Making Bioethanol From Cocoa Fruit Skin Waste By Hydrolysis Process Using Trichoderma Viride Mold

Cocoa fruit skin is one of the agricultural wastes can be used as raw material for bioethanol production. Because the cocoa fruit waste containing 39.45% crude fiber and 3.92% glucose. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of optimization of yeast and fermentation time to produce maximum ethanol content. In this study the hydrolysis process cocoa leather is done using fungi Trichoderma viride and fermentation process using yeast Saccharomyses cerevisiae. While for bioethanol concentration measurements performed using vinometer. The results showed that bioethanol fermentation time for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days using yeast levels 2, 4, 6 and 8 grams produce maximum ethanol fermentation at 3 days and 6 grams yeast levels. Produced a maximum ethanol content of 12%.

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Analisis Kualitas Bioetanol Dari Kulit Pisang

Jurnal Daur Lingkungan ◽

10.33087/daurling.v4i2.72 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

G M Saragih ◽

Hadrah Hadrah ◽

Dilla Tri Maharani

Keyword(s):

Fermentation Process ◽

Starch Content ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Raw Material ◽

Banana Peel ◽

Total Production ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Banana Production

Indonesia is ranked sixth in banana production with total production in 2015 of 7.299.275. the more people who like bananas, the higher the volume of banana peel waste produced. Banana peels are usually thrown away immediately and can contaminate the soil surface because banana peels contain acid so that it can have an impact on evironmental problems. The starch content of banan peels has the potential to be used as a raw material for bioethanol production with the help of the fermentation process. Therefore this research aims to determine the quality of bioethanol which is produced from several types of banana peels. The types of banana peels used are Ambon banana peel, Barangan banana peel and horn banana peel. The method used to manufacture bioethanol form the types of banana peel of ambon, barangan and horn is fermentation using yeast tape or saccharomyses cereviciae. The variables observed in this study were the variety of banana peel types, fermentation time for 6 days and 10 days, and the use of yeast as much as 5 grams. The fermentation results in the form of bioethanol were analyzed using gas chromatography, the best results from this study were obtained on the type of banana peel of Ambon for 10 days, that is 4.451% bioethanol.

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The Effect of Type and Concentration Yeast with Fermentation Time and Liquifaction Variations on the Bioethanol Concentration Resulted by Sorgum Seeds with Hydrolysis and Fermentation Processes

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience ◽

10.1166/jctn.2019.8591 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 5228-5232

Author(s):

Kiagus A. Roni ◽

Dorie Kartika ◽

Hasyirullah Apriyadi ◽

Netty Herawati

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Rhizopus Oryzae ◽

Process Variations ◽

Raw Material ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Hydrolysis Method ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Starch Composition ◽

Yeast Concentration

Sorghum is one of the plants that can be used as raw material for making bioethanol. Sorghum has seeds with a starch composition of 73.8%, which is potential as a raw material for making bioethanol. Sorghum starch can be converted into bioethanol through the hydrolysis process (the process of converting carbohydrates into glucose) which consists of liquefaction and saccharification processes and is followed by a fermentation process. The hydrolysis method is carried out enzymatically. In this study alpha amylase and gluco amylase enzymes were used with various types of yeast including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus oryzae, Acetobacter xylinum, Mucor sp, and Aspergilus niger which varied with liquefaction temperatures including 80, 85, 90, 95, and 100 °C. Obtained the most optimal yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an optimal temperature of 95 °C resulting in a bioethanol concentration of 4.3%. After getting the optimal yeast and temperature, the fermentation step of the two variables is used in the next step. In the fermentation process, variations of yeast concentration and duration of fermentation were used, the optimum yeast concentration was at 2.5% with 48 hours of fermentation resulting in bioethanol concentration of 11%.

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The Production of Bioethanol from Rimau Gerga Lebong (Rgl) Orange Waste as an Alternative Energy

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201824804004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 248 ◽

pp. 04004

Author(s):

Vike Darliyasi ◽

Kurnia Herlina Dewi ◽

Budiyanto

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Block Design ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Total Dissolved Solids ◽

Dissolved Solids ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Ethanol Content ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Orange Waste

Bioethanol from Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) orange waste is one of the solution to overcome fuel oil problem. The aim of this research is to get the type of microorganisms and fermentation time that produce the highest ethanol from RGL orange waste. The research method used was Randomized Block Design (RBD) of two factors, namely type of microorganisms (Trichoderma viride, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma viride + Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and fermentation time (3 days, 5 days, and 7 days. Within the three type of microorganisms with variations of fermentation time showed that the pH was able to carry out the fermentation process smoothly. The highest total dissolved solids were in the type of Trichoderma viride 3 days and 5 days, and the type of mix of microorganisms on the 3rd day. The highest ethanol content is in the type of Sachharomyces cerevisiae for 7 days. ANOVA result showed that the interaction between two treatments on the total dissolved solids experienced significant differences, so it continue with the DMRT test at a significant level of 0.5%. However, it is different from the results of ANOVA on ethanol content which showed that there were significant differences between ethanol content and types of microorganisms, but there was no significant difference on fermentation time

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FERMENTASI BIJI KECIPIR (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) OLEH JAMUR TRICHODERMA VIRIDE TERHADAP WARNA, TEKSTUR, DAN SERAT KASAR

Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) ◽

10.30862/jipvet.v9i1.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Catur Suci Purwati ◽

Ludfia Windyasmara

Keyword(s):

Fermentation Process ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Raw Material ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus ◽

Nutrient Quality ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Plastic Bag ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Better Than

The fermentation process is an activity of microorganisms that make products with characteristics of texture, flavor, aroma and changes in nutrient quality that better than the original raw material. It is also protein process of developing of protein from the material. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments. P0 = Unfermented winged seeds, P1 = Winged seeds + 0,1% Trichoderma viride mushroom (Tv), P2 = Winged seeds + 0,2% Trichoderma viride mushroom (Tv), P3 = Winged seeds + 0,3% Trichoderma viride mushroom (Tv). The material used was crushed winged seeds as substrates that mixed to be homogenized. One hundred gr of each sample from every treatment was weighed, put into a perforated plastic bag (to create anaerobic atmosphere) with 2 cm thick. Subsequently, samples were incubated in fermented room at 30oC for 7 days. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Variables observed in color, texture and coarse fiber. This study indicated that the winged fermented beans with Trichoderma viride mushroom had no effect on color, effected crude fiber and texture.

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Pembuatan Bioetanol Berbahan Baku Kertas Bekas menggunakan Metode Hidrolisis Asam dan Fermentasi

Indo J Chem Res ◽

10.30598//ijcr.2017.5-cin ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

Cindi Ramayanti ◽

Ketty R. Giasmara

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Liquid Fuels ◽

Biomass Feedstock ◽

Evaporation Process ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Ethanol Content ◽

Potential Alternative ◽

Alkaline Delignification

The enormous global daily consumption of liquid fuels is of the order of 80 million barrels/day (equivalent of 12.7 million m3/day). The sugar cane area required to produce the same volume of ethanol about 700 million hectares, assuming a yield of 6.5 m3/ha/year of ethanol. This study focus to use the second generation feedstock for bioethanol production. Waste papers have cellulose biomass in high percentage so that can be used as potential alternative biomass feedstock to convert bioethanol. Alkaline delignification was conducted by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and then hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) diluted with various concentrations (2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, and 5% (v/v) and then fermentation was carried out by Saccharomyces cereviciae with the variation fermentation time (4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, and 8 days). Ethanol will be produced after separated using evaporation process. The results for the paper inked with the highest ethanol content of 6,12 % (v/v) was obtained at a concentration of 4% sulfuric acid (v / v) and 7 days fermentation time. While the paper without ink obtained the highest ethanol content of 8,13 % (v / v) sulfuric acid at a concentration of 4% (v/v) and 7 days fermentation time

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PENGARUH KADAR Aspergillus niger TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI BONGGOL PISANG KEPOK ( Musa paradisiaca L)

Alotrop ◽

10.33369/atp.v3i2.10496 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Junaini Junaini ◽

Elvinawati Elvinawati ◽

Sumpono Sumpono

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Gravity Method ◽

Musa Paradisiaca ◽

Ethanol Content

This study aims to determine the effect of Aspergillus niger levels on bioethanol production in banana cobs using Saccharfication Simultation Fermentation (SSF) method. This research uses banana kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) obtained from Enggano Island of Bengkulu Province. Enggano Island is one of the outermost islands of Bengkulu Province which has a coordinate point of 5023'25,000 '' LS - 102014'16,000 '' BT. Samples of banana done preparation before the hydrolysis and fermentation process by smoothing the banana cobs using a blender until it becomes mush. Samples in the form of slurry were then added by Aspergillus niger and Sccharomyces cerevisiae. Hydrolysis performed for 72 hours which then continued with the fermentation process for 5 days. In the study there were 5 treatments: addition of Aspergillus niger 107 CFU/mL, addition of 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae, addition of 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Aspergillus niger 106 CFU/mL, 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Aspergillus niger 107CFU/mL and 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Aspergillus niger 108CFU/mL. The fermentation results were distilled and then measured the ethanol content by the specific gravity method. Ethanol content obtained from each treatment were 3.995%, 6.218%, 6.825%, 9.065%, and 12.348%, respectively. From one-way analysis test can be obtained the value of Fcount and Ftabel respectively are 25.73 and 5.19, so the value of Ftable< Fcount which means each treatment has a different result significantly.

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ENZIMATIC HYDROLYSIS PROCESS FOR INCREASING GLUCOSE LEVELS FROM COCONUT HUSK WASTE

Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) ◽

10.36040/jstas.v2i2.3579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Dwi Anna Anggorowati ◽

Sriliani Sriliani ◽

Anis Artiyani ◽

Harimbi Setyawati ◽

Kevin J

Keyword(s):

Glucose Level ◽

Chemical Treatment ◽

Raw Material ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Hydrolysis Time ◽

Cellulase Enzymes ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Coconut Husk ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Physical And Chemical

Coconut husk waste is waste that has not been used optimally, generally only as a craft material. Seeing the composition of coconut husk, it has the potential to be used as an alternative fuel, one of which is to produce bioethanol products. The purpose of this research was to utilize coconut husk waste as raw material for bioethanol production and to assess the effect of the number of enzymes and time of hydrolysis on the glucose levels produced. In this research, the authors focused on obtaining glucose levels from coconut husks by hydrolysis using cellulase enzymes with an activity of 700 EGU/g. The variations used in this research were the volume of cellulase enzymes (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) ml and the hydrolysis time (4, 8, 12) hours. After the coconut husk undergoes physical and chemical treatment using 10% NaOH, there is a decrease in lignin levels from 44% to 14% and there is an increase in cellulose levels from 24% to 38%, and the use of a cellulase enzyme volume of 2 ml with a hydrolysis time of 4 hours was more optimal with a glucose level of 0.32%.

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BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM COCONUT HUSK USING THE WET GAMMA IRADIATION METHOD

Jurnal Forum Nuklir ◽

10.17146/jfn.2020.14.2.5908 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Putra Oktavianto ◽

Risdiyana Setiawan ◽

Ilhami Ariyanti ◽

Muhammad Fadhil Jamil

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽

Raw Material ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Coconut Husk ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽

Ethanol Ethanol ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Low Dosage

BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM COCONUT HUSK USING the WET GAMMA IRRADIATION METHOD. The use of coconut husk has only been used as a material for making handicrafts such as ropes, brooms, mats, and others or just burned. The combustion of coconut husk can cause air pollution. In fact, coconut husk can be used as a raw material for bioethanol production so that the beneficial value of coconut husk will also increase. One way of bioethanol production from coconut husk is by irradiating the coconut husk. The coconut husk irradiation technique to be carried out in this study is the wet irradiation technique. Wet irradiation is carried out to accelerate the process of bioethanol production because at the time of irradiation, cellulose has been hydrolyzed and glucose has been formed so that it is more efficient in time and use of the material so that the cellulose hydrolysis process is not necessary. The coconut husk samples were wet because they were mixed with 4% NaOH and were irradiated using a gamma irradiator from STTN-BATAN Yogyakarta with a dose of 30 kGy and 50 kGy and 0 kGy (or without irradiation). Then the sample is fermented with the fungus Saccharomyces Cerevisiae from tape yeast to form ethanol. Ethanol is purified and then analyzed for concentrations using pycnometric and refractometric methods. The result is that the highest ethanol content is without irradiation (0 kGy), this is due to the low dosage used. However, the main point in this wet method research is evidence of hydrolysis of cellulose by the formation of gluoxane after irradiated wet coconut husk, and with Fehling A and B analysis, brown deposits are seen proving that glucose has been formed.

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Bioetanol dari Limbah Kulit Singkong (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Melalui Proses Fermentasi

Jurnal Akademika Kimia ◽

10.22487/j24775185.2016.v5.i3.8045 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 121 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Erna Erna ◽

Irwan Said ◽

Paulus Hengky Abram

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Time Variation ◽

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Tropical Plants ◽

Ethanol Content ◽

Saccaromyces Cerevisiae ◽

Cassava Peel

Carbohydrates can be obtained from tubers such as cassava. Cassava is a plant from family euphorbiaceae and typical tropical plants. Cassava peel is a major waste that contains carbohydrates. The peel of cassava can be used as an energy source, namely ethanol.The purpose of this study is to determine the contents of ethanol through the fermentation process of cassava peel where obtainable from Malino village, Batu Daka West, Tojo Una-Una. The parameters in this study was content of ethanol that was obtained by fermentation using saccaromyces cerevisiae yeast. The fermentation process was conducted by varying day of fermentation, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days. The results showed the fermentation of ethanol with time variation respectively is 4.50, 5.20, 6.00 and 4.00%. In conclusion, it can be said that the highest ethanol content is 6.00% with the fermentation time of 8 days.

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PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI KULIT NANAS MELALUI HIDROLISIS DENGAN ASAM

EKUILIBIUM ◽

10.20961/ekuilibrium.v10i2.2246 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ari Diana Susanti

Keyword(s):

Hydrochloric Acid ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Raw Material ◽

Continuous Heating ◽

Distillation Process ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Pineapple Juice ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Abstract: Pineapple skin is an agricultural waste that has a carbohydrate content of about 10:54% and the skin of pineapple juice glucose levels by 17% so it can be utilized to ethanol. Hydrolysis reaction is so slow that the reaction requires a catalyst. The catalyst used in this study were hydrochloric acid (HCl). This study aims to Learn how to use the skin of pineapple waste as alternative raw material manufacture bioethanol. The variables studied were the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the hydrolysis and fermentation time. Sorghum starch hydrolysis process using a three neck flask equipment, mercury stirrer, heating mantle, cooling behind and a thermometer to measure temperature. Sampling for glucose analysis performed when the temperature reaches 100oC every 45 minutes to obtain optimum glucose levels. Glucose samples were analyzed by using the Lane-Eynon. Data analysis showed the longer the higher the hydrolysis of the resulting glucose levels, but there are times when the glucose level will drop over time for glucose resulting damage due to continuous heating. In the fermentation process is carried out with fermentation time of 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, 120 hours fiber. The most optimum bacterial activity is a long fermentation for 96 hours. Distillation process carried out on the final results of ethanol fermentation and obtained the highest levels of 31.399%. Keywords : Pineapple skin, hydrolysis, fermentation, distillation, ethanol.

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