Antihyperglycemic, Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Properties of Smilax wightii A.DC. : an Endemic Plant of Western Ghats

2020 ◽  
pp. 584-589
Author(s):  
Athira V. Anand ◽  
T. S. Swapna
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Viability Percentage

Phytotherapy is an inevitable companion of human civilization. Smilax wightii is an ethnomedicinal plant in Smilacaceae, with unexplored scientifically therapeutic potential. The antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and hepatoprotective capabilities of the methanolic extract of leaf, stem, rhizome and root of S. wightii were inspected in the present study. Hyperglycemia is a manifestation of the prevalent metabolic disorder, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Inhibitors of α –glucosidase and α – amylase could be efficiently employed in diabetes mellitus therapy as hypoglycemic agents. In the α –glucosidase and α – amylase inhibitory assays, root and rhizome extracts recorded better antihyperglycemic activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity were the parameters employed to determine the antioxidant activity. Hepatoprotectivity determines the capability of samples to safeguard the hepatocytes from damage. Novel hepatoprotective agents are in demand since the incidence of liver impairment is on a high among global population. The rhizome extract showed comparatively superior hepatoprotectivity followed by the leaf, stem and root extracts. Rhizome, at 100μg/ml guaranteed a cell viability percentage of 77.43 in the Chang liver cell line treated with Carbon tetrachloride. So the root and rhizome of S. wightii are the therapeutically significant plant parts with hypoglycemic, free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective potentialities.

Antioxidant and Antiradical Activities of Wu Ling Shen in a Cell Free System

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (04) ◽  
pp. 815-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huey-Jiun Ko ◽  
Airong Song ◽  
Min-Nan Lai ◽  
Lean-Teik Ng
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Free System ◽  
Medicinal Fungus ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
A Cell

The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antiradical activities of Wu Ling Shen, a popular medicinal fungus (Xylaria nigripes) used in traditional Chinese medicine preparations. Two different X. nigripes materials, the cultivated X. nigripes mycelia (XN) and a commercial X. nigripes product (XNP), were used to prepare the aqueous (XN-H vs. XNP-H) and ethanol (XN-E vs. XNP-E) extracts for this study. Polyphenol and total polysaccharide contents of these extracts were also examined. Results showed that extracts of XN possessed stronger antioxidant and antiradical activities than XNP in all tested model systems. However, all extracts exhibited a weak activity in metal chelation and reducing power. Total antioxidant activity of XN extracts (IC50 6.20 μg/ml for XN-H and 5.41 μg/ml for XN-E), but not XNP extracts (IC50 128.13 μg/ml for XNP-H and 96.16 μg/ml for XNP-E), was more potent than Trolox (IC50 19.64 μg/ml) and vitamin C (IC50 26.39 μg/ml). XN-E (IC50 5.12 μg/ml) and XNP-E (IC50 8.89 μg/ml) possessed a relatively similar potency as that of positive controls (IC50 6.94 μg/ml for Trolox and 4.25 μg/ml for vitamin C) in the superoxide radical scavenging activity. Although the DPPH radical scavenging of XN extracts was weaker than that of Trolox and vitamin C, it was about eight times more potent than that of XNP extracts. In ABTS assay, both XN and XNP extracts exhibited a moderate ABTS radical scavenging activity. Among the different extracts, XN-E showed the highest total flavonoid (32.69 mg/g) and phenol (59.75 mg/g) contents, while XNP-H (7.50% w/w) had the highest level in total polysaccharide content. These results conclude that XN-E possesses the most potent antioxidant and antiradical activities, and that these activities could be derived from its high polyphenol content, but not the level of polysaccharides.

scholarly journals Free Radicals Scavenging Capacity, Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Activities of Flavonoid-Rich Fractions from Leaves ofTrichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceain an Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiessoun Konaté ◽  
Kassi Yomalan ◽  
Oksana Sytar ◽  
Patrice Zerbo ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging

Trichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceatraditional Burkinabe medicinal plants were investigated to determine their therapeutic potential to inhibit key enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism, which has relevance to the management of type 2 diabetes.In vitroandin vivoantioxidant and antihypertensive potential and antilipidemia and antihyperglycemia activities in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus have been studied. The antioxidant activity of the flavonoids from leaves ofTrichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceahas been evaluated usingβ-carotene-linoleic acid system, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitory activity, chelation of iron (II) ions, and lipid peroxidation which showed more pronounced antioxidant capacities ofTrichilia emetica. Total cholesterol concentrations decreased in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus under effects of flavonoid-rich fractions from leaves ofTrichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceahas been observed. Extract of flavonoid-rich fractions fromTrichilia emeticashown maximum radical scavenging activity and possessed marked antiamylase activity which may be due to the presence of certain secondary metabolites. Suggested better antihyperglycemia, antilipidemia, and antihypertensive properties of flavonoid-rich fractions fromTrichilia emeticacompared to the extract ofOpilia amentaceaare demonstrating antidiabetic potential ofTrichilia emeticaas therapeutic targets for the management of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder, Uji Antimikroba dan Antioksidan Ekstrak Akar Gantung Hornstedtia Scyphifera Var. Fusiformis Holttum (Sijangkang)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Adlis Santoni ◽  
Mai Efdi ◽  
Akmel Suhada
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum is endemic plant of Zingiberaceae family that distributed in Sumatera. Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum contained some secondary metabolite such as phenolic, saponin, triterpenoid and alkaloid. The biological activity of methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts from Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum suspended roots was tested for antibacterial and antioxydant activity. Antioxidant activity was analized by DPPH method. The antibacterial activity  was tested by used disk difussion method againts Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria). Almost all of Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum suspended roots extract were given antibacterial activity, nonetheless the biggest inhibition zone of Escherichia coli that was inhibited by n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts which have inhibition zone 10 mm at  concentration 500 mg/L and also againts Staphylococcus aureus, the biggest inhibition by ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts which have inhibition zone 10.30 mm at concentration 500 mg/L. Among all extracts tested, methanol extract of the possessed moderate free radical scavenging activity with IC50 = 51.89 mg/L.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium fumiculosum

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Jakovljevic ◽  
Jasmina Milicevic ◽  
Jelica Stojanovic ◽  
Slavica Solujic ◽  
Miroslav Vrvic
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Chelating Ability

The aim of this study was to investigate the biological and chemical activity on two species of fungi of the genus Penicillium isolated from wastewater. On the selected species of fungi the different antioxidant activity assays were carried out: DPPH free-radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, Fe2+- chelating ability and Fe3+- reducing power. Total phenol content was also determinate for ethanolic extract of mycelia. Penicillium chrysogenum ethanolic extract contained higher total phenolic content and better total antioxidant capacity as well as ferrous ion chelating ability. Penicillium fumiculosum ethanolic extract showed higher DPPH free-radical scavenging activity, as well as reducing power. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that two types of fungi are potential new sources of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Changes in Metabolisms of Antioxidant and Cell Wall in Three Pummelo Cultivars during Postharvest Storage

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Liang ◽  
Jiang ◽  
Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pectate Lyase ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Juice Sacs

The juice sacs of pummelo fruit is susceptible to softening during storage at 25 °C, which causes quality deterioration and flavor loss during postharvest pummelo storage. This study investigated the changes in metabolisms of antioxidant and cell wall in juice sacs of three pummelo cultivars—Hongroumiyou (HR), Bairoumiyou (BR) and Huangroumiyou (HuR)—during postharvest storage. The results revealed that, with the extension of storage, the juice sacs of three pummelo cultivars exhibited a decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity; a decline in total phenols (TP) content and an increase firstly then a decrease in total ascorbic acid (TAA) content; and a decrease in lipoxygenase (LOX) activity and a rise initially, but a decline in activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Additionally, increased water-soluble pectin (WSP), but declined propectin, ionic-soluble pectin (ISP) and chelator-soluble pectin (CSP); as well as an increase from 0 d to 60 d then followed by a decline in activities of pectinesterase (PE), polygalacturonase (PG) and pectate lyase (PL) were observed. These results suggested that the metabolisms of antioxidant and cell wall could result in softening and senescence of pummelo fruit.

Chemical Composition of Essential Oil, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Anti-obesity, and Neuroprotective Properties of Prangos gaubae

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Babak Bahadori ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Shahram Bahadori ◽  
Filippo Maggi ◽  
Leila Dinparast
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Chemical composition of essential oil and the potential of Prangos gaubae for the management of public health problems such as Alzheimer's disease, obesity, Diabetes mellitus, and skin diseases were evaluated for the first time. In this direction, enzyme inhibitory effects, antioxidant activity, and total bioactive contents of the plant were determined. EO showed high acetylcholinesterase (2.97 mg GEs/g oil), α-amylase (1.35 mmol ACEs/g oil), α-glucosidase (38.84 mmol ACEs/g oil), and lipase (1.59 mmol OEs/g oil) inhibitory activities. Moreover, strong antioxidant effects were observed in antiradical (DPPH and ABTS), reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP), total antioxidant, and metal chelating assays. Methanol extract exhibited promising DPPH radical scavenging activity (0.47 mmol TEs/g extract) and also high reducing power in CUPRAC (0.89 mmol TEs/g extract) and FRAP (0.52 mmol TEs/g extract) assays. All extracts showed low total flavonoid but high total phenolics content. Furthermore, they exhibited strong skin-care effect in tyrosinase inhibition assay. EO analysis showed the presence of germacrene D (26.7%), caryophyllene oxide (14.3%), ( E)-caryophyllene (13.8%), and spathulenol (11.3%) as the major volatile components. Results indicated that P. gaubae has promising potential for possible uses in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its valuable phytoconstituents and biological activities.

Non-Phenolic Antioxidant Compounds from Buddleja asiatica

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mortada M. El-Sayed ◽  
El-Sayed S. Abdel-Hameed ◽  
Wafaa S. Ahmed ◽  
Eman A. El-Wakil
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Total Antioxidant

The methanol extract of the leaves of Buddleja asiatica Lour. (Loganiaceae) showed antioxidant activity toward the well known in vitro antioxidant tests such as total antioxidant capacity by the phosphomolybdenum method, free radical scavenging activity by the 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay (DPPH assay) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging methods. Due to the high scavenging activity of the n-butanol successive fraction toward DPPH and H2O2 (SC50 = 11.99 and 18.54 μg/ml, respectively), this extract was subjected to chromatographic separation and isolation. Four non-phenolic compounds were isolated and identified on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical analyses: 1-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl- 2-methoxy-3-(2-hydroxy-triaconta-3,12-dienoate)-glycerol (1), 3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl- (1→4)-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-[ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-ß-d-fucopyranosyl-olean- 11,13(18)-diene-3ß,23,28-triol (2), 3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-ß-d-glucopyranosyl- (1→4)-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-ß-d-fucopyranosyl-olean-11,13(18)-diene-3ß,23,28-triol (3), and 3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-[ß-d-xylopyranosyl- (1→2)]-ß-d-glucuronopyranosyl-acid-olean-11,13(18)-diene-3ß,23,28-triol (4). The four compounds were evaluated as antioxidant agents using the three antioxidant bioassay tests.

scholarly journals Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Potential Exerted by Millet Grain Varieties

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Kwame Ofosu ◽  
Fazle Elahi ◽  
Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri ◽  
Ramachandran Chelliah ◽  
Hun Ju Ham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ic50 Values

This study evaluated the potential antioxidant and antidiabetic properties in vitro of four millet grain varieties cultivated in South Korea. The free fractions were tested for their total antioxidant capacity using 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays, followed by α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formation inhibition assays. The total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins in the free fractions ranged from 107.8 to 136.4 mg ferulic acid equivalent (FAE)/100 g, 101.3 to 115.8 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, and 17.65 to 59.54 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, respectively. Finger Italian millet had the highest total phenolic content (136.4 mg FAE/100 g) and flavonoid content (115.8 mg CE/100 g). Barnyard and finger Italian millet showed the highest DPPH (IC50 = 359.6 µg/mL and 436.25 µg/mL, respectively) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 362.40 µg/mL and 381.65 µg/mL, respectively). Similarly, finger Italian millet also exhibited significantly lower IC50 values for the percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase (18.07 µg/mL) and α-amylase (10.56 µg/mL) as compared with acarbose (IC50 = 59.34 µg/mL and 27.73 µg/mL, respectively) and AGEs formation (33.68 µg/mL) as compared with aminoguanidine (AG) (52.30 µg/mL). All eight phenolic compounds identified in finger Italian millet were flavonoids, with flavanols being the predominant subclass. Taken together, millet flavonoids play important roles in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes, and hence finger Italian millet has the potential to be developed as a functional food.

scholarly journals Antiradical Activities and Cytotoxic Effects of Phlomis Brevibracteata Turrill on SK-HEP-1 Adenocarcinoma Cell Line

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Imge Kunter ◽  
Niloofar Zabib ◽  
Kelly Randmae ◽  
Mahshid Dabeshlim ◽  
Muberra Kosar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Phenolic Extract

The present study investigates the total phenol amount, radical scavenging and anticancer activity of methanolic extract of Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill (PBT) leaves; an endemic plant of North Cyprus. The antiradical activity and cytotoxicity of 70% methanolic extract of PBT leaves were analyzed by the implementation of DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity tests and MTT assay, respectively. Our results showed significant antiradical scavenging activity in the total phenolic content of the PBT leaves. MTT assay proved potent cytotoxic activity against SK-HEP-1 cell line not only for 70% methanolic extract of PBT, but also for gallic acid and caffeic acid constituents of the total phenolic extract.

scholarly journals Re-evaluation of ABTS•+ Assay for Total Antioxidant Capacity of Natural Products

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Wei Dong ◽  
Le Cai ◽  
Yun Xing ◽  
Jing Yu ◽  
Zhong-Tao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Stable Free Radical ◽  
Abts Assay ◽  
Total Antioxidant

2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation (ABTS•+) is a stable free radical frequently used for estimating the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of natural products. The existing methods for ABTS•+ radical-scavenging activity assays are diverse in pre-diluting solvents and reaction time, which lead to errors in the TAC estimations. To develop an effective and universal method for estimating the ABTS•+ capacity accurately and reasonably, five pre-dilution solvents [methanol, ethanol, phosphate buffer (Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4, 200 mM, pH = 7.4), PBS buffer (Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4-NaCl, 200 mM, pH = 7.4), and distilled water] and different reaction times were investigated in ABTS•+ assays of five typical antioxidants. The results showed that the solvent effects were very significant. When using different pre-diluting solvents, different detection wavelengths should be selected. ABTS-+ assay could be measured within 2–10 min to obtain a rough result, which was mostly 6 min in the literature. However, full and accurate evaluation of antioxidant reactivity rather than capacity requires recording ABTS•+ loss continuously during the whole reaction period. The present study makes a recommendation for estimating the ABTS•+ capacity accurately and reasonably.

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