Investment activity in the Ural Federal District in the context of import substitution

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2678-2701
Author(s):  
N.V. Krivenko ◽  
A.V. Trynov ◽  
D.S. Epaneshnikova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Federal District ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Commodity Group ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
Investment In Fixed Assets ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article considers the investment activity in the regions of the Ural Federal District. Objectives. We analyze the impact of import substitution policy on investment activity by type of economic activity, using the regions of the Ural Federal District case. Methods. We employed methods of logic, statistical, and structural analysis. Results. We offer our own approach to the study of the impact of import substitution policy on the investment activity of regions. It rests on comparing the dynamics of Russian imports by major commodity group and the dynamics of investment in fixed assets by type of economic activity. The study revealed two trends. First, the development of substitute goods production. Second, the commodity sector development. It was found that in 2013–2019, investments in the sectors of mining and processing of mineral resources demonstrated faster growth. At the same time, investments in the production of import substituting goods did not show a stable positive dynamics. Thus, the enterprises of the Ural Federal District are more focused on the production of traditional export goods; the orientation of the import substitution policy to the domestic market and high-tech exports currently does not give the expected results and is local in nature. Conclusions. The results of the study can be used by Federal and regional authorities to assess the impact of import substitution policies on the investment activity of enterprises.

scholarly journals State-legal regulation of foreign economic and domestic economic activity of the agricultural and industrial complex of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 08054
Author(s):  
Alexander Suhanov
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Legal Forms

The development of a dynamic and competitive global economy modifies the coordinate system of modern foreign economic activity, focusing it on the development and production of innovative high-tech agro-industrial products. The article provides a brief overview of the main legal approaches to assessing the effectiveness of innovative foreign economic and domestic economic activity of Russia. The conclusions set out in the publication contain a number of proposals to optimize the instruments of state legal regulation of the policy of the Russian state in the system of implementation of import substitution in the agro-industrial complex. The work substantiates the strategic priorities of the development of the national AIC, which make it possible to ensure a stable rate of economic growth by stimulating the investment activity of economic entities, reducing the critical dependence of agricultural producers on imported technologies, which contributes to increasing food security. Based on the analysis of the role of the agro-industrial complex in ensuring an acceptable level of food security, the study notes specific legal forms of state activity aimed at expanding domestic production, transforming the existing mechanism of state regulation and supporting the agro-industrial complex, caused by a change in the existing conditions of the domestic and domestic market in the agricultural sector

scholarly journals The Impact of Oil Prices on Economic Activity: The Case of Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Shahin V. B. ◽  
Jamila G. M. ◽  
Fargana G. M. ◽  
Nazim Hajiyev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
World Market ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The strategic purpose of the economic policy of Azerbaijan is to ensure sustainable growth. The external factors including oil prices in the world market and investments have a significant influence on economic activity in Azerbaijan. The relationship between oil prices and gross domestic product has been scrutinized and the sensitivity of macroeconomic indicators to oil prices has been investigated. The dependence of investment activity, including foreign investments on oil prices has been determined. In the research, econometric models have been constructed in the purpose of studying the impact of oil prices on key macroeconomic indicators from the qualitative and quantitative point of view. At the same time, a comparative analysis of oil reserves of Azerbaijan with other oil countries has been conducted. According to the results, the government should determine new and sustainable growth pillars based on risks emerged from oil price, improve economic policy and accelerate the transition to innovative high-tech models of economic development.

Assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax spending towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of advanced development territory

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Mikhailovna Popova ◽  
Guzel Mukhtarovna Guseinova ◽  
Sergei Borisovich Milov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Development

The deficit of subnational budgets and deceleration capital investments in multiple Russian regions increase the relevance of research aimed at improvement of tax incentivizing practice of the regional investment process. The studies focused on determination of the impact of socioeconomic and institutional factors upon the efficiency of investment tax expenses obtained wide circulation within the foreign scientific literature. The subject of this article is the assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax expanses towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of territories of advanced socioeconomic development, created in the subjects of Far Easter Federal District. The scientific novelty and practical values of this research consists in substantiation of the reasonableness of assessment of investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity that are stimulated by tax incentives. Methodology for assessing investment attractiveness is proposed and tested. The conclusion is made that in case of low investment attractiveness of the type of economic activity, which was planned to support by tax incentives, it is required to conduct and additional analysis to avoid unjustified tax expanses.

Problems of Implementation of an Import Substitution Policy in the Oil Industry

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Vertakova ◽  
A. S. Evtyukhin
Keyword(s):  
Import Substitution ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current Economic Situation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact

The presented study addresses the issues of implementation of an import substitution policy in the Russian oil industry. Support of domestic production is a key objective specified in the message of the President of the Russian Federation in 2019. In light of the current economic situation and considering the importance of the oil industry for the Russian economy, an import substitution policy could help achieve the objective set by the President.Aim. The study aims to identify the problems and ways of implementation of an import substitution policy in the Russian oil industry.Tasks. The authors analyze scientific publications on import substitution and the state of the Russian oil industry at the current stage of development; determine the directions and fundamental trends in the development of the oil industry; identify obstacles that hinder the implementation of an import substitution policy in the oil industry; describe conditions that facilitate the development of the  investment process in the oil industry; propose comprehensive methods and ways to intensify investments and optimize costs for enterprises in the oil industry.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition, comparative and statistical analysis to identify problems in the implementation of an import substitution policy in the oil industry.Results. Examination of the current state and development prospects of the oil industry allows the authors to identify obstacles to the development of import substitution. The study shows their impact on the potential of import substitution, which has a negative effect on the prospects of intensification of investment processes, and proposes comprehensive methods and mechanisms that could neutralize the impact of the identified obstacles, thus facilitating the formation of a positive investment climate. Conclusions. Investment climate is shown to have a decisive impact on the potential of import substitution in the Russian oil industry, and ways of overcoming negative trends in the development of the oil industry are proposed.

scholarly journals Destructive Creation at Work: How Financial Distress Spurs Entrepreneurship

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 4061-4101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Babina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Web Site ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Wage ◽  
New Firms ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Paper

Abstract Using U.S. Census firm-worker data, I document that firms’ financial distress has an economically important effect on employee departures to entrepreneurship. The impact is amplified in the high-tech and service sectors, where employees are key assets. In states with enforceable noncompete contracts, the effect is mitigated. Compared to typical entrepreneurs, distress-driven entrepreneurs are high-wage workers who found better firms, as measured by jobs, pay, and survival. Startup jobs compensate for 33% of job losses at the constrained incumbents. Overall, the financial inability of incumbent firms to pursue productive opportunities increases the reallocation of economic activity into new firms. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

scholarly journals The role of the state in ensuring food import substitution at the regional level in a pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00087
Author(s):  
Tatyana Solovyova ◽  
Danil Zyukin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact

The study analyzes the aspects that determine the change in the role of the state and the form of its impact on the agricultural sector in the context of the impact of the pandemic on all socio-economic processes in the country. The article reveals the importance of implementing the import substitution program from social and economic positions for Russia. A complex of adverse consequences brought by the pandemic to the public life and economy of the country is given, which determines the change in the role of the state in matters of regulation and direct financial support of agricultural production. The article discusses the advisability of using "helicopter money" as a way to help the population in difficult social conditions and at the same time as a way to stimulate effective demand for essential domestic products, including food products. In the context of a pandemic, the necessity of payments to support direct agricultural producers to maintain their financial stability is substantiated, the calculation of which is recommended to be tied to the arable land area and livestock population. The study provides a list of basic principles that are recommended to be applied when using instruments of direct financial support and regulation from the state. It is important to ensure not only the survival of agribusiness in the current conditions, but also to create opportunities for maintaining investment activity in the implementation of large projects, as well as to ensure the maintenance of the level of intensification in the current production cycle.

scholarly journals Foreign Experience of Import Substitution Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Baynov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
The Government

In the current international environment — with fashion on international sanctions, in particular, limiting the possibilities of purchasing high-tech equipment from abroad and dependency of the exchange rate of the ruble against various political provocations — the Russian Federation has faced with the necessity of re-industrialization of the ‘raw’ model of the economy and stimulation of the development of its inner potential. It should be noted that, in accordance with the Plan for promoting import substitution in industry No. 1936-r of 30 September 2014, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of industry and trade of the Russian Federation has developed and is implementing 22 sectoral plans for import substitution in selected industries of the Russian Federation. In this regard, it is particularly important to study international experience in the field of import substitution policy. The validity and reliability of presented study are achieved by applying a systematic approach and scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, as well as regulatory, empirical method, etc. As a result of the analysis of international experience, it was possible to identify measures that can improve the efficiency of the state policy of import substitution, including through the use of offset mechanisms in civilian industries and the development of the institution of public procurement, certification, and standardization. In conclusion, the author proposes measures that can improve the policy of import substitution. The practical significance of the article consists in the possibility of applying the results of the study in the elaboration of industrial development programs and further research.

scholarly journals Increasing the attractiveness of investment projects in the mining industry of the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Yuliya Arkhipova ◽  
Rudolf Leontiev
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the issue of the possibility of economic development of the mining industry in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and the impact of investment projects. With the vast wealth and diversity of mineral resources, their involvement in the national economy is an essential factor in the industrialization and successful development of the regions. In the case of the establishment of processing plants, for a number of minerals, the region could provide its own needs, as well as the countries, finished products from it, and develop an export focus. The article considers the export orientation of the mineral and raw materials complex of Russia and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the commodity structure of exports of the regions of the FEFD. Special attention is paid to the implementation of major regional investment projects, which are important for the development of the regions. So, it is proposed to implement a major project in the form of an integrated mining and metallurgical complex due to the fact that the region needs its own ferrous metallurgy. The calculations carried out (in various versions: basic, in the conditions of the territory of advanced development (TAD), without the costs of infrastructure creation) showed that the implementation of the project is cost-effective, but due to the high costs, the support of the state is necessary.

Promising Areas for Ensuring Food Security in the Region (on the example of the Far East)

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
M.S. Oborin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Impact

In the current political and economic situation in the Russian Federation, due to the need for rapid development of import substitution in the food sector, agriculture has become one of the priority sectors of the Russian economy. In the context of sanctions restrictions, food security as an essential component of the country’s national security depends entirely on the level of agricultural development. The problems and features of agricultural production development in regions with difficult natural and climatic conditions are relevant, since additional investments and the introduction of innovative technologies that reduce the impact of negative factors are required there. The article discusses the trends and prospects of ensuring food security of the Far Eastern Federal District. This direction includes the physical availability of food for the population of all subjects of the district, the necessary volumes and quality of food, its positive impact on the health of the population. Indicators of agricultural production in the district and its features in the regions are considered. The main problem of regions with unfavorable climatic conditions remains insufficient production of various types of products. The necessary directions for improving food security are systematic state support and strategic cooperation with neighboring regions at the inter-sectoral and inter-municipal levels.

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