Impact of a synthetic insecticide and plant extracts on Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and coccinellid species in common beans

Bean crop is attacked by several phytophagous insects, affecting its production and causing losses to farmers. Among the insects considered as bean crop pests, aphids can cause economic damage by continuously sucking the plant sap throughout crop development. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the control of Aphis craccivora on bean crop with insecticides and its effect on the presence of ladybugs. The tested products were: 1) imidacloprid + bifenthrin; 2) neem extract; 3) d-limonene, and, as a control treatment, water was applied. Insect mortality and the presence of ladybugs were checked every three days until harvest. There was a reduction in the population of aphids after the application of the products for up to 27 days. The presence of ladybugs was higher in the control treatment than in the treatments with insecticides. Thus, the tested products were considered potential in the control of A. craccivora. However, they also negatively affected the presence of coccinellids.

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Behavior-based control of insect crop pests

10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sandra A. Allan

Keyword(s):

Insect Pests ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Insect Behavior ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Mass Trapping ◽

Ecological Traits ◽

Crop Pests ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Crop Development

Manipulation of insect behavior can provide the foundation for effective strategies for control of insect crop pests. A detailed understanding of life cycles and the behavioral repertoires of insect pests is essential for development of this approach. A variety of strategies have been developed based on behavioral manipulation and include mass trapping, attract-and-kill, auto-dissemination, mating and host plant location disruption, and push-pull. Insight into application of these strategies for insect pests within Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera/Thysanoptera are provided, but first with an overview of economic damage and traditional control approaches, and overview of relevant behavioral/ecological traits. Then examples are provided of how these different control strategies are applied for each taxonomic group. The future of these approaches in the context of altered crop development for repellency or as anti-feedants, the effects of climate change and the risks of behaviorally-based methods are discussed.

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Potency of Three Botanical Oils Against the Aphis Craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) Nymphs Under Laboratory Conditions

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v19i1.54785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 139-154

Author(s):

MA Hossain ◽

MS Yasmin ◽

MAA Bachchu ◽

MA Alim

Keyword(s):

Treatment Time ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Tween 20 ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽

Insect Mortality ◽

Oil Repellent ◽

Swietenia Mahagoni

Botanicals are promising and attractive alternatives for pest management. In the present study, three botanical oils namely neem (Azadirachta indica), karanja (Pongamia pinnata) and mehogony (Swietenia mahagoni) were tested against the nymphs of Aphis craccivora Koch to evaluate the toxic and repellent effects under laboratory conditions (25 ± 5oC, 65-75% RH). Four concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) along with control were maintained with distilled water and tween-20 was used as emulsifier. Leaf dipped method were used for insect bioassay. Insect mortality was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 hours after intervals while repellency was carried out at 2 hours after intervals upto 10th hours and the collected data were analyzed through MSTAT-C program. Results indicated that all the tested oils had toxic and repellent effects against the A. craccivora nymphs. Among the tested botanical oils, no significant difference was observed in terms of mortality over treatment time. But significant difference was noticed over level of concentrations exerted by the botanical oils. The average highest mortality (28.62%) was recorded by the application of mehogony oil whereas neem oil showed the lowest mortality (27.21%) against the A. craccivora and the mortality was directly proportional to the level of concentrations and hour after treatment (HAT). Probit analysis showed the lowest LD50 values of mehogony oil which revealed the highest toxic effect against the nymph of bean aphid. The highest repellent effect (77.33%) was found in mehogony oil (repellent class IV) among all the botanical oils applied. On the contrary, neem (57.33%) and karanja (55.00%) oils belonged to the same repellent class that is repellent class II. Although all the tested botanical oils evaluated showed toxic and repellent effects but mehogony oil performed as the best potent oil against the nymphs. We therefore suggested using the mehogony oil for the management of bean aphid. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 139-154 (2021)

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Population dynamics of Aphis craccivora (Koch) and its natural enemies on bean crop in relation to weather parameters in Vadodara, Gujarat, India

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr.v0iof.10282 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Ruchika Kataria ◽

Dolly Kumar

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

High Temperature ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Aphid Population ◽

Agricultural Fields ◽

Biotic Factors ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽

Weather Parameters ◽

Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽

Bean Crop

The studies on the population dynamics of Aphis craccivora (Koch) were conducted during 2008-2011. This pest is a serious pest in the agricultural fields of Vadodara, India. The results showed that the aphid population was higher in the month of September to January on bean crop. The maximum population of Aphis craccivora (Koch) was seen in the month of January to March. The correlation of the aphid population was done with abiotic and biotic factors. The aphid population was showing positive correlation with high temperature and the population of predators and other associated insect was showing negative correlation with minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. Hence the information contained in this paper lead to the identification of the proper integrated pest management (IPM) practises for Aphis craccivora (Koch) management.

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Effect of seed treatment with insecticides on the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico ◽

10.1590/1808-1657000332018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yago Barros Triboni ◽

Luciano Del Bem Junior ◽

Carlos Gilberto Raetano ◽

Matheus Mereb Negrisoli

Keyword(s):

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Fall Armyworm ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Thiophanate Methyl ◽

Crop Development ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

ABSTRACT Fall armyworm is one of the main insect pests in Brazil. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the seed treatment effect on the control of Spodoptera frugiperda in initial infestations of soybean crops. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates of six insecticide treatments applied through seed treatment: imidacloprid plus thiodicarb at the dose of 52.5 plus 105 g a.i. (active ingredient) 100 kg-1 of seed (Cropstar® 0.350 L 100 kg-1 of seed); thiamethoxam at 105 g a.i. 100 kg-1 of seed (Cruiser 350 FS® 0.3 L 100 kg-1 of seed); chlorantraniliprole at 62.5 g a.i. 100 kg-1 of seed (Dermacor® 0.1 L 100 kg-1 of seed); cyantraniliprole at 120 g a.i. 100 kg-1 of seed (Fortenza 600 FS® 0.2 L 100 kg-1 of seed); fipronil plus pyraclostrobin and thiophanate-methyl 50 + 5 + 45 g a.i. 100 kg-1 of seed (Standak Top® 0.2 L 100 kg-1 of seed), and a control treatment. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. Diamide insecticides (chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole) presented the best results among all treatments, with lower consumption of the treated leaves by the caterpillars and greater control efficacy of this insect. We verified that seed treatment is a viable alternative for controlling S. frugiperda at the beginning of crop development, when the caterpillar presents the behavior of cutting the seedlings and/or the consumption of leaf area, causing a reduction in the plant population and a consequent yield loss.

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Efficiency of botanical extracts against Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) nymphs in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

EntomoBrasilis ◽

10.12741/ebrasilis.v13.e910 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. e910

Author(s):

Jefferson Auteliano Carvalho Dutra ◽

Victor Emmanuel de Vasconcelos Gomes ◽

Ervino Bleicher ◽

Deivielison Ximenes Siqueira Macedo ◽

Mirla Maria Mesquita Almeida

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Block Design ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Field Trials ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Nerium Oleander ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽

Botanical Extracts

The present study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of hydroalcoholic plant extracts on Aphis craccivora Koch nymphs in cowpea. The experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions in a randomized block design with five repetitions. Hydrated ethanol was used as a solvent in the botanical extract preparation. Cowpea plants were infested with five female adult aphids, eleven days after planting. After 48 hours, the adults were removed from the plants, leaving the recently bred nymphs. The evaluation of the nymphs’ survival was carried out forty-eight 48 hours after the application of the plant extracts. The botanical extracts with more than 50% efficiency were: Allium tuberosum leaf, Caesalpinia ferrea leaf, Piper aduncum leaf, Carica papaya seed, Dieffenbachia picta leaf, Cucurbita moschata seed and the control treatment, Annona squamosa seed. The botanical extracts with less than 50% efficiency were: Allium sativum bulb, Anacardium occidentale leaf, Borreria verticillata leaf plus flower, Coffea arabica leaf and seed, Delonix regia leaf and flower, Euphorbia tirucalli leaf, Leucaena leucocephala leaf, Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia leaf, Nerium oleander leaf, Syzygium cumini leaf, endocarp and pericarp, Syzygium malaccense leaf, Zingiber officinale rizome and Ziziphus joazeiro leaf. The highest efficiency levels were obtained by D. picta and C. moschata, rendering these extracts suitable for field trials to further evaluate their efficieny against the cowpea black aphid.

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Extracts of native forest species of the southern amazon in the control of Aphis craccivora koch (Hemiptera: aphididae)

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-48182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. e37018

Author(s):

Laura Araujo Sanches ◽

Simone de Bitencourt Oliveira ◽

Mariane Kaori Sasaya ◽

Juliana Garlet

Keyword(s):

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Native Forest ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Forest Species ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽

Petri Dishes ◽

And Control

The objective of this study was to evaluate the mortality of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) submitted to different extracts with different concentrations of leaves of the native forest species: Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart (Burseraceae), Metrodorea flavida K. Krause (Rutaceae) and Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) AC Sm (Celastraceae) under laboratory conditions. Adults of Aphis craccivora were collected in Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunthe Walp. (Fabaceae), and separated into groups of ten individuals, transferred to Petri dishes and exposed to topical application of aqueous, alcoholic and leaf infusion extracts of Cheiloclinium cognatum, Metrodorea flavida and Tetragastris altissima. The extracts were applied at concentrations of: 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15%, with 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), using a control treatment 1 (distilled water + DMSO 1%) and control treatment 2 (fipronil). Evaluations were performed at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the application of the extracts by counting the dead insects. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replicates, three types of extracts and five concentrations with controls. In all the studied species, the aqueous and infusion extracts presented a lower mortality (less than 52%), whereas the alcoholic extract in higher concentrations of Cheiloclinium cognatum, Metrodorea flavida showed a mortality of up to 100%. The species Tetragastris altissima reached an average mortality of 92%. The lethal concentration for the alcoholic extract of Cheiloclinium cognatum was LC50 6.43% and LC90 12.22%, Metrodorea flavida LC50 was 3.08% and LC90 7.05% and that for Tetragastris altissima LC50 5.58% and LC90 17.47%, after 72 hours. The use of the alcoholic extract of the species Metrodorea flavida at a concentration of 9% in the control of Aphis craccivora is indicated.

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Comparative Efficacy of Jatropha curcas L. Seed Powder for the Control of Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) on Stored Bambaranut, Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt

Nigeria Journal of Entomology ◽

10.36108/nje/0202/63.01.21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 103-112

Author(s):

S. A Dattijo

Keyword(s):

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Adult Mortality ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Vigna Subterranea ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Synthetic Insecticide ◽

Seed Damage ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Callosobruchus Subinnotatus ◽

Better Than

The study was to assess insecticidal effectiveness of Jatropha curcas L. seed powder on Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) infesting stored bambaranut, Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt. The experiment was laid out in a factorial design of 4×2 levels (seed powder at the rates of 0.0, 0.5. 1.0 and 1.5 g, with and without addition of the synthetic insecticide at 0.01 g/20 g bambaranut seed) and laid out in a completely randomized design, in three replicates. Results obtained showed lowest oviposition, progeny emergence and seed damage (5.33, 1.58 and 1.83, respectively) in bambaranut seeds admixed with 1.0 g of the seed. Although, statistically similar to all other treatments, it was significantly (P≤0.001) better than the control treatment in which 33.83 eggs were laid and 24.08 adults emerged from 22.92 emergence holes. In addition, at six (6) days after treatment, highest adult mortality rate (99.17%) similar to that (99.17%) obtained in the synthetic insecticide was also recorded in seeds treated with 1.0 g seed powder. However, all other treatments were also significantly better than the control, in which 72.50% of the introduced bruchids died. Comparatively, lowest rate of seed damage (6.68%) and lasting effect was also obtained with the addition 1.0 g seed powder. In conclusion, appreciable level of protection on bambaranut seeds was achieved using seed powder of J. curcas. Therefore, it is recommended that for effective management of C. subinnotatus infesting bambaranut, farmers could use 5 Kg seed powder on 100 Kg bambaranut seeds.

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INSECTICIDAL EVALUATION OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF INDIGENOUS PLANTS IN COMPARISON WITH SYNTHETIC INSECTICIDE FOR THE MANAGMENENT OF THRIPS Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysnaoptera; Thripidae) IN TOMATO CROP

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH ◽

10.28941/pjwsr.v27i3.974 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 431-441

Author(s):

Amjad Usman ◽

Hina Gul ◽

Karishma Karishma ◽

Seema Zubair

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Spray Application ◽

Green Lacewing ◽

Indigenous Plants ◽

Neem Extract ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Ladybird Beetle ◽

Synthetic Insecticide ◽

Tomato Yield ◽

Scirtothrips Dorsalis

Insecticidal evaluation of aqueous extracts of indigenous plant extracts in comparison with synthetic insecticide against Thrips (Scirotothrips dorsalis) on tomato was conducted under natural field condition during spring 2019. Experiment consists of 8 treatments (neem extract, tobacco extract, garlic extract, datura extract, lantana extract, eucalyptus extract, flonicamid (synthetic insecticide) and control following RCB Design with 3 replications. Treatments were applied thrice after 15 days interval. Results revealed that the three times application of the tested treatments showed varying toxicity against S. dorsalis 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days after spray applications while ladybird beetle and green lacewing were also significantly affected when recorded 7 days after spray application. However, Flonicamid 50%WG proved to be the most effective till 7th and had lowest pest population followed datura and neem extract. neem extract in all the three spray application . Garlic and eucalyptus also produced significant results compared to control. Neem, tobacco, datura and flonicamid were found to be comparatively more hazardous to ladybird beetle and green lacewing population compared to eucalyptus, garlic and lantana to in all three spray application. Tomato yield was highest with flonicamid (12533 kg/ha) followed by datura and neem (11810 kg/ha and 11300 kg/ha) respectively, while lowest (8133 kg/ha) in control. It is concluded from the current research that flonicamid performed better against S. dorsalis but comparatively more hazardous to natural enemies however lantana, garlic and eucalyptus extract showed better result against S. dorsalis and comparatively safe towards natural enemies thus recommended to be incorporated in IPM program.

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EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA DALAM PENGENDALIAN KUTU DAUN PADA FASE VEGETATIF TANAMAN TERUNG

Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia ◽

10.31186/jipi.20.1.1-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Riski Ramadhona ◽

Djamilah Djamilah ◽

Mukhtasar Mukhtasar

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Crop Damage ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Cotton Aphid ◽

Insect Mortality ◽

Synthetic Pesticides

[EFFICACY OF PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT IN CONTROLLING COTTON APHID DURING VEGEATIVE GROWTH STAGE OF EGGPLANT]. Cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) can cause serious economic losses in the eggplant production. The application of synthetic pesticides can be effective in controlling the pest but it may not be the best solution for the human health and environment. Botanical pesticides have long been known for their potential as the alternative to synthetic pesticides for crop protection with reduced risk to human health and environmental hazard. Objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of papaya leaf extract solutions in controlling cotton aphid and their effect on the vegetative growth of eggplant. Papaya leaf extract solutions differing in concentration (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were sprayed onto aphid infested eggplants to observe the insect mortality, crop damage, and the lethal concentration at LC50 and LC90. The mortality of aphid was significantly increased following the application of papaya leaf extract, with the highest mortality (91.33%) was found on the concentration of 50%. The lethal concentrations of the extract causing 50% (LC50) and 90% (LC90) aphid mortality were 9.98% and 41.99%, respectively. As compared to the control treatment, the crop damage was significantly reduced by the application of the papaya leaf extract solution.

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Thermal risk for common beans due to high temperatures in three counties of Rio Grande do Sul state

Ciência e Natura ◽

10.5902/2179460x40430 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e108

Author(s):

Guilherme Masarro Araujo ◽

Sidinei Zwick Radons ◽

Lana Bruna de Oliveira Engers ◽

Fábio Miguel Knapp ◽

Felipe Puff Dapper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Average Frequency ◽

Common Beans ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

Thermal Risk ◽

Maximum Air Temperature ◽

Bean Crop

Common beans are an important protein source for human diet. Much cultivated in small farms it is considered a subsistence crop, employing little cultivation technology. It presents a high susceptibility to temperatures above 28 °C in reproductive periods, causing abortion of plant parts due to the high temperature triggering the plant ethylene synthesis. The agroclimatic zoning for culture does not emphasis on air temperature, which affects the crop. With these assumptions, the aim of this work was to evaluate the high temperature thermal risk for the bean crop in Cruz Alta, Passo Fundo and São Luiz Gonzaga. From the maximum air temperature data obtained since 1961, we obtained the average frequency of days at which the maximum air temperature was equal or greater than 28 °C in ten-day periods. The bigger thermal risk was found in the third ten-day period of January and in the last ten-day period of December. Passo Fundo showed the better thermal conditions for bean crop. São Luiz Gonzaga, even during periods not indicated for the culture, during winter, still showed happen at least one day of thermal risk.

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