Features response and course of typical pathological processes in burn disease in puberty

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Anastasia Grigorievna Vasilyeva ◽  
Evgeny Vladimirovich Zinoviev ◽  
Denis Valerievich Kostyakov
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Almost All

In response to burn injury in the body of the child in puberty naturally develop typical pathological processes, which include almost all organs and systems, leads to severe disruption of homeostasis failure of adaptive mechanisms. Burn is the most powerful stress factor that causes changes in the body that are typical of the general adaptation syndrome. The main pathogenesis and peculiarities of typical pathological processes in burn disease significantly affected are determined by the endocrine system. Produce hormones are involved not only in the starting mechanism, but also in the development of compensatory-adaptive reactions, mobilizing the body's protective properties. Thus, a feature of adolescence is that at this age the body undergoes a qualitative change to the restructuring of all systems. There are significant morphological and functional restructuring of important metabolic processes in the body organs like the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid and pancreas, characterized by high activity of metabolic processes, strengthening of cell and tissue differentiation, intensification of regenerative processes. The consequence is excessive functional activity of organs and systems at rest, associated with low and often paradoxical reactivity to external shocks, including a burn injury, which leads to a decrease in functional and adaptive capabilities of the organism adolescents. All these features to consider when choosing the strategy of surgical treatment of persons puberty, burn victims.

Burns

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Bhananker ◽  
Paul Bhalla
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
The Body ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Anesthesia Providers ◽  
Catabolic State

Burns injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. A significant burn injury affects every major organ system of the body. Initial management focuses on resuscitation along the ABCDE approach, with particular vigilance for the possibility of airway burn causing progressive edema and narrowing. Smoke inhalation is associated with carbon monoxide poisoning and possible cyanide toxicity. Fluid management depends on accurate estimation on the extent of the burn and use of a formula to calculate infusion rate, with careful monitoring of end-organ perfusion. Significant burn injuries are associated with hypermetabolic changes and a catabolic state, and burn victims are at high risk of developing sepsis. Treatment of a burn injury with debridement and skin grafting can involve multiple visits to the operating room with frequent need for sedation and anesthesia. Providers need a thorough understanding of potential anesthetic issues in burn-injured pediatric patients.

scholarly journals The features оf immunopathogenesis of sepsis and immunodiagnostics in severely burned patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
E. V. Zinoviev ◽  
A. V. Dergunov ◽  
M. G. Kobiashvili ◽  
V. F. Mitreikin ◽  
K. S. Shulenin
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Early Sepsis ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Microsoft Office

Intention. To study the possibility of predicting early burn sepsis based on the content of proinflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with extensive burns.Methodology. The study included 60 patients (of them 37 men) aged 21 to 58 years (mean age 46.8 ± 9.3 years) with extensive skin burns (Degree III burns by ICD 10 from 20 to 60 %, average 34.1 %, of the body surface). Depending on the skin area affected and the course of burn disease, the patients were divided into three groups, each of 20 patients: group 1 - the course of burn disease without early sepsis, burn area from 21 to 40 % of the body surface; group 2 - the course of burn disease without early sepsis, burn area from 41 to 60 % of the body surface; group 3 - the early burn sepsis, burn area of 20 to 60 % of the body surface. To achieve the goal of the study, all the patients underwent sequential peripheral blood sampling 24 and 72 hours after a burn injury. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFa were analyzed in the obtained samples. Data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS 20.0 by methods of descriptive and non-parameter statisticsResults and Discussion. The analyzed indicators statistically significantly correlated with the severity of burn injury and the likelihood of burn sepsis. Decreased concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα within Days 1-3 after getting a burn suggest a relatively favorable course of burn disease. No significant positive dynamics of these laboratory parameters may indicate a high probability of developing early burn sepsis.Conclusion. Concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and, especially, TNFα in the peripheral blood make it possible to predict early burn sepsis.

scholarly journals Intestinal fatty acid binding protein as a marker of damage intestinal barrier in children with burn injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Ольга Владимировна Костина ◽  
Елена Анатольевна Галова ◽  
Владимир Израильевич Ашкинази ◽  
Ирина Геннадьевна Стрелкова
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Burn Disease

Introduction. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) can serve as one of biomarkers of the damage to the intestinal mucosa in burned children occupying a special place among the complications and causes of their death. Materials and methods. There were examined 24 children with burns from 20% to 80% of the body surface. Blood serum I-FABP and lactate levels were determined during both the acute period of burn disease and septicotoxemia. Results. In the acute period wide variations in I-FABP values (from 22.67 to 385.18 pg/ml) were demonstrated. During the septicotoxemia I-FABP level increased by an average of 1.4 times, reflecting intestinal cell damage. Children with a burn area >40% had a higher I-FABP level during all follow-up periods compared to children with a burn ≤ 40%. In the acute period there was a positive correlation between the lactate and I-FABP levels. During the septicotoxemia, despite the increase of lactatemia and I-FABP level, this relationship was absent. The maximum increase in I-FABP level was observed in patients with complications of burn disease on the part of the intestine (duodenitis, bulbitis, stress ulcers) and with the development of sepsis. Conclusion. It seems promising to further study this biomarker in order to timely diagnose increased intestinal permeability in children with thermal trauma and develop proper treatment tactics to prevent possible complications, such as intestinal erosive and ulcerative bleeding, the development of bacterial translocation, sepsis and multi-organ failure syndrome.

The effect of hyperoxia on the hemostasiological status of severely burned patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 666-672
Author(s):  
M. V. Presnyakova ◽  
V. I. Zagrekov ◽  
O. V. Kostina ◽  
Artem Sergeevich Pushkin ◽  
V. L. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Burn Shock ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Von Willebrand

The state of the hemostasis system was studied in 9 patients of the middle age group (44 ± 9.94 years) who received thermal trauma on an area of more than 32% (49.4 ± 18.3) of the body surface, accompanied by the development of burn shock. The standard therapy for burn injury was supplemented with HBO sessions. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen was carried out in pressure chambers BLKS-307, BLKS-307/1. The state of the coagulation, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic links of the hemostasis system, as well as the viscoelastic properties of the blood, were assessed immediately before the HBO session and immediately after it. The total number of comparison pairs was 45. Under the influence of HBO therapy, there was an increase in the activity of antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C (PrS) and a decrease in the viscoelastic properties of blood (p <0.05). Positive deviations in the values of ATIII, Pr C, von Willebrand factor, APTT, prothrombin and thrombin time, fibrinogen, factor XIII, XIIa-dependent fibrinolysis, D-dimers and thromboelastography parameters were revealed. The maximum frequency of their occurrence was recorded for ATIII (95%), the minimum - for the D-dimer (62%). After HBO procedures, undesirable deviations of the hemostatic system parameters were also noted. They were chaotic, were compensated by an increase in the activity of physiological anticoagulants and were not accompanied by complications of a thrombogenic nature. Thus, conducting HBO therapy sessions in the acute period of burn disease increases the activity of physiological anticoagulants and stabilizes the viscoelastic properties of blood. There is a high frequency of occurrence of positive effects of hyperoxia on the components of the hemostasis system. The identification of its undesirable effects indicates the need to monitor the state of the hemostasis system during HBO procedures.

scholarly journals The problem of control of zeranol – a growth promoter of ruminant in beef

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (88) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
V. Salata
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine System ◽  
Test System ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Processing Plants

With the intensification of livestock breeding and the growing demand for meat in the population, producers in order to increase the productivity of farm animals widely apply various feed additives: amino acids, minerals, enzymes, hormones, tranquilizers, antibacterial substances, antioxidants, flavors, dyes, etc. Hormonal supplements or growth promoters used in feeding farm animals, leads to a violation of metabolic processes in the body of animals and poultry, while there are changes in the structure and chemical composition of the biological value of meat. The consumption of such products by a person affects metabolic processes of the organism, hormonal background, endocrine system, breaking the work of the organism as a whole. The purpose of the work was to conduct a search to determine the presence of zeranol, a growth stimulator for ruminants in beef, which arrives at the slaughter shops of the Ternopil and Lviv regions. The determination of zeranol in meat was carried out using a test system for the enzyme immunoassay of RIDASCRIN® Zeranol (manufactured by Ar-Biopharm / R-Biopharm, Darmstadt, Germany). It was found that on average 36% of the samples of beef carcasses entering for processing contained a stimulant for the growth of the mass of ruminant synthetic stimulant-anabolic zeranol, that is below the detection limit of zeranol 0.062 μg/kg. Detected samples, in which the content of zeranol was lower than the limit of this method, indicates that, according to the sensitivity of this method, these tests were attributed to negative ones, that is, zeranol is absent. Two companies with the highest levels of zeranol were also found: it is a beef of MP “Plai”, and PE “Fedoriv”. Consequently, it is recommended that monitoring, sampling and selection of beef meat at meat processing plants be carried out in order to establish safety indicators, in particular, the content of zeranol. Planned monitoring will monitor and analyze the situation with regard to zeranol in Ukraine. The problem of food safety and the assessment of potential risks of meat is extremely complicated and requires the introduction of requirements for the control of this synthetic drug in the normative legal acts of Ukraine. It is also proposed to conduct research on the development of methods for reducing the quantitative content of zeranol in beefmeat during its refrigeration.

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OUTCOMES OF ELECTRIC BURN INJURY AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Saraswat ◽  
Ashok Yadav ◽  
Krishna Kumar Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrical Injury ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Social Burden

Background- Electric burns and injuries are the result of electric current passing through the body. Temporary or permanent damage can occur to the skin, tissues, and major organs. Methods- This prospective study was carried out on patients admitted in burn unit of department of surgery M.G. Hospital associated with Dr. S.N. Medical College Jodhpur. Records of the patients admitted from January 2018 to December 2018 were studied. Bed head tickets of the patients evaluated in detail. Results- In our study out of 113 patients maximum no. of patients were in age group of 21-30 years 44 (38.94%) followed by age group <11 years in 21 (18.58%) patients and age group of > 60 years in only 3 (2.65%).39 (34.51%) patients were farmer and 15 (13.27%) were electrician in out of 113 total patients, while 37 (32.74%) were without any occupation. 65 (57.52%) cases of high voltage (HV) electrical injury and 48 (42.48%) cases were of low voltage (LV) electrical injury. Conclusion- Morbidity leading to permanent disabilities make the person physically dependent on others. It can be prevented by educating the people about the proper handling to electric circuits & devices. Proper communication among the electricians may help in lowering such accidents. Proper rehabilitation of the handicapped person & employment to the member of the affected family may reduce the social burden caused by such electricity concerned accidents.

Digestibility of nutrients and milk productivity of cows when using the concentrate mixture with the inclusion of rapeseed presscake

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
L. Yarmots ◽  
G. Yarmots ◽  
A. Belenkaya
Keyword(s):  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Experimental Group

For ruminants, especially high-yielding animals in addition to the complete supply of animals with protein, its digestibility in the rumen is important. With low protein digestibility in the rumen, the released ammonia will be more effectively used by the rumen microflora, and the undigestible protein in the subsequent sections of the digestive tract can serve as a source of amino acids for the body. The use of concentrate mixtures with the inclusion of local, affordable and cheaper grain feeds, in particular a high-energy and protein ingredient- rapeseed presscake makes it possible to increase the milk productivity of cows throughout lactation. These presscakes are well balanced in their amino acid composition and belong to feeds whose protein has a low degree of digestibility in the rumen. The purpose of the researches was to study the digestibility of nutrients and milk productivity of cows when using the concentrate mixture with the inclusion of rapeseed presscake. In the scientific and economic experiment has been carried out on lactating cows, where the cows of the experimental group in the concentrate mixture of peas has been replaced with rapeseed presscake the digestibility of nutrients in the ration, energy metabolism and milk productivity have been studied. Studies have shown that almost all the nutrients were significantly better digested by the animals of the experimental group. Energy in milk was more allocated by cows of the experimental group by 6,29 MJ. From cows of the experimental group for 100 and 305 days of lactation has been obtained more milk by 6,27 and 7,06 %, respectively, than from control herdmates. The biochemical parameters of blood were within the limits of the physiological norm in animals of both groups. Thus, the replacement of peas with rapeseed presscake in the concentrate mixture did not have a negative influence on the metabolic processes and helped to increase the milk productivity of cows.

Melatonin Modulates Lactation by Regulating Prolactin Secretion Via Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Neurons in the Hypothalamus- Pituitary System

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 744-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyang Li ◽  
JingyaWei ◽  
Fengtao Ma ◽  
Qiang Shan ◽  
Duo Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stimulation Of

In-depth studies have identified many hormones important for controlling mammary growth and maintaining lactation. One of these is melatonin, which is synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland to regulate circadian rhythms, improve antioxidant capacity, and enhance immunity. Prolactin is secreted by the pituitary gland and is associated with the growth and development of mammary glands as well as initiation and maintenance of lactation. The hypothalamus-pituitary system, the most important endocrine system in the body, regulates prolactin secretion mainly through dopamine released from tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons. This review provides a reference for further study and describes the regulation of lactation and prolactin secretion by melatonin, primarily via the protection and stimulation of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons.

scholarly journals Sepsis as a Pan-Endocrine Illness—Endocrine Disorders in Septic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2075
Author(s):  
Weronika Wasyluk ◽  
Martyna Wasyluk ◽  
Agnieszka Zwolak
Keyword(s):  
Host Response ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Hypothalamic Amenorrhea ◽  
Somatotropic Axis ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Triiodothyronine Concentration

Sepsis is defined as “life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection”. One of the elements of dysregulated host response is an endocrine system disorder. Changes in its functioning in the course of sepsis affect almost all hormonal axes. In sepsis, a function disturbance of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis has been described, in the range of which the most important seems to be hypercortisolemia in the acute phase. Imbalance in the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis is also described. The most typical manifestation is a triiodothyronine concentration decrease and reverse triiodothyronine concentration increase. In the somatotropic axis, a change in the secretion pattern of growth hormone and peripheral resistance to this hormone has been described. In the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, the reduction in testosterone concentration in men and the stress-induced “hypothalamic amenorrhea” in women have been described. Catecholamine and β-adrenergic stimulation disorders have also been reported. Disorders in the endocrine system are part of the “dysregulated host response to infection”. They may also affect other components of this dysregulated response, such as metabolism. Hormonal changes occurring in the course of sepsis require further research, not only in order to explore their potential significance in therapy, but also due to their promising prognostic value.

Clinical Utility of an Exoskeleton Robot Using 3-Dimensional Scanner Modeling in Burn Patient: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Young Joo ◽  
Seung Yeol Lee ◽  
Yoon Soo Cho ◽  
Sangho Yi ◽  
Cheong Hoon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
3D Technology ◽  
Early Management ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Exoskeleton Robot ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Upper Limb Dysfunction

Abstract Hands are the part of the body that are most commonly involved in burns, and the main complications are finger joint contractures and nerve injuries. Hypertrophic scarring cannot be avoided despite early management of acute hand burn injuries, and some patients may need application of an exoskeleton robot to restore hand function. To do this, it is essential to individualize the customization of the robot for each patient. Three-dimensional (3D) technology, which is widely used in the field of implants, anatomical models, and tissue fabrication, makes this goal achievable. Therefore, this report is a study on the usefulness of an exoskeleton robot using 3D technology for patients who lost bilateral hand function due to burn injury. Our subject was a 45-year-old man with upper limb dysfunction of 560 days after a flame and chemical burn injury, with resultant impairment of manual physical abilities. After wearing an exoskeleton robot made using 3D printing technology, he could handle objects effectively and satisfactorily. This innovative approach provided considerable advantages in terms of customization of size and reduction in manufacturing time and costs, thereby showing great potential for use in patients with hand dysfunction after burn injury.

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