scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF CONCEPT SELECTION IN CONCEPT SCORING AND AXIOMATIC DESIGN METHODS

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Xiao ◽  
Simon S. Park ◽  
Theo Freiheit
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

The appropriate selection of design concepts has a strong influence on product cost, durability, robustness and functionality. Effective tools to identify good design concepts are critical. Different design methodologies have different objectives to aid in making the right decision. Some design methods are complementary, whereas others may provide contradictory results. In this study, two design methods, concept scoring and axiomatic design, are compared for their ability to obtain good design concepts. Conceptual designs of micro-pumps, which provide pressure gradients to actuate the flow of liquids and gas, are used to evaluate the design methods. Metrics are used to compare these two design methodologies’ abilities to achieve objective evaluations. The concept scoring method is easy to use, especially when comparing different designs. The axiomatic design method provides a structured and mathematical design evaluation; however, achieving good design through the uncoupling or decoupling of matrices is challenging. Further study is required to integrate these two design methods.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Pelaporan Kelebihan Jam Mengajar Jurusan Akuntansi PNP

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Sukartini ◽  
Firman Surya ◽  
Welsi Haslina ◽  
Yusnani ◽  
Ulfi Maryati
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Database Application ◽  
Microsoft Access ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Right ◽  
Short Time ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Selection Of

This study aims to create a database application program that is able to process data on lecturer course activities and generate reports on the calculation of teaching fees periodically during the pandemic which requires lecturers to report lecture activities online. The system design method approach used is prototyping, namely by creating a program that most closely resembles user needs in a relatively short time. The prototype was generated using the Microsoft Access 2010 database application. The selection of microsoft access to create a prototype was based on the availability of complete facilities in Microsoft Access to design table relations, input forms, query processing, reports and the visual basic programming language for applications. Google Forms used to receive lecture data input online. The application development stages consist of design, testing and implementation stages. This application has succeeded in providing the right solution for the Padang State Polytechnic Accounting Department during the pandemic in calculating and reporting lecture activities and lecturers teaching fees.

Study on Integrated Design Method Based on AD, QFD, TRIZ and Taguchi Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 1301-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Qing Sun ◽  
Guan Wei Zhang ◽  
Yong Liang Chen ◽  
Kun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cutting Machine ◽  
Quality Function Development

Based on study and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the design methods of AD (AD, Axiomatic Design), QFD (QFD, Quality Function Development), TRIZ (TRIZ, Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) and Taguchi Method, the article established the integrated design model of the four. Taking the design of a compressor cutting machine as example, the article analyzed how to design the machine under the guidance of the integrated design method based on AD-QFD-TRIZ and Taguchi Method according to the actual needs of users. Thus, the article provides a useful reference for the design of related products to designers.

scholarly journals Design of a low-cost loading/unloading mechanism for processing stations in an automated production environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Georg Egger ◽  
Michael Riedl ◽  
Erwin Rauch ◽  
Dominik T. Matt
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Design Matrix ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Automated Production ◽  
The Right

A loading/unloading mechanism was designed using the axiomatic design method. The mechanism is a standardized part of a smart factory currently implemented at Fraunhofer Italia research institute on behalf of the DeConPro research project, and as such is specified to fit any processing station. The mechanism is used in conjunction with an automated transport system, which carries standardized transport boxes on rails. The transport systems stop at the processing stations and shall be grabbed by the mechanism subject of this publication and dragged into the processing station, where. Also, the transport boxes must be fixed onto the shuttles of the transport system avoiding drops while moving, which is also part of the design exercise. Inside the processing station, the transport boxes shall be further movable in both directions perpendicular to the direction of the mechanism movement. The mechanism shall build compact especially in depth, and shall also be optimised in cost, as it is a recurring item in all processing stations. The resulting FR/DP decomposition lead to an decoupled design matrix up to second level, which allowed for choosing the right engineering sequence of the functions. The axiomatic design procedure helped considerably in finding the best concept for holding and handling the box. The further engineering steps benefit also considerably by the anticipated trade-off between alternatives for actuator types.

Design Methodologies for Arctic Gas Pipelines

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germa´n E. Ortega ◽  
Pascinthe Saad
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Allowable Stress ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Allowable Stress Design

The need to install gas pipelines in more technically difficult locations, coupled with very tight competitive economics necessitates increased efforts to consider more refined design methodologies that provide higher levels of certainty and result in more economical designs. The design of onshore gas pipelines in arctic environment must also address a number of Geohazards which will impose various external loads on the pipeline in addition to the internal pressure and other stress inducing loads that non-arctic pipelines typically experience. These geohazards include frost heave, thaw settlement, and soil movement and will tend to deform the pipeline and induce longitudinal strain at levels well above the linear elastic limit. The different design methods must account for these loads in order to ensure a rational and fit for purpose design. Currently, a design engineer can rely on one of three distinct design methods for onshore gas pipelines: Allowable Stress Design (ASD), Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) or Reliability Based Design Assessment (RBDA). Each of the methods has advantages as well as disadvantages that could limit their applicability to a specific project. Clear understanding of the loads, the operational requirements, the environmental conditions and regulatory framework are all key factors in selecting the appropriate design method. Allowable Stress Design has been the traditional design method for onshore pipelines in the US and while the method leads to safe pipelines, the degree of safety and the inherent level of conservatism incorporated can often be improved. Gas pipelines can also be designed using probabilistic methods that require the consideration of credible modes of failure (limit states) and the calculation of the probability that these limits will be exceeded. Since the design engineer must evaluate each applicable mode of failure individually, the degree of conservatism and safety can be applied where needed the most. Probabilistic design methods can be used to achieve consistency and to provide a higher degree of certainty that pipelines would perform as designed [2]. Since probabilistic methodologies are typically applied only by small group of specialized consultants, a clear understanding of their strengths and limitations is required by all key personnel involved in the design and engineering decision making process. This paper will present a definition of the design methods as well as a direct comparison of all major components associated with each. Furthermore, it will provide a definition of commonly used terminologies associated with reliability and strain based design application in order to enhance the practical knowledge of the basis for each approach.

Selection of Vehicle Architecture for EcoCAR Competition Using Axiomatic Design Principles

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick Tate ◽  
Timothy T. Maxwell ◽  
Bharatendra S. Sharma ◽  
Kunal Patil
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Independence Axiom ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Vehicle Architecture ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Texas Tech University ◽  
Selection Of

Axiomatic design (AD) techniques have not previously been applied in designing the overall architecture of an automobile. The present work investigates use of axiomatic design concepts for vehicle design in the Texas Tech University Eco-CAR program. The three different architectures considered are fuel cell, two-mode hybrid, and belt alternator/starter system (BAS+). The objective in using axiomatic design methods is to choose an architecture for the EcoCAR competition vehicle that follows the principles of axiomatic design, and in turn, should prove to be the best choice of vehicle architecture among the three considered. Function means trees (FMT) and design matrices (DM) are constructed for each of the architectures and are used in deciding whether the architecture is a coupled, uncoupled, or decoupled design per the independence axiom. The choice is supported by means of simulation results obtained for each architecture. Finally, a two-mode hybrid architecture is selected based on the use of axiomatic design and the simulation results.

PROBLEM ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL NORMS OF PROTECTION OF THE VICTIMS FROM CRIME

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Яна Валерьевна Самиулина
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Selection Of

В настоящей статье предпринята попытка исследовать отдельные проблемные аспекты института потерпевшего в российском уголовном процессе. В этих целях подвергнуты анализу правовые нормы, регламентирующие его процессуальный статус. Раскрываются отдельные пробелы уголовно-процессуального законодательства в сфере защиты законных прав и интересов потерпевшего. Автор акцентирует внимание на том, что совершенствование уголовно-процессуального законодательства в части расширения правомочий потерпевшего по отстаиванию своих нарушенных преступлением прав следует продолжить. На основании проведенного исследования действующего законодательства в части регламентации прав потерпевшего от преступления предлагается расширить перечень получаемых им копий постановлений, указанных в п. 13 ч. 2 ст. 42 УПК РФ. Автор предлагает включить в перечень указанной законодательной нормы право получения потерпевшим копии постановления об избрании конкретного вида меры пресечения, избранного в отношении подозреваемого (обвиняемого). Для создания действенного механизма защиты интересов потерпевших от преступления юридических лиц предлагаем ч. 9 ст. 42 УПК РФ изложить в следующей редакции: «в случае признания потерпевшим юридического лица его процессуальное право в уголовном процессе осуществляет представляющий его профессиональный адвокат». This article attempts to investigate certain problematic aspects of the institution of the victim in the Russian criminal process. For this purpose, analyzed the individual norms governing his procedural status. Separate gaps of the criminal procedure legislation in the sphere of protection of the legal rights and interests of the victim are disclosed. The author emphasizes that the improvement of the criminal procedure legislation in terms of the extension of the victim’s authority to defend his rights violated by the crime should be continued. On the basis of the study of the current legislation regarding the regulation of the rights of the victim of a crime, it is proposed to expand the list of decisions received by him, referred to in paragraph 13, part 2 of article 42 Code of Criminal Procedure. The author proposes to include in the list of the indicated legislative norm the right to receive the victim a copy of the decision on the selection of a specific type of preventive measure, selected in relation to the suspect (accused). To create an effective mechanism for protecting the interests of legal entities victims of a crime, we offer part 9 of art. 42 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation shall be reworded as follows: «if a legal entity is recognized as a victim, his procedural right in criminal proceedings is exercised by the professional lawyer representing him».

Prospects for Discovering the Secondary Metabolites of Cordyceps Sensu Lato by the Integrated Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Shabana Bibi ◽  
Yuan-Bing Wang ◽  
De-Xiang Tang ◽  
Mohammad Amjad Kamal ◽  
Hong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Design ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Computer Aided Drug Design ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Design Techniques

: Some species of Cordyceps sensu lato are famous Chinese herbs with significant biological activities, often used as edible food and traditional medicine in China. Cordyceps represents the largest entomopathogenic group of fungi, including 40 genera and 1339 species in three families and incertae sedis of Hypocreales. Objective: Most of the Cordyceps-derivatives have been approved clinically for the treatment of various diseases such as diabetes, cancers, inflammation, cardiovascular, renal and neurological disorders and are used worldwide as supplements and herbal drugs, but there is still need for highly efficient Cordyceps-derived drugs for fatal diseases with approval of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Methods: Computer-aided drug design concepts could improve the discovery of putative Cordyceps- derived medicine within less time and low budget. The integration of computer-aided drug design methods with experimental validation has contributed to the successful discovery of novel drugs. Results: This review focused on modern taxonomy, active metabolites, and modern drug design techniques that could accelerate conventional drug design and discovery of Cordyceps s. l. Successful application of computer-aided drug design methods in Cordyceps research has been discussed. Conclusion: It has been concluded that computer-aided drug design techniques could influence the multiple target-focused drug design, because each metabolite of Cordyceps has shown significant activities for the various diseases with very few or no side effects.

An Update on Improved Flange Design Methods

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren Brown
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Design Improvement ◽  
Panel Session ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Made In

This paper details further progress made in the PVRC project “Development of Improved Flange Design Method for the ASME VIII, Div.2 Rewrite Project” presented during the panel session on flange design at the 2006 PVP conference in Vancouver. The major areas of flange design improvement indicated by that project are examined and the suggested solutions for implementing the improved methods into the Code are discussed. Further analysis on aspects such as gasket creep and the use of leakage-based design has been conducted. Shortcomings in the proposed ASME flange design method (ASME BFJ) and current CEN flange design methods (EN-1591) are highlighted and methods for resolution of these issues are suggested.

scholarly journals The Impact of Alkaloid-Producing Epichloë Endophyte on Forage Ryegrass Breeding: A New Zealand Perspective

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Colin Eady
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Epichloë Endophyte

For 30 years, forage ryegrass breeding has known that the germplasm may contain a maternally inherited symbiotic Epichloë endophyte. These endophytes produce a suite of secondary alkaloid compounds, dependent upon strain. Many produce ergot and other alkaloids, which are associated with both insect deterrence and livestock health issues. The levels of alkaloids and other endophyte characteristics are influenced by strain, host germplasm, and environmental conditions. Some strains in the right host germplasm can confer an advantage over biotic and abiotic stressors, thus acting as a maternally inherited desirable ‘trait’. Through seed production, these mutualistic endophytes do not transmit into 100% of the crop seed and are less vigorous than the grass seed itself. This causes stability and longevity issues for seed production and storage should the ‘trait’ be desired in the germplasm. This makes understanding the precise nature of the relationship vitally important to the plant breeder. These Epichloë endophytes cannot be ‘bred’ in the conventional sense, as they are asexual. Instead, the breeder may modulate endophyte characteristics through selection of host germplasm, a sort of breeding by proxy. This article explores, from a forage seed company perspective, the issues that endophyte characteristics and breeding them by proxy have on ryegrass breeding, and outlines the methods used to assess the ‘trait’, and the application of these through the breeding, production, and deployment processes. Finally, this article investigates opportunities for enhancing the utilisation of alkaloid-producing endophytes within pastures, with a focus on balancing alkaloid levels to further enhance pest deterrence and improving livestock outcomes.

scholarly journals Design Concepts for NiTiNOL Wires to Function as a Sensor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Josephine Selvarani Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Mechanical Element ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Inverse Hysteresis

AbstractNickel Titanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory (NiTiNOL) is widely called as a shape memory alloy (SMA), a class of nonlinear smart material inherited with the functionally programmed property of varying electrical resistance during the transformation enabling to be positioned as a sensing element. The major challenge to instrument the SMA wires is to suppress the wires’ nonlinearity by proper selection of two important factors. The first factor is influenced by the mechanical biasing element and the other is to identify the sensing current for the sensing device (SMA wires + biasing). This paper focuses on developing SMA wires for sensing in different orientation types and configurations by removing the non-linearity in the system’s output by introducing inverse hysteresis to the wires through the passive mechanical element.

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