scholarly journals Degradation of Methyl Parathion by a Soil Bacterial Isolate: A Pot study

1970 ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Archana Mishra ◽  
Jamaluddin Khan ◽  
A. K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Safe Technology ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Attractive Option

The indiscriminate use  of chemicals fertilizers and pesticides have not only deteriorated   the environment but also the groundwater resources as well .Their intensive consumption   causes   deleterious effects on plant, animal and aquatic ecosystems thereby causing serious problems related to health.   Since these  are one of the  factors  which are  responsible for  the contamination of air, water and terrestrial ecosystems and also  the cause of   disruption of biogeochemical cycling,  it is extremely important to bring down ,the toxicity  levels  that these chemicals impose on the environment, by the use of effective technology, which  is    cost effective and safe. It has been suggested that biodegradation becomes an attractive option for destruction of pesticides since it utilizes a natural process and offers the potential for being cost effective as well as safe technology Thus the present study deals with the isolation and   use indigenous bacteria for degradation of  an organophosphorous pesticide- methyl parathion  present in the soil samples which were collected from the pesticide contaminated agricultural field.

3D printing in pharmacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Yuliya Prozherina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Combination Drugs ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Research Stage

3D printing of drugs is an innovative and cost-effective technology, which is a major step towards personalized medicine. This technology can be used for the development of controlled-release drugs; fixed-dose combination drugs, as well as for the creation of orodispersible dosage forms. The global 3D drug market is still largely at the research stage, but its rapid growth is expected in the coming decade [1].

scholarly journals Sprouting of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench): Effect of Drying Treatment on Protein and Starch Features

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Marchini ◽  
Alessandra Marti ◽  
Claudia Folli ◽  
Barbara Prandi ◽  
Tommaso Ganino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Drying Treatment ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
The One ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The nutritional and physicochemical properties of sorghum proteins and starch make the use of this cereal for food production challenging. Sprouting is a cost-effective technology to improve the nutritional and functional profile of grains. Two drying treatments were used after sorghum sprouting to investigate whether the drying phase could improve the protein and starch functionalities. Results showed that the drying treatment at lower temperature/longer time (40 °C for 12 h) extended the enzymatic activity that started during sprouting compared to the one performed at higher temperature/shorter time (50 °C for 6 h). An increased protein hydrolysis and water- and oil-holding capacity were found in the flour obtained by the former treatment. Higher protein matrix hydrolysis caused high exposure of starch to enzymes, thus increasing its digestibility, while worsening the technological functionality. Overall, modulating drying conditions could represent a further way, in addition to sprouting, to improve sorghum flour’s nutritional profile.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Toxic Metals: A Sustainable Green Solution for Clean Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10348
Author(s):  
S. M. Omar Faruque Babu ◽  
M. Belal Hossain ◽  
M. Safiur Rahman ◽  
Moshiur Rahman ◽  
A. S. Shafiuddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Green Solution

Contamination of aquatic ecosystems by various sources has become a major worry all over the world. Pollutants can enter the human body through the food chain from aquatic and soil habitats. These pollutants can cause various chronic diseases in humans and mortality if they collect in the body over an extended period. Although the phytoremediation technique cannot completely remove harmful materials, it is an environmentally benign, cost-effective, and natural process that has no negative effects on the environment. The main types of phytoremediation, their mechanisms, and strategies to raise the remediation rate and the use of genetically altered plants, phytoremediation plant prospects, economics, and usable plants are reviewed in this review. Several factors influence the phytoremediation process, including types of contaminants, pollutant characteristics, and plant species selection, climate considerations, flooding and aging, the effect of salt, soil parameters, and redox potential. Phytoremediation’s environmental and economic efficiency, use, and relevance are depicted in our work. Multiple recent breakthroughs in phytoremediation technologies are also mentioned in this review.

scholarly journals Automated Quality Assessment of Crops Using CNN - Keras

2021 ◽  
pp. 641-645
Author(s):  
Meghashree ◽  
Alwyn Edison Mendonca ◽  
Ashika S Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Image Classification ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Plant Leaf

Plant disease is an on-going challenge for the farmers and it has been one of the major threats to the income and the food security. This project is used to classify plant leaf into diseased and healthy leaf,to improve the quality and quantity of agricultural production in the country. The innovative technology that helps in improve the quality and quantity in the agricultural field is the smart farming system. It represented the modern method that provides cost-effective disease detection and deep learning with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has achieved large successfulness in the categorisation of different plant leaf diseases. CNN reads a really very larger picture in a simple way. CNN nearly utilised to examine visual imagery and are frequently working behind the scenes in image classification. To extract the general features and then classify them under multiple based upon the features detected. This project will help the farmers financially in increasing the production of the crop yield as well as the overall agricultural production. The paper reviews the expected methods of plant leaf disease detection system that facilitates the advancement in agriculture. It includes various phases such as image preprocessing, image classification, feature extraction and detecting healthy or diseased.

Flipchip Bonding of Si Chip on Flexible PEN Foil using Novel Electronic 100 μm Pitch Fan-out Circuitry

2007 ◽  
Vol 1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen van den Brand ◽  
Erik Veninga ◽  
Roel Kusters ◽  
Tomas Podprocky ◽  
Andreas Dietzel
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Density ◽  
Polyethylene Naphthalate ◽  
Electronic Circuitry ◽  
Effective Technology

AbstractA novel, cost effective technology to manufacture high density embedded electronic circuitry is demonstrated. The process consists of laser photoablation of the circuitry into a substrate through a mask and subsequent filling using a polymer thick film paste. Because the volume of the substrate is used it is possible to make thick and thereby highly conductive lines using low cost materials and processes. The process is demonstrated for a fan out circuitry in 100 µm thick polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). The fan out circuitry has linewidths of 50 µm and line spacings of 100 µm. The usability of the circuitry is demonstrated by the successful flipchip bonding of a thinned Si daisy chain dummy chip with 176 IO's.

Flow Channelization Method to Enhance Transformer Radiator Cooling Capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhashish Dasgupta ◽  
Anurag Nandwana ◽  
K. Ravikumar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Convection ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Convection Cooling

Abstract Most oil-cooled equipment like transformers are provided with radiators or heat exchangers, for the heated oil to exchange heat with the surrounding air by natural convection cooling, assisting the overall cooling process. While such radiators are effective accessories in controlling equipment temperature rise, it is ever desirable to further enhance the cooling capacity by design modifications or incorporating simplistic and cost-effective cooling technologies. In this study, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis has been performed to evaluate the possibility of improving radiator performance by flow channelizing structures. Significant benefits (up to 17% increase in heat transfer coefficient) of imposing such structures, like a top chimney and an enclosure surrounding the radiator, were obtained. Although several past studies have confirmed that natural convection cooling effect can be intensified by flow channelization, the phenomenon is unique to a particular application. Given the wide variety in applications, in terms of shape, size, and structural features, it is necessary to study the effect in a given application of interest. This study points to a new direction in enhancing the cooling capacity of transformer radiators, inducing flow channelization, an easy-to-implement and cost-effective technology. Further, the study offers interesting learnings regarding flow channelization effects, which are invaluable guidelines for designers of future radiators.

The spatio-temporal evolution of groundwater dependent precipitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Passet ◽  
Lan Wang-Erlandsson ◽  
Yoshihide Wada ◽  
Agnes Pranindita ◽  
Agatha De Boer
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Groundwater Availability ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Selection Of

<div><span>A<strong> </strong>substantial portion of groundwater abstracted from aquifers is used for irrigation and evaporated to the atmosphere, potentially contributing towards downwind precipitation. While the fate of evaporation fluxes from land have been analysed, the atmospheric pathways of evaporation originating from groundwater have not yet been globally quantified. This study analysed the geographical distribution, the seasonality and the magnitude of groundwater-dependent precipitation (Pgw) </span><span>at a global scale and for a selection of countries and river basins. The Eulerian moisture tracking WAM-2layers model was used to process meteorological and groundwater abstraction input data from 1980 to 2010.  Results show considerable contributions of groundwater to precipitation downwind of the most heavily irrigated areas, leading to net groundwater losses over these areas. Globally, 40% of the Pgw </span><span>precipitates directly in the oceans, and do not contribute to biomass production in terrestrial ecosystems. Some of the countries with the highest rates of groundwater abstraction (India, the USA, Pakistan and Iran), receive low volumes of Pgw </span><span>and are net losers of groundwater resources. The countries with the highest net gain of groundwater are China, Canada and Russia. At river basin scale, the Indus, Ganges and Mississippi basins are net losers of groundwater to downwind Pgw</span><span>, while the Yangtze, Tarim and Brahmaputra basins receive more Pgw </span><span>than their groundwater withdrawals. The share of precipitation that originates from groundwater varies considerably with seasons, and can be especially high when low local precipitation levels occur in combination with high upwind groundwater abstraction. Furthermore, precipitation dependence on </span><span>groundwater (ρgw)</span><span>, has steadily increased between 1980 to 2010 in all studied areas and globally. Our study suggests that the countries and basins with a high and increasing dependency on ρgw </span><span>to support their precipitation can be vulnerable to groundwater availability upwind.</span></div>

Deployment of Cost-Effective Technology to De-Oiling, De-Salination and Utilizing West Kuwait Effluent Water, KOC

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad A. Al-Maheimid ◽  
Fatma M. Al-Kandari ◽  
Hamad S. Al-Ajmi ◽  
Hamed Al-Mazidi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Effective Technology
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