyse the risk and excess returns of the Spanish real estate investment trusts (S-REITs) using various methods, though focusing primarily on the Fama-French three-factor (FF3) model, over the period from 2007Q3 to 2017Q2. Design/methodology/approach The autoregressive distributed lag model is used for the empirical analysis to test long-term stable relationships between variables. Findings The findings indicate that the FF3 model is suitable for the S-REITs market, better explaining the S-REITs’ returns variation than the traditional single-index capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the Carhart four-factor model. The empirical evidence is reasonably consistent with the FF3 model; the values for the market, size and value are highly statistically significant over the analysis period, with 68.7% variation in S-REITs’ returns explained by the model. In the long run, the market factor has less explanatory power than the size and value factors; the positive long-term multiplier of the size factor indicates that small S-REIT companies have higher returns, along with higher risk, while the negative multiplier of the value indicator suggests that S-REITs portfolios prefer to allocate growth REITs with low book-to-market ratios. The empirical findings from a modified FF3 model, which additionally incorporates Spain’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate, two consumer price index (CPI) macro-factors and three dummy variables, indicates that GDP growth rate and CPI also affect S-REITs’ yields, while investment funds with capital calls have a small influence on S-REITs’ returns. Practical implications The regression results of the standard and extended FF3 model can help researchers understand S-REITs’ risk and return through a general stock pattern. Potential investors are given more information to consider the new Spanish investment vehicle before making a decision. Originality/value The paper uses standard techniques but applies them for the first time to the S-REIT market.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FIRM SIZE AND LEVERAGE ON VALUE OF THE FIRM (EMPIRICAL STUDY ON BUMN LISTED IN INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE 2012 - 2017)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
novi yanti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination

This study aims to determine affect of size and leverage on firm value of BUMN companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2012-2017 either partially or simultaneously. The population in this study are all of BUMN companies listed on the Stock Exchange from 2012-2017, which amounted to 20 companies. The sample is in the form of selected BUMN company financial statements with certain criteria from 2012-2017. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis and coefficient of determination. Hypothesis testing uses t test and F test. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicate that firm size has a negative effect on firm value. Leverage has a positive effect on firm value. The results of the partial hypothesis test indicate that size has a significant effect on firm value while leverage does not have a significant effect on firm value. Simultaneously size and leverage have a significant effect on firm value. The contribution of size and leverage to company value is 43.8% and the remaining 56.2% is influenced by other variables.

scholarly journals The Effect of Risk-Based Capital on Investment Returns of Insurance Companies in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willys Obuba Chache ◽  
Cyrus Iraya Mwangi ◽  
Winnie Nyamute ◽  
Caren Angima
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Risk Capital ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
Capital Charge

This paper focuses on analyzing the effect of risk-based capital on investment returns of insurance companies in Kenya. The study population comprised of 63 insurance companies licensed by Insurance Regulatory Authority (IRA). A longitudinal (panel) design was used to describe the association amongst variables on the study duration. Moreover, secondary data was collected from the insurance companies’ annual returns submitted to IRA for five-year duration (2014-2018), which yielded adequate data points for each insurance company deeming it viable. Risk-based capital was determined by the standard formulae as per the risk-based supervision model. It was a composition of operational risk charge, market risk charge, insurance risk charge, credit risk capital charge, and an adjustment which considered the lossabsorbing capacity of technical provisions and deferred taxes. Investment returns in insurance companies was calculated using the investment income ratio. Test of normality, linearity, multicollinearity, and independence were conducted and were found suitable for linear regression to be conducted. Linear regression was used to evaluate the nature of the relationship between the variables based on the hypothesis in the study and at a significance level of 5%. Coefficient of determination ( ) was derived to show how the model fits the data. The study findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between risk-based capital and investment returns, thus allowing investment portfolio managers in the insurance industry to justify their investments in high risk areas that may attract a high capital charge.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP SEMANGAT KERJA PADA KOPDIT CU MANDIRI TEBING TINGGI

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Simangunsong ◽  
Joana L. Saragih ◽  
Betniar Purba ◽  
Imelda R Purba
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Employee Morale ◽  
Linear Regression Equation ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Environment Variables ◽  
Positive Meaning

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of compensation and work environment on employee morale at the CU Mandiri Tebing Tinggi Kopdit. Benefits of Research: Provide information material to the management of CU Mandiri Tebing Tinggi Kopdit about the effect of compensation and work environment on employee morale and For other researchers it can be used as a reference in conducting studies or research with the same subject matter as well as input for interested parties directly with this research. The number of samples was 96 respondents, the method of collecting data was through questionnaires and documentation, the variables studied were about the effect of compensation and work environment on employee morale at the Cooperative Unit of CU Mandiri Tebing Tinggi partially and simultaneously on work morale and data analysis methods with multiple regression. The results showed the linear regression equation: Linear regression equation: SK = 0.558 + 0.797Kom + 0.448LK., indicating the regression coefficient of the compensation variable (Kom) and work environment (LK), which was positive, meaning that all variables had a positive influence on work morale. The correlation coefficient (R) = 0.886, which means that the relationship between the compensation variable (Kom) and the work environment (LK) on work morale is very strong. The coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.785 means that the variable compensation (Kom) and work environment (LK) is able to explain 78.5% of work morale, while 21.5% is influenced by other factors. The calculated t value of the compensation variable = 6.871 and the work environment = 3.273 > t table which shows a significance number of 0.000 < 0.05, then the two variables have a partially significant effect on work morale. The calculated F value = 83.058 > F table with a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05, then Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted, meaning that the compensation variable (Kom) and work environment (LK) have a significant effect simultaneously on work morale. Based on the conclusion above, it is better if the Cooperative of CU Mandiri Tebing Tinggi needs to increase the compensation provided and the work environment to encourage employee morale so as to create job satisfaction. , Judging from the value of the coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.785, it means that compensation and work environment variables are able to explain 78.5% of work spirit while 21.5% is influenced by other factors. Other factors that affect morale should be investigated from the internal and external environment.

scholarly journals UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN TINGKAT LEVERAGE SEBAGAI PENDORONG PENERAPAN HEDGING UNTUK MENEKAN RISIKO IDIOSINKRATIK

AJAR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 19-48
Author(s):  
Cesilia Novita Simarmata ◽  
Suwandi Ng ◽  
Fransiskus E. Daromes
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Idiosyncratic Risk ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Fama And French

This research aims to investigate the role of firm size and leverage to be determinants of hedging application in order to suppress idiosyncratic risk. This research measured firm size using natural logarithm of total assets, debt to equity ratio for leverage, dummy variable for hedging activity, and Three Factor Model by Fama and French for idiosyncratic risk. The main theory used in these research are signaling theory and agency theory. The population used is non-financial companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for period of 2013-2017. The number of samples are 94 firms each year, selected by purposive sampling method. This research used documentary data, such as the annual report and financial statements. This research also used path analysis to analyze the data and sobel test to analyze the mediation role of hedging. The results of this research show that firm size and leverage have a positive and significant effect to hedging. Firm size has a positive but not significant effect to idiosyncratic risk, whilst leverage has a positive and significant effect to the latter. Firm size has a significant effect to idiosyncratic risk through hedging activity as mediator. Surprisingly, leverage does not need hedging to mediate its effect to idiosyncratic risk. This research is expected to be a reference for management to improve firm performance so it could gain investor trusts through hedging application as financial strategy. Investor could also use the results of this research as considerations for investment decision making.

Evidence on aggregate volatility risk premium for the French stock market

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
Amal Zaghouani Chakroun ◽  
Dorra Mezzez Hmaied
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Risk Premium ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Excess Returns ◽  
Time Series Regression ◽  
Volatility Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Volatility Risk Premium ◽  
Fama And French

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine alternative six- and seven-factor equity pricing models directed at capturing a new factor, aggregate volatility, in addition to market, size, book to market, profitability, investment premiums of the Fama and French (2015) and Fama and French’s (2018) aggregate volatility augmented model. Design/methodology/approach The models are tested using a time series regression and Fama and Macbeth’s (1973) methodology. Findings The authors show that both six- and seven-factor models best explain average excess returns on the French stock market. In fact, the authors outperform Fama and French’s (2018) model. The authors use sensitivity of aggregate volatility of a stock VCAC as a proxy to construct the aggregate volatility risk factor. The spanning tests suggest that Fama and French’s (1993, 2015, 2018) and Carhart’s (1997) models do not explain the aggregate volatility risk factor FVCAC. The results show that the FVCAC factor earns significant αs across the different multifactor models and even after controlling for the exposure to all the other in Fama and French’s (2018) model. The asset pricing tests show that it is systematically priced. In fact, the authors find a significant and negative (positive) relation between the aggregate volatility risk factor and the excess returns in the French stock market when it is rising (falling), in addition, periods with downward market movements tend to coincide with high volatility. Originality/value The authors contribute to the related literature in several ways. First, the authors test two new empirical six- and seven-factor model and the authors compare them to Fama and French’s (2018) model. Second, the authors give new evidence about the VCAC, using it for the first time to the authors’ knowledge, to construct a volatility risk premium.

scholarly journals The Earnings/Price Risk Factor in Capital Asset Pricing Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (70) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Falcão Noda ◽  
Roy Martelanc ◽  
Eduardo Kazuo Kayo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Capital Asset Pricing ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Capital Asset ◽  
Pricing Models ◽  
Asset Pricing Models ◽  
Fama And French

This article integrates the ideas from two major lines of research on cost of equity and asset pricing: multi-factor models and ex ante accounting models. The earnings/price ratio is used as a proxy for the ex ante cost of equity, in order to explain realized returns of Brazilian companies within the period from 1995 to 2013. The initial finding was that stocks with high (low) earnings/price ratios have higher (lower) risk-adjusted realized returns, already controlled by the capital asset pricing model's beta. The results show that selecting stocks based on high earnings/price ratios has led to significantly higher risk-adjusted returns in the Brazilian market, with average abnormal returns close to 1.3% per month. We design asset pricing models including an earnings/price risk factor, i.e. high earnings minus low earnings, based on the Fama and French three-factor model. We conclude that such a risk factor is significant to explain returns on portfolios, even when controlled by size and market/book ratios. Models including the high earnings minus low earnings risk factor were better to explain stock returns in Brazil when compared to the capital asset pricing model and to the Fama and French three-factor model, having the lowest number of significant intercepts. These findings may be due to the impact of historically high inflation rates, which reduce the information content of book values, thus making the models based on earnings/price ratios better than those based on market/book ratios. Such results are different from those obtained in more developed markets and the superiority of the earnings/price ratio for asset pricing may also exist in other emerging markets.

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