scholarly journals Bakteriyel Yollarla Metal Nanopartiküllerin Sentezi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Fikriye Alev Akçay ◽  
Ayşe Avcı
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Nano Size

Metal particles reduced to nano size by nanotechnological methods are confronted in many different fields such as biomedical and physicochemical, pharmaceutical, electric-electronic, automotive and food industries. Nanoparticles can be produced using chemical, physical and biological methods, of which chemical processes are in common use. However, physical and chemical methods are not environmentally friendly and economical because they require the use of high temperature, high pressure and toxic chemicals. For this reason, interest in the production of metal nanoparticles by biological methods, also called green technology, an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach, has increased in recent years. With some plant extracts and intracellular and extracellular secretions of microorganisms, some reduction reactions take place and metal nanoparticles are produced. Bacteria have been actively involved in nanotechnology in recent years due to their diversity in nature, their ease of isolation, and ease of nanoparticle synthesis. In this article, production and application of metal nanoparticles by using bacterial methods have been reviewed.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles in Photosynthetic Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biological Science ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Nanobiotechnology is emerging as a field of applied biological science and nanotechnology. Synthesis of nanoparticles is done by various physical and chemical methods but the biological methods are relatively simple, cost-effective, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly methods. The present review focuses on the synthesis of nanoparticles with special emphasis on the use of plants parts for the synthesis process, its applications, and future prospectus.

Plant derived silver nanoparticles and its therapeutic applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpita Roy
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Background: Nanotechnology involves the synthesis of materials that are in nanometre sizes (1 to 100 nm). Nanotechnology has appeared as a new area of fundamental science and is getting worldwide consideration due to its extensive applications. They have exceptional physicochemical properties due to their unique size, shape and size distribution. Methods: Conventionally nanoparticles were synthesized using physical and chemical methods. These methods have various disadvantages therefore biological methods possess great interest. Biological synthesis uses bacteria, fungi, algae and plants. Results: Biosynthesis of nanoparticles using plants emerges as nanofactories as they offer nontoxic, clean and eco-friendly method with various physicochemical properties. Out of all the nanoparticles, silver attends special attention due to their various therapeutical and environmental applications. Conclusion: Therefore, in this review, a summary of various reports within the last ten years where plants were utilized for silver nanoparticle synthesis has been discussed. Further mechanism involves synthesis, factors affecting the process of synthesis and therapeutical applications has been discussed.

Biomedical Applications and Patents on Metallic Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Singh ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽  
Rishabha Malviya
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Aim/Objective: The author writes the manuscript by reviewing the literatures related to the biomedical application of metallic nanoparticles. The term metal nanoparticles are used to describe the nanosized metals with the dimension within the size range of 1-100 nm. Methods: The preparation of metallic nanoparticles and their application is an influential area for research. Among various physical and chemical methods (viz. chemical reduction, thermal decomposition, etc.) for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, biological methods have been suggested as possible eco-friendly alternatives. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is having many problems inclusive of solvent toxicity, the formation of hazardous byproducts and consumption of energy. So it is important to design eco-friendly benign procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Results: From the literature survey, we concluded that metallic nanoparticles have applications in the treatment of different diseases. Metallic nanoparticles are having a great advantage in the detection of cancer, diagnosis, and therapy. And it can also have properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-angiogenic. Conclusion: In this review, recent upcoming advancement of biomedical application of nanotechnology and their future challenges has been discussed.

scholarly journals GREEN SYNTHESIS OF PLANT-MEDIATED METAL NANOPARTICLES: THE ROLE OF POLYPHENOLS

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
LATIF MS ◽  
ABBAS S ◽  
KORMIN F ◽  
MUSTAFA MK
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Labor Consuming ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Biological Actions

The use of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) in various fields is increasing day-by-day leading to a genuine concern about the issues related to their environmental and biological safety. The major approaches for the synthesis of NPs include physical and chemical methods which are expensive and hazardous to health in addition to being toxic to the environment. This review highlights the potential of plant extracts to carry out the synthesis of MNPs with a special emphasis on the role of flavonoids in nanosynthesis. This green and clean approach have been actively utilized in recent years as an alternative to conventional hazardous approaches. It has proved as cost-effective, non-toxic, less time and labor consuming, efficient, and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of MNPs with specific biological actions. This review also focuses on the role of polyphenols, including the flavonoids as bioreductants of metal salts for the synthesis of NPs along with their biomedical applications. Various examples of the MNPs, along with their biological actions, have also been summarized.

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Minireview

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Alaa Alnaimat ◽  
Intesar Aljamaeen
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Nano Size ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In principle, nanoscience focus on the understanding of the structure, physical and chemical properties of nano size objects. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are both recent and active ongoing branch of science includes multi interdisciplinary sciences. On the other hand, nanotechnology considered as the invested outcomes of the obtained fundamental knowledge about nano objects in various commercial, industrial, environmental and medical sectors. All nano scale matters regardless of their nature referred to as nano-objects were the prefix ‘nano’ mean one millionth of millimeter size. Due to their nano size and high surface area, metal nanoparticles exhibits unique and novel physical and chemical properties compared to their macro scale counterparts. They are considered as very interesting and popular antimicrobial agent with wide spectrum activity against the variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Three main methods were routinely used for metal nanoparticles formation that are chemical, physical and biological approaches. As eco-friendly, cheap and safe synthesis approach without the use of toxic chemicals and free of resulted hazardous byproducts several extracellular and intracellular biological methods using bacteria, fungi, plants or their extracts were reported that known collectively as green nanotechnology

scholarly journals Plant Extract Mediated Synthesis of Transition Metal Nanoparticles: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1989-1995
Author(s):  
Nimish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Transition Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications

Green technology is a fast evolving scientific topic that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its wide range of applications. It is a multidisciplinary field that is safe, non-hazardous, and ecologically friendly, in contrast to chemical and physical approaches for nanoparticle synthesis. Because the existing biomolecules in plant extract act as both a reducing and capping agent, the produced nanoparticles are very stable. As a result, nanoparticles that have been manufactured have a wide range of potential applications in the environmental and biomedical domains. The current report contains current information on numerous green synthesis methods that rely on different plant parts for green transition metal nanoparticles synthesis.

scholarly journals METHODS OF DISINFECTION OF MANURE AND MANURE EFFLUENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Hutoryanina ◽  
Dumbadze ◽  
Dimidova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Open Type ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The problem of environmental pollution has now acquired global significance. Helminth eggs in liquid manure laid in open-type sedimentation tanks in October-November, remain viable for 12 months or more, and in spring-summer manure for 4–5 months. Therefore, uninfected liquid manure in both winter and summer poses a serious threat of contamination of reservoirs, soil, groundwater, feed and pastures with dangerous pathogens for humans and animals. This circumstance makes it necessary to carry out disinfestation of manure of all categories. Based on the above, the purpose of the work was to analyze existing methods of manure disinfection and manure effluents. All methods of deworming (disinvasion) of manure and its fractions can be divided into three groups: biological, physical and chemical. It is generally recognized that biological methods for decomposing organic waste are considered environmentally acceptable and cost-effective. Some of the analyzed physical and chemical methods also have a certain effectiveness of disinfection. When using these groups of disinfectants, constant monitoring and compliance with technological parameters is necessary, as well as the norms for the consumption of disinfectants and the exposure time must be observed.

Biological Nanofactories: Using Living Forms for Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpi Srivastava ◽  
Zeba Usmani ◽  
Atanas G. Atanasov ◽  
Vinod Kumar Singh ◽  
Nagendra Pratap Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Green Technique

: Metal nanoparticles are nanosized entities with dimensions of 1-100 nm that are increasingly in demand due to applications in diverse fields like electronics, sensing, environmental remediation, oil recovery and drug delivery. Metal nanoparticles possess large surface energy and properties different from bulk materials due to their small size, large surface area with free dangling bonds and higher reactivity. High cost and pernicious effects associated with the chemical and physical methods of nanoparticle synthesis are gradually paving the way for biological methods due to their eco-friendly nature. Considering the vast potentiality of microbes and plants as sources, biological synthesis can serve as a green technique for the synthesis of nanoparticles as an alternative to conventional methods. A number of reviews are available on green synthesis of nanoparticles but few have focused on covering the entire biological agents in this process. Therefore present paper describes the use of various living organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, bryophytes and tracheophytes in the biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles, the mechanisms involved and the advantages associated therein.

scholarly journals BIOREMEDIATION OF A CAMBIC CHERNOZEM POLLUTED WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Marinescu ◽  
M. Dumitru ◽  
Anca Lacatusu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The exploitation of petroleum has generated various sources of pollution in soil. In order to resolve this problem, several techniques have been developed. Physical and chemical methods are the most widely methods used for land treatment of oil polluted soils. These methods are expensive, ineffective and could cause a lot of damages on soil. The biological methods are not expensive and do not cause changes in the soil physical and chemical characteristics. Bioremediation is based on the capacity of microorganisms to degrade organic pollutant compounds, such as hydrocarbons. This study presents the preliminary results of a bioremediation alternative for soils polluted with crude oil (petroleum hydrocarbons). The bioremediation was achieved by increasing the microbial population by adding the fibers provided from celluloid wastes and bacteria inoculum. The paper presents the effect of a bioremediation treatment applied to a cambic chernozem polluted with 50000 mg kg-1 (5% crude oil) and 100000 mg kg-1 (10% crude oil) of a complex mixture of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH).

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles Using Some Selected Medicinal Plants from Southern Africa and Their Biological Applications

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Jumoke A. Aboyewa ◽  
Nicole R. S. Sibuyi ◽  
Mervin Meyer ◽  
Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
South African ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
African Plants ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The application of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), especially that of silver, gold, cobalt, and zinc as antimicrobial, anticancer, drug delivery, contrast, and bioimaging agents has transformed the field of medicine. Their functions, which are attributed to their physicochemical properties, have gained prominence in various technological fields. Although MNPs can be produced via rigorous physical and chemical techniques, in recent years, a biological approach utilizing natural materials has been developed. With the increasing enthusiasm for safe and efficient nanomaterials, the biological method incorporating microorganisms and plants is preferred over physical and chemical methods of nanoparticle synthesis. Of these bio-entities, plants have received great attention owing to their capability to reduce and stabilize MNPs in a single one-pot protocol. South Africa is home to ~10% of the world’s plant species, making it a major contributor to the world’s ecological scenery. Despite the documented contribution of South African plants, particularly in herbal medicine, very few of these plants have been explored for the synthesis of the noble MNPs. This paper provides a review of some important South African medicinal plants that have been utilized for the synthesis of MNPs. The enhanced biological properties of the biogenic MNPs attest to their relevance in medicine. In this endeavour, more of the African plant biodiversity must be explored for the synthesis of MNPs and be validated for their potential to be translated into future nanomedicine.

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