scholarly journals Conflict literacy of the population of Altai Krai: some results of sociological research

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Polina Leonidovna Degtyareva ◽  
Angelina Rustamovna Akhmedova ◽  
Olga Andreevna Ryzhova ◽  
Alina Olegovna Shcherbinina
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Constructive Conflict ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

This article presents the results of sociological research dedicated to the assessment of conflict literacy of the population of Barnaul. Methodological framework is comprised of the key provisions of conflict paradigm, and definition of literacy as a structure that consists of the three interconnected elements: knowledge, skills and, competences. In the authors’ opinion, conflict literacy implies a combination of basic knowledge, skills and competences of population with regards to the mechanisms of constructive conflict resolution. For the assessment of conflict literacy, the authors used the following indicators: attitude towards emerging conflicts, information sources on competent conflict resolution, most acceptable methods of conflict resolution among the respondents, personal experience of respondents associated with insufficient knowledge on conflict resolution, evaluation of the level of knowledge and skills of population on conflict resolution, and the need for their improvement. The applied method is the mass survey of population in form of questionnaire. The acquired results demonstrate the low level of public awareness in the area of scientific fundamentals of efficient resolution of conflicts, and negative attitude of respondents towards conflicts. The majority of respondents assess their level of knowledge and competences in the area of conflict resolution insufficient, and would like to improve it. The conducted analysis underlies the formulation of recommendations in improvement of conflict literacy of population, which first and foremost include educational activities om conflict resolution provided by specialists either in-person or remotely  for population of various age groups.

Knowledge and attitude on mental disorder among adults in Putalibazar Municipality of Syangja district of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Rajeev Nepal ◽  
Saroj Doranga ◽  
Pratigya Timsina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Level ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Purpose: To assess knowledge and attitude on mental disorder among adults in Putalibazar Municipality of Syangja district. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adults of the aged group (18-64 years) in Putalibazar Municipality of Syangja district of Nepal. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared for data collection. Similarly, the Likert scale was used to assess respondent’s attitude levels. SPSS 20 version and MS-Excel were used to analyze the data. The questionnaire was translated into the Nepali language during data collection. Results: The majority (57.3%) respondents responded mental disorder is a health condition involving changes in feeling and emotions. More than half (54.7%) respondents were having poor knowledge and the rest (45.3%) respondents were having a good level of knowledge on mental disorders. Respondents involved in a private job, government job and NGO/INGO have the highest, and housewives have the lowest level of knowledge regarding the mental disorder. Three-fifth respondents (59.7%) were having a negative attitude and the rest two-fifth respondents (40.3%) were having a positive attitude towards mental disorders. Also, the level of knowledge was having a statistically significant relationship with the education (p=0.02) and occupation (p=<0.001) of the respondents. The level of attitude was having a statistically significant relationship with the level of knowledge of the respondents (p=0.004). Conclusions: Good level of knowledge regarding mental disorders was lagging among respondents and a negative attitude seems high. There is an urgent need for public awareness among the adults living in this location. Mass media and anti-stigma campaigns can equally play a vital role to bring change in the attitude level of the respondents.

scholarly journals Ukraine–NATO: State and Prospects of Cooperation Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Skachko
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Development Prospects

Сurrent relations of Ukraine with NATO and prospects for their development to develop a common defense and security policy are considered. It is noted that the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, its illegal annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, waging a «hybrid war» against it, military intervention in the eastern regions of Ukraine, constant military, political, economic and information pressure from Russia necessitate Ukraine’s search for more effective guarantees. NATO remains the most influential security organization, so political and military cooperation with it is vital for Ukraine. Today, NATO’s European policy focuses mainly on security issues, as well as on enhancing dialogue with both member countries and candidate countries. The definition of modern features of NATO’s European and Euro-Atlantic policy and prospects for the development of Ukraine’s new security policy are relevant. The purpose of this article is to analyze the current relationship between Ukraine and the Alliance and their development prospects. The Concept of Improving Public Awareness of Ukraine’s Cooperation with NATO during 2017–2020 approved by the President of Ukraine on February 21, 2017 in order to increase public support for state policy in the field of Euro-Atlantic integration and the level of trust of Ukrainian citizens in NATO as a key institution in strengthening international security is analyzed. The results of sociological research on Ukraine’s membership in NATO are presented, which reflect the dynamics of public support for Ukraine’s membership in NATO. Key words: NATO-Ukraine; cooperation; security; sociological data; Ukraine’s membership in NATO.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Saudi Community in Jeddah

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siraj O. Wali ◽  
Osama A. Samargandi ◽  
Ahmad A. Abulaban ◽  
Bassem S. El Deek ◽  
Lujain H. Mirdad
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Basic Facts

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a common and current health problem in Saudi Arabia. Public education and awareness are essential for the prevention of tuberculosis. This study aims at assessing the level of knowledge among people in Jeddah regarding this re-emerging disease. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administrated questionnaire-based study was conducted at three main shopping centers in Jeddah city, after pilot study testing. A structured questionnaire was developed to assess the basic knowledge about pulmonary tuberculosis which included demographic data, level of education, source and level of knowledge (basic facts) about pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 436 recruited subjects; 256 (58.7%) females, age ranged between 12 and 72 (mean 28.54 years; SD ± 11.2); 165 (38.9%) were students and 154 (36.3%) were employees. The majority (73%) of candidates were relatively well educated or completed high school. 53.3% of the candidates assumed had sufficient knowledge regarding tuberculosis. 36% were unaware that lungs were the primary organ affected, over half (50.9%) denied it is an infectious disease, and almost half (47.4%) were unaware of effective treatment. The mean score of the level of knowledge for the whole group was 5.20 out of 11 (SD ± 2.95); 39% scored less than 4. Females scored better than males, 5.55 and 4.69 out of 11, respectively with a p-value of 0.003. Conclusion: The data showed that public awareness regarding pulmonary tuberculosis was below expectation. Essential information about the disease was lacking even among well-educated people, though female were found to be knowledgeable compared to males.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Saudi Community in Jeddah

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Siraj O. Wali ◽  
Osama A. Samargandi ◽  
Ahmad A. Abulaban ◽  
Bassem S. El Deek ◽  
Lujain H. Mirdad
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Basic Facts

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a common and current health problem in Saudi Arabia. Public education and awareness are essential for the prevention of tuberculosis. This study aims at assessing the level of knowledge among people in Jeddah regarding this re-emerging disease. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administrated questionnaire-based study was conducted at three main shopping centers in Jeddah city, after pilot study testing. A structured questionnaire was developed to assess the basic knowledge about pulmonary tuberculosis which included demographic data, level of education, source and level of knowledge (basic facts) about pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 436 recruited subjects; 256 (58.7%) females, age ranged between 12 and 72 (mean 28.54 years; SD ± 11.2); 165 (38.9%) were students and 154 (36.3%) were employees. The majority (73%) of candidates were relatively well educated or completed high school. 53.3% of the candidates assumed had sufficient knowledge regarding tuberculosis. 36% were unaware that lungs were the primary organ affected, over half (50.9%) denied it is an infectious disease, and almost half (47.4%) were unaware of effective treatment. The mean score of the level of knowledge for the whole group was 5.20 out of 11 (SD ± 2.95); 39% scored less than 4. Females scored better than males, 5.55 and 4.69 out of 11, respectively with a p-value of 0.003. Conclusion: The data showed that public awareness regarding pulmonary tuberculosis was below expectation. Essential information about the disease was lacking even among well-educated people, though female were found to be knowledgeable compared to males.

scholarly journals Validity of the Gender Dysphoria diagnosis and incidence trends in Sweden: a nationwide register study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Indremo ◽  
Richard White ◽  
Thomas Frisell ◽  
Sven Cnattingius ◽  
Alkistis Skalkidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Nationwide Register Study

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the validity of the Gender Dysphoria (GD) diagnoses in the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR), to discuss different register-based definitions of GD and to investigate incidence trends. We collected data on all individuals with registered GD diagnoses between 2001 and 2016 as well as data on the coverage in the NPR. We regarded gender confirming medical intervention (GCMI) as one proxy for a clinically valid diagnosis and calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) for receiving GCMI for increasing number of registered GD diagnoses. We assessed crude and coverage-adjusted time trends of GD during 2004–2015 with a Poisson regression, using assigned sex and age as interaction terms. The PPV for receiving GCMI was 68% for ≥ 1 and 79% for ≥ 4 GD-diagnoses. The incidence of GD was on average 35% higher with the definition of ≥ 1 compared to the definition of ≥ 4 diagnoses. The incidence of GD, defined as ≥ 4 diagnoses increased significantly during the study period and mostly in the age categories 10–17 and 18–30 years, even after adjusting for register coverage. We concluded that the validity of a single ICD code denoting clinical GD in the Swedish NPR can be questioned. For future research, we propose to carefully weight the advantages and disadvantages of different register-based definitions according to the individual study’s needs, the time periods involved and the age-groups under study.

scholarly journals Review of Studies on Older Drivers’ Behavior and Stress—Methods, Results, and Outlook

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3503
Author(s):  
Yanning Zhao ◽  
Toshiyuki Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
Older Driver ◽  
Vehicle Data ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Short Time

This paper presents a review on relevant studies and reports related to older drivers’ behavior and stress. Questionnaires, simulators, and on-road/in-vehicle systems are used to collect driving data in most studies. In addition, research either directly compares older drivers and the other drivers or considers participants according to various age groups. Nevertheless, the definition of ‘older driver’ varies not only across studies but also across different government reports. Although questionnaire surveys are widely used to affordably obtain massive data in a short time, they lack objectivity. In contrast, biomedical information can increase the reliability of a driving stress assessment when collected in environments such as driving simulators and on-road experiments. Various studies determined that driving behavior and stress remain stable regardless of age, whereas others reported degradation of driving abilities and increased driving stress among older drivers. Instead of age, many researchers recommended considering other influencing factors, such as gender, living area, and driving experience. To mitigate bias in findings, this literature review suggests a hybrid method by applying surveys and collecting on-road/in-vehicle data.

Food intake, physical activity and quality of life among children and youth

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Emília Martins ◽  
Rosina Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Mendes ◽  
Cátia Magalhães ◽  
Patrícia Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Definition Of

BACKGROUND: The health-related quality of life construct (QoL) implies a relationship with eating habits (EA) and physical activity (PA). Sociodemographic and anthropometric variables (gender, age and Body Mass Index - BMI) are highlighted in the definition of healthy lifestyle habits promotion strategies. OBJECTIVE: We aim to characterize and relate PA, EA and QoL in children/youth and explore gender, age and BMI influences. METHODS: It is a non-experimental study, with 337 children/youth, ages between 8 and 17 years (12.61±2.96), mostly from the rural inland of Portugal. In data collection we used a sociodemographic and anthropometric questionnaire, a weekly register table of EA and Kid-Kindl (QoL). Statistical analysis (p <  0.05) were performed in SPSS-IBM 25. RESULTS: Lower BMI was associated with better EA (p <  0.001), PA (p <  0.05) and self-esteem (p <  0.01) and worse scores on family subscale of QoL. Female showed higher fruit intake (p <  0.05). The older has shown better results. PA is positively correlated with QoL (p <  0.01) and EA (p <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is important to explore other relevant social and family dimensions, to promote intervention programs with parents, school and community, as well as healthy practices policies. The intervention in these age groups is critical for a longer-term impact in improving healthy life habits.

Risk perception and awareness of earthquake: the case of Dhaka

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Lutfur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Earthquake Preparedness ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Seismic Risk Perception ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Behavior

Purpose Among the many studies about risk perception, only a few deal with Bangladesh. Paul and Bhuiyan’s (2010) study has shown the earthquake-preparedness level of residents of Dhaka, but there are some biases in the data collection. This paper aims to examine the seismic-risk perception and the level of knowledge on earthquake and preparedness among the residents of Dhaka. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was developed, and data collection was undertaken through home and sidewalk surveys. This paper investigates how attitude, perception and behavior differ depending on gender, age, education and casualty awareness. This research tries to examine and make a comparison of the risk perception and preparedness level between different groups of gender, age and level of education. Findings This research shows that female respondents have a much better risk perception of and are better prepared for earthquakes than male respondents; younger people have a higher knowledge about earthquake preparedness than older people and less-educated people are at a higher risk of unpreparedness than more-educated people. Research limitations/implications This research is only limited to the Dhaka Division. Originality/value This paper concludes by noting that public awareness on seismic-risk perception and mitigation is poor, and their knowledge on basic theory and emergency response must be improved.

The Multi-Relationship Evaluation Design Framework: Designing Testing Plans to Comprehensively Assess Advanced and Intelligent Technologies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Weiss ◽  
Linda C. Schmidt ◽  
Harry A. Scott ◽  
Craig I. Schlenoff
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Evaluation Design ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Summative Assessments ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Terms

As new technologies develop and mature, it becomes critical to provide both formative and summative assessments on their performance. Performance assessment events range in form from a few simple tests of key elements of the technology to highly complex and extensive evaluation exercises targeting specific levels and capabilities of the system under scrutiny. Typically the more advanced the system, the more often performance evaluations are warranted, and the more complex the evaluation planning becomes. Numerous evaluation frameworks have been developed to generate evaluation designs intent on characterizing the performance of intelligent systems. Many of these frameworks enable the design of extensive evaluations, but each has its own focused objectives within an inherent set of known boundaries. This paper introduces the Multi-Relationship Evaluation Design (MRED) framework whose ultimate goal is to automatically generate an evaluation design based upon multiple inputs. The MRED framework takes input goal data and outputs an evaluation blueprint complete with specific evaluation elements including level of technology to be tested, metric type, user type, and, evaluation environment. Some of MRED’s unique features are that it characterizes these relationships and manages their uncertainties along with those associated with evaluation input. The authors will introduce MRED by first presenting relationships between four main evaluation design elements. These evaluation elements are defined and the relationships between them are established including the connections between evaluation personnel (not just the users), their level of knowledge, and decision-making authority. This will be further supported through the definition of key terms. An example will be presented in which these terms and relationships are applied to the evaluation design of an automobile technology. An initial validation step follows where MRED is applied to the speech translation technology whose evaluation design was inspired by the successful use of a pre-existing evaluation framework. It is important to note that MRED is still in its early stages of development where this paper presents numerous MRED outputs. Future publications will present the remaining outputs, the uncertain inputs, and MRED’s implementation steps that produce the detailed evaluation blueprints.

ATTITUDE TOWARDS MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS DURING THE MENSTRUATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
J. C. Kavitha Latha ◽  
R. Varalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
High Attitude ◽  
The Right

Adolescents are dened as the young people between the age groups of 10 and 19 years as per the WHO records. Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adult life as it is regarded as the intermediate period between the childhood age and the adult age. Menstruation occurs every month periodically except during pregnancy. The maintenance of menstrual hygienic methods is a very challenging task to the adolescent girls. Social prohibitions and traditional beliefs blocked the access to get the right kind of information to adolescent girls that led to poor hygiene practices. Menstruation has often been dealt with secrecy in many cultures. Aim: Attitude towards myths and misconceptions among adolescent girls during the menstruation. To assess the attitude regarding myths Objective: and misconceptions among adolescent girls during the menstruation. To examine the level of attitude of adolescent girls towards Myths and Misconceptions Tool: The Tool used for the present study was self structured questionnaire which was developed by the researcher. Results: Many of number of adolescent girls is having low attitude i.e., having many myths and misconceptions towards menstruation and very few sample is having high attitude which is indicating that minimal sample is not having negative attitude towards the myths and misconceptions. Sample: Sample of the present study consists of 300 adolescent girls from government vocational colleges in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh State. There are signicant differences between age, religion, educational quali Conclusion: cations of mother's, type of family and mode of communication among adolescent girls with regard to their attitude towards myths and misconceptions during the menstruation. There is low level of attitude towards the myths and misconceptions among adolescent girls during the menstruation

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