scholarly journals Safety Assessment of Dairy Microorganisms, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Isolated from Traditional Yoghurt Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Yekta Gezginç ◽  
Fatma Gül Demirbanka ◽  
Elif Coşkun Dağgeçen ◽  
İsmail Akyol
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Study Results

The traditional fermented food consumption has become very popular because of the increasing public concern about food additives. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) species have traditionally been used as starter cultures in the production of fermented food. LAB can acquire antibiotic resistance from other bacteria in the natural environment and different resistant mechanisms via mutation. The resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is an increasingly important public health problem worldwide. In this study, antibiotic resistance of 115 Streptocoocus thermophilus and 35 Lactobacillus bulgaricus isolates obtained from traditional Turkish yogurts were tested against kanamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ampicillin, rifampicin, tetracycline, vancomycin and gentamicin using disc diffusion method. Study results showed that most strains were susceptible to all the antibiotics tested while a few of them were determined to be resistant only to kanamycin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. When contacted in a human body, resistant strains might transfer the related genes to the pathogenic species, which may result in devastating consequences.

scholarly journals Multidrug Resistant Enteric Bacterial Pathogens in a Psychiatric Hospital in Ghana: Implications for Control of Nosocomial Infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwabena O. Duedu ◽  
George Offei ◽  
Francis S. Codjoe ◽  
Eric S. Donkor
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Microbiological Methods

Enteric bacteria are commonly implicated in hospital-acquired or nosocomial infections. In Ghana, these infections constitute an important public health problem but little is known about their contribution to antibiotic resistance. The aim of the study was to determine the extent and pattern of antibiotic resistance of enteric bacteria isolated from patients and environmental sources at the Accra Psychiatric Hospital. A total of 265 samples were collected from the study site including 142 stool and 82 urine samples from patients, 7 swab samples of door handle, and 3 samples of drinking water. Enteric bacteria were isolated using standard microbiological methods. Antibiograms of the isolates were determined using the disc diffusion method. Overall, 232 enteric bacteria were isolated. Escherichia coli was the most common (38.3%), followed by Proteus (19.8%), Klebsiella (17.7%), Citrobacter (14.7%), Morganella (8.2%), and Pseudomonas (1.3%). All isolates were resistant to ampicillin but sensitive to cefotaxime. The resistance ranged from 15.5% to 84.5%. Multidrug resistance was most prevalent (100%) among isolates of Proteus and Morganella and least prevalent among isolates of Pseudomonas (33.3%). Multidrug resistance among enteric bacteria at the study hospital is high and hence there is a need for screening before therapy to ensure prudent use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Türkiye’de 2019 Yılı İçinde İzole Edilen Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae İzolatlarında Karbapenemaz Epidemiyolojisi

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Serap Süzük Yıldız ◽  
Hüsniye Şimşek ◽  
Zekiye Bakkaloğlu ◽  
Yasemin Numanoğlu Çevik ◽  
Can Hüseyin Hekimoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Antibiotic resistance is one of the most important public health problem and one of the most critical steps in preventing resistance is the monitorization of the resistance. Local, regional and global monitoring enables the spread of antibiotic resistance to be understood more clearly. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the results of the pilot study for the establishment of molecular-based carbapenem surveillance system in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and to investigate the carbapenemase epidemiology in Turkey. Hospitals (n= 28) from 26 different statistical level II regions from Turkey were included in the study. The hospitals participated in the study submitted ten carbapenem susceptible and ten carbapenem resistant E.coli and K.pneumoniae isolates to our laboratory that were isolated in two different periiods of six-month either between 1 March-31 August or 1 April-30 September 2019. A total of 509 isolates were collected from 26 of the 28 participating hospitals in the study. Isolates were identified by matrix assisted laser desorptionization-time of flight mass spectrophotometry (MALDI TOF MS) (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) method and antibiotic susceptibility tests for imipenem, meropenem and colistin were studied by broth microdilution. Moreover, susceptibilities to amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, ertapenem, gentamicin, piperacillin-tazobactam, tobramycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were determined by disc diffusion method. The resistance genes were investigated in isolates which were found to be phenotypically resistant to carbapenem and colistin, in house method was used to investigate carbapenemase genes and a commercial colistin resistant real-time PCR kit (Biospeedy, Turkey) was used for colistin resistance genes. In total, 493 of the 509 isolates collected from hospitals were identified as E.coli (25.7%, n= 127) and K.pneumoniae (74.3%, n= 366) and included in the study. It was determined that 31% of the isolates evaluated were from community-acquired infections and 69% were either from healthcare-associated infections or from colonization sites. Among the tested isolates, 248 (50.3%) were susceptible to carbapenems and 245 (49.7%) were resistant. The types of carbapenemases in carbapenemase-producing isolates were OXA-48 (52.2%), KPC (16.1%), NDM-1 (15%), OXA-48 + NDM-1 (12.6%), KPC + NDM-1 (2.8%) and VIM (0.5%) and OXA-48+VIM (0.5%). Resistance to colistin was detected in 23.3% of the isolates but mcr1-8 genes were not detected. It was found that all colistin resistant isolates are resistant to at least one of the carbapenems. The importance of a molecular-based antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in our country was demonstrated with this pilot study. It is thought that continuous monitoring of these epidemiological features will contribute to the management of infections due to carbapenemase-producing organisms.

Yeasts as Primary Contaminants in Yogurts Produced Commercially in Lagos, Nigeria

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
MINABELEMA DUBLIN GREEN ◽  
STELLA N. IBE
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Candida Lusitaniae ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Initial Contamination

Yogurt samples purchased from a dairy industry, retail outlets, and hawkers in Lagos, Nigeria, were plated on potato dextrose agar containing 100 μg of chloramphenicol/ml and found to contain Candida lusitaniae, C krusei, C rugosa, Kluveromyces fragilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the primary yeast contaminants. Sixty-seven percent of the samples had yeast counts in the range of 104–106 cfu/ml. C. lusitaniae, K. fragilis and C. krusei had the highest counts and occurrence of 65, 48 and 51%, respectively, in 100 random yogurt samples. C. lusitaniae attained the highest count in yogurts stored at 10°C and C. krusei in those at 30°C. Ninety percent of the samples had less than 10 coliforms or staphylococci per ml, whereas 20% had over 103 psychrotrophic bacteria per ml. Molds of Aspergillus sp. and Neurospora sp. were isolated mainly from the strawberry-fluid yogurt. The starter cultures, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, were present in the ratio of 1:1 and reached maximum growth levels of 107 to 108 cfu/ml after 4 to 8 d of storage at 10°C, whereas the yeast continued to increase beyond this level by the 12th day. The extent of contamination observed suggests high initial contamination level and improper refrigeration of yogurts marketed.

scholarly journals Yogurt Produced by Novel Natural Starter Cultures Improves Gut Epithelial Barrier In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Popović ◽  
Emilija Brdarić ◽  
Jelena Đokić ◽  
Miroslav Dinić ◽  
Katarina Veljović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Product ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Health Promoting

Yogurt is a traditional fermented dairy product, prepared with starter cultures containing Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus that has gained widespread consumer acceptance as a healthy food. It is widely accepted that yogurt cultures have been recognized as probiotics, due to their beneficial effects on human health. In this study, we have characterized technological and health-promoting properties of autochthonous strains S. thermophilus BGKMJ1-36 and L. bulgaricus BGVLJ1-21 isolated from artisanal sour milk and yogurt, respectively, in order to be used as functional yogurt starter cultures. Both BGKMJ1-36 and BGVLJ1-21 strains have the ability to form curd after five hours at 42 °C, hydrolyze αs1-, β-, and κ- casein, and to show antimicrobial activity toward Listeria monocytogenes. The strain BGKMJ1-36 produces exopolysaccharides important for rheological properties of the yogurt. The colonies of BGKMJ1-36 and BGVLJ1-21 strains that successfully survived transit of the yogurt through simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions have been tested for adhesion to intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. The results reveal that both strains adhere to Caco-2 cells and significantly upregulate the expression of autophagy-, tight junction proteins-, and anti-microbial peptides-related genes. Hence, both strains may be interesting for use as a novel functional starter culture for production of added-value yogurt with health-promoting properties.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus stability in commercially available yogurts in Sri lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
JGS Ranasinghe ◽  
WTR Perera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Stability

Aims and Objectives: Common starter cultures found in fermented milk products are Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. The viability of these bacteria is important in order to gain health benefits. It is important to investigate the stability of commercially available yogurts with respect to starter cultures and the quality.Materials and Methods: Yogurt samples were collected from highly marketed different brands designated as A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H from different areas from Sri Lanka. MRS and M17 agar were used to enumerate L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus respectively and a pH change was measured.Results: The pH values decreased significantly and only two of these products maintained 106 cfuml-1 viable count of L. bulgaricus till the end of the shelf life. All products showed the highest number of S. thermophilus.Conclusion: The pH of the yoghurts significantly change with the storage. For optimum benefits, the yogurt products should be consumed within seventh to fourteenth day from its manufacturing date. Only two of the yoghurt products maintained 106 cfuml-1 viable count of L. bulgaricus till the end of the expiry.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 97-101

scholarly journals Dengue: awareness, preventive practices and water storage behaviour in an urban community of Delhi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4460
Author(s):  
Priya Arora ◽  
Manisha Arora ◽  
Vishal Sharma ◽  
Atul Kotwal
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Dengue Control

Background: Dengue, an arboviral disease transmitted by Aedes egypti mosquito, has become an important public health problem, with almost half the population of the world being at risk. Community awareness and involvement for vector control is an important aspect of disease prevention and control. The aims and objective was to assess awareness and preventive practices used for dengue and related water storage behaviour in an urban area of Delhi. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross sectional study. Results: Awareness about dengue fever and its mode of spread is quite high but the participants are not aware about the practices that are putting their surroundings at risk of vector breeding; especially when it comes to water storage behaviour. Conclusions: Behaviour change at individual and community level is essential for vector and hence dengue control, adoption of proper preventive practices and water storage behaviour needs to be emphasized at the community level. 

scholarly journals Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria Starter Cultures on Vitamin and Oligosaccharide Composition of Milk Extracted from Three Common Bean (Phaselous Vulgaris L) Varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Calvince Anino ◽  
Arnold Onyango ◽  
Samuel Imathiu ◽  
Julius Maina
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Raffinose Oligosaccharides ◽  
B Complex Vitamins

Fermented foods have in recent times attracted consumer interest mainly due to perceived health benefits of probiotic microorganisms. This study characterized changes in the concentrations of selected B-complex vitamins and oligosaccharides of common bean milk during fermentation by a common dairy starter culture, YF L-903 (Streptococcus thermophilus + Lactobacillus Bulgaricus subs Debulgaricus), and three probiotic cultures namely ABT (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 + Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 + Streptococcus thermophilus), Yoba (Lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba + Streptococcus thermophilus), and Yoba Fiti (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR1 + Streptococcus thermophilus). Bean milk was prepared from three common bean varieties. It was found that, apart from thiamine (vitamin B1) and riboflavin (vitamin B2), fermentation with each of the mixed cultures caused significant increase in the vitamin B complex. Significant reductions (p<0.05) in the oligosaccharides concentration of the bean milks were observed upon fermentation. Highest reduction in the oligosaccharide sugars of 77.8% was found in milk from pinto bean variety fermented with ABT culture. These findings suggest that LAB probiotic cultures have a potential for improving biosynthesis of vitamins and removal of the verbascose, stachyose and raffinose oligosaccharides, thus making the product more digestible and the nutrients more bioavailable.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated from Uninary Tract Infected Patients Attending Bir Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Raj Sharma ◽  
Dwij Raj Bhatta ◽  
Jyotsna Shrestha ◽  
Megha Raj Banjara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Growth

Correction: on 23/08/2014, the spelling of 'Uninary' in the title was changed to 'Urinary'.Antibiotic resistance among uropathogens is emerging public health problem. This study was done for assessing antibiotic and multidrug resistance (MDR) patterns of Escherichia coli at Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, among suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) patients from January to March, 2011. Altogether, 739 urine samples were analysed by semi-quantitative culture method and uropathogens were identified by conventional methods. E. coli was tested (109 samples) for antimicrobial susceptibility by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Out of 739 samples, 27.3% gave significant growth of E. coli while 3.1% and 29.2% samples gave mixed and non-significant growth respectively. E. coli was found to be most predominant isolate (54.0%) followed by coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) (21.3%) and Enterococcus spp. (7.3%). Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective antibiotic followed by ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin while cephalexin was least effective. Out of 109 E. coli isolates, 90.8% were MDR strains and most of the isolates had a very high multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index, suggesting the origin of the isolates to be of high antibiotic usage. E. coli showed higher rate of resistance towards commonly used oral antibiotics. However, nitrofurantoin is still active against organisms. Thus, nitrofurantoin could be the choice for empirical therapy of UTI. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 1 (2013) 177-184 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i1.8938

scholarly journals Faktor Lingkungan Fisik Rumah, Respon Biologis dan Kejadian TBC Paru di Indonesia

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
A.H. Mahpudin ◽  
Renti Mahkota
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Study Results

Sampai kini, Tuberkulosis (TBC) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting di dunia. Menurut laporan WHO, di seluruh dunia setiap tahun ditemukan sekitar 8 juta kasus baru. Indonesia merupakan negara penyumbang kasus TBC terbesar ketiga setelah India dan Cina dengan perkiraan jumlah kasus pada 2003 adalah 627.047 penderita dan 281.946 kasus merupakan TBC paru BTA positif. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi lingkungan rumah, faktor sosial ekonomi dan faktor respon biologis terhadap kejadian TBC paru BTA positif pada penduduk dewasa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Survei Prevalensi TBC Nasional dan Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2004 dengan rancangan studi kasus kontrol dengan rasio kasus dan kontrol 1:4. Populasi penelitian ini adalah penduduk berumur 15 tahun keatas. Sampel adalah responden Susenas 2004 sebanyak 380 orang yang terdiri dari 76 kasus dan 304 kontrol. Kasus adalah penduduk dewasa yang didiagnosis TBC berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan sputum BTA positif. Kontrol adalah penduduk yang yang berasal dari kecamatan yang sama dengan kasus dengan hasil BTA negatif. Ditemukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TBC Paru adalah sumber kontak serumah OR 3,46 (1,316;9,091) kondisi rumah yang berlantai tanah OR 2,2 (1,135;4,269) dan pendapatan perkapita OR 2,145 (1,249;3,683). Disarankan untuk melaksanakan program penemuan kasus secara aktif khusus untuk masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah, terutama untuk deteksi dini, pengobatan secara cepat dan tepat, melaksanakan program penemuan kasus secara aktif, dan program rumah sehat masyarakat miskin.Kata kunci : Lingkungan fisik rumah, sosial ekonomi, respon biologis, tuberkulosisAbstractGlobally, Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem until today. Based on WHO report, about 8 millions of new TB cases are found every year. Indonesia is the third biggest contributor country of TB cases after India and China with estimated number of 627.047 infected and 282.946 with positive smear test (BTA) in 2003. The objective of this study is to understand the relationship between house environment condition, socio-economic factor, biological response and TB. This study used secondary source of data from National TB Prevalence Survey (SPTBC) and National Social and Economic Survey (Susenas) in 2004. The study design used is case control study, with ratio of case and control of 1:4. The study population is >15 years old age group. The number of sample is 380 persons, consisting of 76 cases and 304 controls. Cases are people with positive sputum test and controls are people with negative sputum test selected randomly. The study results show that factors associated with TB are the presence of contact source in one house with OR 3.46 (1.316-9.091), condition of the house with soil floor OR 2.2 (1.135-4.269) and private income OR 2.145 (1.249-3.683). According to those findings, it was recommended to the policy maker to conduct active case finding program for the low-income group of people, early detection, quick treatment, active case finding program, and healthy housing for the poor.Keywords: House physical environment, social and economic factor, biological response, tuberculosis

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Microbial Characteristics of Yogurt with Added Saccharomyces Boulardii

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Niamah
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Ph Values

The effect of adding Saccharomyces boulardii on yogurt quality was studied. Yogurt control was made using whole cow’s milk and classic starter culture. Other three treatments of yogurt were made by adding 1%,2% and 3% of Saccharomyces boulardii with yogurt starter. pH values and proteolytic activity of all yogurt treatments were determined during fermentation time. Changes in physicochemical and microbial properties of yogurt product were observed during storage time (21 days at 4°C). Yogurt samples with added yeast to starter cultures showed a slight increase in pH values during the 6 hours of fermentation. After fermentation time, pH and proteolytic activity of yogurt with 3% yeast were 4.05 and 250 μg/ml while control sample was 4.22 and 200 μg/ml respectively. pH, TN, WSN, TVFA and WHC values of yogurt with Saccharomyces boulardii were slightly increased whereas decreased the STS percentage compare with control yogurt without yeast during storage time. The addition of Saccharomyces boulardii improved the survivability of bacterial starter culture. After 21 day, Saccharomyces boulardii counts were 5.78, 6.01 and 6.31 Log. CFU/gm for yogurt with 1%,2% and 3% yeast respectively whereas Log. lactic acid bacteria of yogurt with 3% yeast was 7.53 and 7.55 for Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document