scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Mikroalga Blooming dalam Produksi Bioethanol tanpa Proses Hidrolisis (Utilization of Blooming Microalgae in Bioethanol Production without Hydrolysis Process)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Astri Rinanti ◽  
Ronny Purwadi
Keyword(s):  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Hydrolysis Process

<p><span><span><span><span><em>Blooming </em><span>mikroalga dalam suatu perairan dapat menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan ekosistem akibat <span>terhalangnya penetrasi sinar matahari, yang pada akhirnya dapat mengakibatkan ekosistem perairan <span>tidak dapat berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan dengan <span>memanfaatkan kelimpahan mikroalga <span><em>blooming </em><span>sebagai bahan baku bioenergi dalam rangkaian penelitian <span>mengenai bioflokulasi yang dapat memberikan efek efisiensi dalam proses pembentukan bioenergi. <span>Penelitian pada skala laboratorium ini menitikberatkan pada produksi pati yang dapat diubah menjadi <span>bioethanol melalui tahap hidrolisis yang dilanjutkan dengan tahap fermentasi. Hasil penelitian <span>menunjukkan bahwa banyaknya pati tanpa proses hidrolisis lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan <span>banyaknya pati akibat proses hidrolisis. Proses fermentasi pada suhu kamar tetap menghasilkan pati.<br /><span>Namun demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa produksi bioethanol tanpa penambahan senyawa kimia <span>dalam proses hidrolisis dan berlangsungnya proses fermentasi pada suhu kamar tetap berpotensi untuk <span>meningkatkan kelayakan ekonomi dalam rangkaian proses pembentukan bioenergi, sebagai kelanjutan<br /><span>dari proses pemanenan secara bioflokulasi.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><br /><span><em><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> blooming mikroalga, bioflokulasi, bioenergi, bioethanol, pemanenan</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

scholarly journals Design Process of Hydrolysis and Fermentation Bioethanol Production from Seaweed Eucheuma cottonii to Renewable Energy Sovereignity

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Wagiman . ◽  
Makhmudun Ainuri ◽  
Rinda Gusvita ◽  
Jumeri .
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Fermentation Efficiency ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
High Reduction ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii ◽  
Fermentation Substrate

<p>The aim of this research was study of E. cottonii to produce bioethanol fermentation substrate with a high reduction sugar content and low Hidroxymethilfurfural (HMF). Fermentation done by instant yeast and Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture of FNCC 3012.The best treatment was obtained in the combination of 2% of H2SO4 by time reaction of 120 minutes in 80°C produced 15.61 g/l reducing sugar and 5.03 g/l HMF. In fermented process, the hydrolysate with instant yeast starter delivered much more efficiency in 3.63 ml CO2 volume, 87.53% in fermentation efficiency, and 1.96 g/l reducing sugar on fifth day of fermentation. <br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: bioethanol, Eucheuma cottonii, fermentation, hydrolysis, process design</p>

scholarly journals ENZIMATIC HYDROLYSIS PROCESS FOR INCREASING GLUCOSE LEVELS FROM COCONUT HUSK WASTE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dwi Anna Anggorowati ◽  
Sriliani Sriliani ◽  
Anis Artiyani ◽  
Harimbi Setyawati ◽  
Kevin J
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Cellulase Enzymes ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Coconut husk waste is waste that has not been used optimally, generally only as a craft material. Seeing the composition of coconut husk, it has the potential to be used as an alternative fuel, one of which is to produce bioethanol products. The purpose of this research was to utilize coconut husk waste as raw material for bioethanol production and to assess the effect of the number of enzymes and time of hydrolysis on the glucose levels produced. In this research, the authors focused on obtaining glucose levels from coconut husks by hydrolysis using cellulase enzymes with an activity of 700 EGU/g. The variations used in this research were the volume of cellulase enzymes (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) ml and the hydrolysis time (4, 8, 12) hours. After the coconut husk undergoes physical and chemical treatment using 10% NaOH, there is a decrease in lignin levels from 44% to 14% and there is an increase in cellulose levels from 24% to 38%, and the use of a cellulase enzyme volume of 2 ml with a hydrolysis time of 4 hours was more optimal with a glucose level of 0.32%.

scholarly journals BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM COCONUT HUSK USING THE WET GAMMA IRADIATION METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Putra Oktavianto ◽  
Risdiyana Setiawan ◽  
Ilhami Ariyanti ◽  
Muhammad Fadhil Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Ethanol Ethanol ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Low Dosage

BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM COCONUT HUSK USING the WET GAMMA IRRADIATION METHOD. The use of coconut husk has only been used as a material for making handicrafts such as ropes, brooms, mats, and others or just burned. The combustion of coconut husk can cause air pollution. In fact, coconut husk can be used as a raw material for bioethanol production so that the beneficial value of coconut husk will also increase. One way of bioethanol production from coconut husk is by irradiating the coconut husk. The coconut husk irradiation technique to be carried out in this study is the wet irradiation technique. Wet irradiation is carried out to accelerate the process of bioethanol production because at the time of irradiation, cellulose has been hydrolyzed and glucose has been formed so that it is more efficient in time and use of the material so that the cellulose hydrolysis process is not necessary. The coconut husk samples were wet because they were mixed with 4% NaOH and were irradiated using a gamma irradiator from STTN-BATAN Yogyakarta with a dose of 30 kGy and 50 kGy and 0 kGy (or without irradiation). Then the sample is fermented with the fungus Saccharomyces Cerevisiae from tape yeast to form ethanol. Ethanol is purified and then analyzed for concentrations using pycnometric and refractometric methods. The result is that the highest ethanol content is without irradiation (0 kGy), this is due to the low dosage used. However, the main point in this wet method research is evidence of hydrolysis of cellulose by the formation of gluoxane after irradiated wet coconut husk, and with Fehling A and B analysis, brown deposits are seen proving that glucose has been formed.

scholarly journals Making Bioethanol From Cocoa Fruit Skin Waste By Hydrolysis Process Using Trichoderma Viride Mold

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Tiska Oktavianis ◽  
Sofiyanita Sofiyanita
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Fruit Waste

Cocoa fruit skin is one of the agricultural wastes can be used as raw material for bioethanol production. Because the cocoa fruit waste containing 39.45% crude fiber and 3.92% glucose. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of optimization of yeast and fermentation time to produce maximum ethanol content. In this study the hydrolysis process cocoa leather is done using fungi Trichoderma viride and fermentation process using yeast Saccharomyses cerevisiae. While for bioethanol concentration measurements performed using vinometer. The results showed that bioethanol fermentation time for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days using yeast levels 2, 4, 6 and 8 grams produce maximum ethanol fermentation at 3 days and 6 grams yeast levels. Produced a maximum ethanol content of 12%.

scholarly journals Bioconversion of Sweet Sorghum Residues by Trichoderma citrinoviride C1 Enzymes Cocktail for Effective Bioethanol Production

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1292
Author(s):  
Anna Kancelista ◽  
Joanna Chmielewska ◽  
Paweł Korzeniowski ◽  
Wojciech Łaba
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Crude Enzyme Extract ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Enzyme Cocktail ◽  
The One ◽  
Trichoderma Citrinoviride ◽  
The Cost

Improved cost-effective bioethanol production using inexpensive enzymes preparation was investigated. Three types of waste lignocellulosic materials were converted—for the production of enzyme preparation, a mixture of sugar beet pulp and wheat bran, while the source of sugars in hydrolysates was sweet sorghum biomass. A novel enzyme cocktail of Trichoderma citrinoviride C1 is presented. The one-step ultrafiltration process of crude enzyme extract resulted in a threefold increase of cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities. The effectiveness of enzyme preparation, compared to Cellic® CTec2, was tested in an optimized enzymatic hydrolysis process. Depending on the test conditions, hydrolysates with different glucose concentrations were obtained—from 6.3 g L−1 to 14.6 g L−1 (representing from 90% to 79% of the CTec2 enzyme yield, respectively). Furthermore, ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae SIHA Active Yeast 6 strain DF 639 in optimal conditions reached about 120 mL kg d.m.−1 (75% compared with the CTec2 process). The achieved yields suggested that the produced enzyme cocktail C1 could be potentially used to reduce the cost of bioethanol production from sweet sorghum biomass.

scholarly journals HIDROLISIS ENZIMATIS SAMPAH BUAH-BUAHAN MENJADI GLUKOSA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU BIOETANOL

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Rima Nurul Hidayati ◽  
Parsiah Qudsi ◽  
Doni Rahmat Wicakso
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Water Contents

Abstrak- Sampah buah-buahan merupakan bahan baku yang sangat berpotensi untuk produksi bioetanol karena mengandung gula dan pati. Ada tiga tahap dalam proses pembuatan bioetanol yaitu hidrolisis, fermentasi, dan pemurnian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari proses hidrolisis enzimatis dari sampah buah dalam rangka produksi bioetanol, mempelajari pengaruh suhu pada kinerja enzim alpha amilase terhadap kadar gula yang dihasilkan dari hidrolisis enzimatis, dan mempelajari pengaruh penambahan enzim gluko amilase terhadap kadar gula yang dihasilkan dari hidrolisis enzimatis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap. Pertama, analisis bahan baku yaitu menghitung kadar airnya dengan memanaskan sampel menngunakan oven pada suhu 100°C selama 1 jam berulang-ulang sampai beratnya konstan kemudian menganalisis kadar pati yang terkandung dalam sampah buah-buahan dengan metode Luff Schoorl. Kedua, menghidrolisis 60 g sampah buah dan 1 mL enzim alpha amilase dalam 400 mL air selama 1 jam selanjutnya proses sacharifikasi pada suhu 55°C selama ½ jam. Ketiga, menganalisis kadar gula hasil hidrolisis dengan cara menitrasi terhadap fehling A dan B yang sudah distandarisasi sebelumnya sampai terbentuk endapan merah bata. Proses hidrolisis enzimatis pada sampah buah-buahan dilakukan dengan dua langkah yaitu proses gelatinasi dan proses sakarifikasi. Pada proses gelatinasi, enzim alpha amilase bekerja maksimal pada suhu 95°C. Hidrolisis enzimatis dari 60 g sampah buah-buahan, 400 mL aquadest, 1 mL alpha amilase pada suhu 95°C menghasilkan konsentrasi gula optimum dengan penambahan 6 mL gluko amilase pada suhu 55°C. Kata kunci: alpha amilase, gluko amilase, proses sakarifikasi. Abstract- Fruits garbage is very potential raw material to produce bioethanol because containing sugar and starch. There is three step in bioethanol making process,  first hydrolysis, then fermentation and the last purification. The research objective was to learn enzymatic hydrolysis process from fruits garbage in order to bioethanol production, learning the temperature influence to alpha amylase enzyme performance toward sugar rate yielded from enzymatic hydrolysis and learning influence gluco amylase enzyme addition toward sugar rate yielded from enzymatic hydrolysis. The research was run with some step. First, analysis the raw material that was calculating its water contents by heating the sample used oven at temperature 100oC during 1 hour, then repeating until weight constant, then analysing the strach rate which contain in fruits garbage by luff schoorl method. Second, hydrolysing 60 g of fruits garbage and 1 mL of alpha amylase enzyme in 400 mL aquadest during 1 hour, then sacharification process at temperatur 55oC during ½ hour. Third analysing sugar rate from hydrolysis yielded with titration method toward fehling A and B which has been standaritation, till formed a sorrel sediment. Enzymatic hydrolysis process from fruits garbage was run with two step, there is gelatination process and sacarification process.  In gelatination process, alpha amylase enzyme is work maximal at temperature 95oC. Enzymatic hydrolysis from 60 g of fruits garbage, 400 mL of aquadest, 1 mL of alpha amylase at temperature 95oC yielding optimum sugar rate by addition 6 mL of gluco amylase at temperature 55oC.  Keywords: alpha amylase, gluco amylase, sacharification process

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM LOW GRADE AND DAMAGED LONGAN FRUITS WITH THERMAL PRETREATMENT AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
TU VY THUY NGUYEN ◽  
YUWALEE UNPAPROM ◽  
PIYAPAT CHAICHOMPOO ◽  
RAMESHPRABU RAMARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Thermal Pretreatment ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Pretreatment is a vital step in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass and the successive production of bioethanol. The present study is focused on thermal pretreatment (boiling & autoclave) methods of low grade and damaged longan fruits using three different types of the enzymatic sources from commercial cellulase, an enzyme from algae and mixed enzymes (i.e., commercial cellulase with algal enzyme). Total sugar production after the hydrolysis process from commercial cellulase, the enzyme from algae and mixed enzymes were 326.41 ± 08.97 g/L, 348.68 ± 01.95 g/L and 368.42 ± 01.16 g/L, respectively. Reducing sugar after the hydrolysis process generated from commercial cellulase, the enzyme from algae and mixed enzymes was 182.54 ± 03.05 g/L, 183.33 ± 04.70 g/L and 297.78 ± 02.94 g/L, respectively. Fermentation of these hydrolysate using Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5020 produced the highest ethanol production from using commercial cellulase, the enzyme from algae and mixed enzymes was 16.74 ± 0.62 g/L, 5.38 ± 0.54 g/L and 14.32 ± 1.89 g/L, respectively. Consequently, this study suggested that suitable pretreatment and hydrolysis processes are performing a significant role in bioethanol production from low grade and damaged longan fruits.

scholarly journals Treatment of Waste Paper Using Ultrasound and Sodium Hydroxide for Bioethanol Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Osama F. Saeed ◽  
Rafid Abdulkareem ◽  
Shatha Muallah
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cellulomonas Uda ◽  
Lignocellulose Feedstock

Bioethanol produced from lignocellulose feedstock is a renewable substitute to declining fossil fuels. Pretreatment using ultrasound assisted alkaline was investigated to enhance the enzyme digestibility of waste paper. The pretreatment was conducted over a wide range of conditions including waste paper concentrations of 1-5%, reaction time of 10-30 min and temperatures of 30-70°C. The optimum conditions were 4 % substrate loading with 25 min treatment time at 60°C where maximum reducing sugar obtained was 1.89 g/L. Hydrolysis process was conducted with a crude cellulolytic enzymes produced by Cellulomonas uda (PTCC 1259).The maximum amount of sugar released and hydrolysis efficiency were 20.92 g/L and 78.4 %, respectively. Sugars released from waste paper were fermented into bioethanol with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The maximum concentration of bioethanol estimated was 9.5 g/L after 48h of cultivation, the yield and volumetric productivity were 0.454 g/g glucose and 0.2g bioethanol/ L h. respectively. This study of ultrasound and sodium hydroxide treatment may be (we think) it will be a promising technique to develop bioethanol production from waste paper.

scholarly journals Pembuatan bioetanol dari rumput gajah dengan distilasi batch

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Sari
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Batch Distillation ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Fixed Condition

Elephant grass is available continuously and in abundance, but has only been utilized as animal feed, and is sometimes regarded as a nuisance. However, elephant grass contains cellulose, glucose and starch that can be utilized as raw materials for ethanol production. The concentration of ethanol obtained from a study on the production of bioethanol from elephant grass was between 7-11%. To improve the purity of the ethanol, a batch distillation separation process was performed.  In the study of bioethanol production from elephant grass, a hydrolysis process was performed at the following fixed condition 30 oC temperature, 7 liter of water, 1 hour of hydrolysis time, while the following variables were changed fermentation period of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 days, and starter concentration of 8, 10, and 12%. From the bioethanol production study, the following best condition was obtained: 200 gram of grass, 10% Saccharomyces cerevisiae starter for 6 days. This condition produced 27.71% ethanol, with a 8.09% residual glucose. To obtain a higher purity ethanol product, a subsequent separation using batch distillation was performed, resulting in 90-95% ethanol. Therefore, elephant grass can be used as an alternative raw material for bioethanol production.Keywords: bioethanol, fermentation, hydrolysis, elephant grass Abstrak Ketersediaan rumput gajah dapat diperoleh secara kontinu dan melimpah, seringkali hanya digunakan sebagai makanan ternak, dan terkadang rumput gajah juga dianggap sebagai tanaman pengganggu. Rumput gajah mempunyai kadar selulosa, glukosa, pati yang dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan penghasil etanol. Kadar etanol yang diperoleh dari kajian produksi bioetanol dari rumput gajah antara 7-11%. Untuk meningkatkan kemurnian kadar etanol dilakukan pemisahan menggunakan distilasi batch. Dalam penelitian kajian produksi bioetanol dari rumput gajah dilakukan proses hidrolisis pada kondisi tetap suhu 30 oC, air 7 liter, waktu hidrolisis 1 jam, dan kondisi berubah yaitu berat rumput gajah 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, dan 300 gram, volume larutan HCl 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mL. Kemudian dilanjutkan proses fermentasi pada kondisi tetap suhu 30 oC, pH 4,5, volume fermentasi 500 mL dan kondisi berubah yaitu waktu fermentasi 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 hari, dan starter 8, 10, dan 12%. Dari penelitian kajian produksi bioetanol dari rumput gajah diperoleh hasil terbaik  yaitu: berat rumput gajah 200 gram, starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae 10% selama 6 hari, menghasilkan etanol sebesar 27,71% dan kadar glukosa sisa 8,09%. Untuk memperoleh produk etanol yang lebih murni dilakukan proses pemisahan lanjutan dengan distilasi batch, setelah dilakukan pemisahan lanjut diperoleh kadar etanol 90–95%, sehingga  rumput gajah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku alternatif pembuatan bioetanol.Kata Kunci: bioetanol, fermentasi, hidrolisis, rumput gajah.

scholarly journals Recovery of Glucose from Residual Starch of Sago Hampas for Bioethanol Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Awg-Adeni ◽  
K. B. Bujang ◽  
M. A. Hassan ◽  
S. Abd-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Biomass Structure ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Total Glucose

Lower concentration of glucose was often obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis process of agricultural residue due to complexity of the biomass structure and properties. High substrate load feed into the hydrolysis system might solve this problem but has several other drawbacks such as low rate of reaction. In the present study, we have attempted to enhance glucose recovery from agricultural waste, namely, “sago hampas,” through three cycles of enzymatic hydrolysis process. The substrate load at 7% (w/v) was seen to be suitable for the hydrolysis process with respect to the gelatinization reaction as well as sufficient mixture of the suspension for saccharification process. However, this study was focused on hydrolyzing starch of sago hampas, and thus to enhance concentration of glucose from 7% substrate load would be impossible. Thus, an alternative method termed as cycles I, II, and III which involved reusing the hydrolysate for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis process was introduced. Greater improvement of glucose concentration (138.45 g/L) and better conversion yield (52.72%) were achieved with the completion of three cycles of hydrolysis. In comparison, cycle I and cycle II had glucose concentration of 27.79 g/L and 73.00 g/L, respectively. The glucose obtained was subsequently tested as substrate for bioethanol production using commercial baker’s yeast. The fermentation process produced 40.30 g/L of ethanol after 16 h, which was equivalent to 93.29% of theoretical yield based on total glucose existing in fermentation media.

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