scholarly journals Mathematical model of the dynamics of business development

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Alexander Sklyar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Noise Component ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Actual Return ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
Production Capacities

The subject of this research is the model of business development that describes the dependence of ongoing volume of production from previous investments and intensity of wear of production capacities. The investment process is characterized by a delay between the moment of investment, actual return and its continuation, gradual decrease in the level of return, and discreetness of investments. In the process of modeling, discrete investment were replaced by an integral, which leads to integral-differential equation, and in terms of facile assumption to the linear standard differential equation of second order or their system, solved by the disharmonious fluctuations on the background of an aperiodic trend. As the method of analysis of correspondence of the model data with the actual dynamics of business development, the research utilizes computational solution of the emerging differential equations. Comparison of the model data with the known statistics reveals their adequacy to the current economic processes. Statistical data contains noise component, which consists of various economic and political factors and principally limits the precision of forecasting. Differences in the length of fluctuation periods by industries impedes analysis of the economic behavior as a whole. At the same time, forecast of crisis phenomena that emerge in superposition of the phases of industry fluctuations can be executed with sufficient level of precision.

scholarly journals Off-Shoring Processes in Conditions of Taxation System Restructuring

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
V. I. Bratcev ◽  
A. V. Roybu ◽  
E. S. Pozhidaeva
Keyword(s):  
Business Development ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Taxation Policy ◽  
Tax Payments ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
Taxation System ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Off Shoring

The article analyzes off-shoring processes in order to find new ways for developing taxation planning oriented to prevention of asset outflow beyond Russian jurisdiction due to the taxation system restructuring. The authors showed the necessity to decline the appeal of off-shore for entities of economic activity based on rational taxation legislation. They substantiate the topicality of researching the taxation system restructuring in Russia, which fosters business development and new taxation mechanism designing providing conditions for reduction of off-shore development. Key forms of taxation incentive were investigated in order to identify possibilities of their impact on de-off-shoring processes and grounding the necessity of developing a new taxation mechanism for extending tax payments on growth of capital till the completion of the investment process. The article considers the taxation manoeuvre towards increasing the taxation base and its feasibility in Russian conditions. The article describes priorities of Russian taxation policy and its improvement in today’s circumstances of complicated geopolitical situation and sanction restrictions. The authors come to the conclusion about Russia transition to a row of innovation countries and put forward a set of measures aimed at creating optimal conditions of all economic agents’ involvement in innovation activity and filling economy with innovation content. Among key results of the research we should mention grounding taxation system restructuring, which stimulates business development and designing practical recommendations aimed at improvement of the mechanism of taxation impact on off-shore processes.

scholarly journals The ruin problem for a Wiener process with state-dependent jumps

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
M. Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equation ◽  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Wiener Process ◽  
Jump Diffusion ◽  
Moment Generating Function ◽  
Continuous Part ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Time

AbstractLet X(t) be a jump-diffusion process whose continuous part is a Wiener process, and let T (x) be the first time it leaves the interval (0,b), where x = X(0). The jumps are negative and their sizes depend on the value of X(t). Moreover there can be a jump from X(t) to 0. We transform the integro-differential equation satisfied by the probability p(x) := P[X(T (x)) = 0] into an ordinary differential equation and we solve this equation explicitly in particular cases. We are also interested in the moment-generating function of T (x).

Determination of the Buckling Load of Struts with Successive Approximations

1943 ◽  
Vol 47 (387) ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
J. Ratzersdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Buckling Load ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Successive Approximations ◽  
Method Of Successive Approximations ◽  
Exact Determination ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Image Position

In cases of tapered struts with hinged or built-in ends where the exact determination of the buckling load is complicated it may be useful to apply a method of successive approximations.Let us first consider a bar of the length l with hinged ends under the action of the compressive force P. The differential equation of the bending line becomeswhere v is the deflection at the section u, v with the moment of inertia I (u) and E is Young's modulus. At the ends of the bar the deflection v is equal to zero (Fig. I).

scholarly journals Theoretical Studies of Bounce in Rod-Type Microswitches

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 03034
Author(s):  
E.S. Lyuminarskaya
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Elastic Element ◽  
Switching Time ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Elastic Rod ◽  
Basic Performance ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Improve Reliability

To improve reliability of microswitches, it is necessary to carry out theoretical studies of the switching process both at the moment of switching and at the moment of bouncing. The article presents a dynamic model of microswitches with elastic rod elements, which allows at the design stage to evaluate such basic performance characteristics as response time and contact bounce time. The proposed technique is based on representation of the solution to the differential equation of vibrations of an elastic element in the form of a linear combination of eigenforms and the application of the Bubnov-Galerkin method. Theoretical studies of bounce in a rod microswitch are carried out. It is shown that breakdown precursors of the spacer spring are an increase in the switching time and the time of the first separation in case of bouncing.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of weaknesses and strengths of a region’s socio-economic and innovative development: Methods and its application

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-182
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lvovna Bezrukova ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Viktorovna Salita ◽  
Oksana Anatolievna Golubtsova ◽  
Lyudmila Valeryevna Markova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
Production Capacities ◽  
Development Methods

The article offers methodological tools to diagnose the weaknesses and strengths of a region’s socio-economic and innovative development. The topicality of the issue is determined by the need to define the priorities for the regional strategizing. The methods of analytical diagnostics, expert survey, SWOT and PEST analyses underlie the methodology of the study. The article applies the diagnostics tools to the economy of Lugansk People’s Republic and gives the results. The study characterizes the local factors of the regional economy affecting the level of the economic and innovative development in Lugansk People’s Republic. The article also gives the conclusions made from the analysis of the possible external impacts (opportunities and threats) in the COVID-19 pandemics in terms of social, economic, and innovative trends. For example, PEST analysis is used to calculate consolidated weighted indicators for the socio-economic and innovative development in Lugansk People’s Republic. A group of political factors is seen to have an adverse effect due to the Republic’s status as a breakaway region and a threat of military escalation. A lack of properly functioning banking and financing systems, flight and railway connections, low investment interest in the region’s economy show the most serious detrimental impact among other economic factors. A weighted indicator in the group of social factors is positive due to the following institutions: protection of health and labor, education, culture and sport. A negative weighted value for a technological component could be explained by an extensive physical and moral depreciation of the fixed assets, a low use of production capacities, a lack of local raw materials resources. Cross-sectional SWOT analysis makes the authors conclude about a significant impact of the weaknesses on the socio-economic and innovative development of a region, which should guide the development of priority measures in the public economic strategy. Further research is seen to be connected with the justification and development of the efficient strategy for the sustainable self-development of Lugansk People’s Republic.

scholarly journals The Concept of Investment in Iraqi Law (Comparative Study): مفهوم الاستثمار في القانون العراقي (دراسة مقارنة)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Shakir Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Investment Environment ◽  
Specific Concept ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact

Investment is of paramount importance at the moment as it is the most effective means of advancing economic and social development and thus contributes to the development of countries and the well-being of peoples, whether directly or indirectly. This provided an incentive for countries to compete and compete with each other to attract investment by providing the appropriate legal framework to achieve an optimal investment environment. The success of this approach depends on the extent to which the legislator understands the concept of investment and clarifies its concept clearly and flexibly to accommodate all future investment activities., And to clarify the impact on the investment process to ultimately reach a specific concept of investment.

scholarly journals A Study on Improving The Distribution Processes. The Case of Miruna Internaţional Impex Ltd.Romania

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Andreea Cristina Bejinariu ◽  
Paula Ganea ◽  
Mădălina Leuca ◽  
Florian Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
New Production ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Future ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
Production Capacities

Abstract Investing is a category of spending that engages the future most, depends on increasing and improving the productive potential of an enterprise (through expansion and modernization), the emergence of new production capacities. Because it is necessary to allocate large resources for the investment process, they are for a long time and the decision making process involves a lot of uncertainties. A decision on investment projects must be based on a careful analysis of all aspects of the context, the variables involved and their dynamics.

scholarly journals Spectral Curves for the Triple Reduced Product of Coadjoint Orbits for SU(3)

2018 ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Hurtubise ◽  
Lisa Jeffrey ◽  
Steven Rayan ◽  
Paul Selick ◽  
Jonathan Weitsman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Higgs Field ◽  
Moment Map ◽  
Circle Action ◽  
Coadjoint Orbits ◽  
Genus Zero ◽  
Spectral Curves ◽  
Hitchin System ◽  
The Moment

This chapter gives an identification of the triple reduced product of three coadjoint orbits in SU(3) with a space of Hitchin pairs over a genus zero curve with three punctures, where the residues of the Higgs field at the punctures are constrained to lie in fixed coadjoint orbits. Using spectral curves for the corresponding Hitchin system, the chapter identifies the moment map for a Hamiltonian circle action on the reduced product. Finally, the chapter makes use of results from Adams, Harnad and Hurtubise to find Darboux coordinates and a differential equation for the Hamiltonian.

scholarly journals Methodology of Economic Science and Problems of Objectivity in Economics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Ogorodnikova ◽  
Aleksei Solomein ◽  
Irina Shipunova
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Moment

The article described the specifics of economic science in the context of general scientific principles of cognition and the need to ensure the stability of economic systems. The research examined the nature and essence of objective and subjective factors of economic behavior, the nature of their interaction and the mechanism of transformation. Objective economic laws of differentiation of economic entities by the level of absolute welfare and equality of relative welfare are formulated. The state of the economic system is considered from the position of thermodynamic equilibrium. We formulated the condition of thermodynamic equilibrium of economic systems, which differs from the condition of equilibrium in the light of mechanistic concepts. The moment of the first archaic division of labor was highlighted as the point of bifurcation and the exit of the economic system from the state of thermodynamic equilibrium. The irreversible nature of this transition was emphasized. We found that it is necessary to study economic systems as non-equilibrium from the standpoint of assessing the state of complex dynamic structural formations.

scholarly journals STOCKS AS AN INVESTMENT OPTION FOR THE INVESTMENT FUNDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Stojan Dukoski ◽  
Ljubisa Zlatevski ◽  
Katerina Dukoska
Keyword(s):  
Investment Fund ◽  
Investment Portfolio ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
Market Index ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Financial Investments ◽  
Actual Return ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
To Receive

Financial innovations bring for the investors the new choices of investment but at the same time make the investment process and investment decisions more complicated, because even if the investors have a wide range of alternatives to invest they can‘t forgot the key rule in investments: invest only in what you really understand. Thus the investor must understand how investment funds differ from each other and only then to choose those which best match his/her expectations. The most important characteristics of investment funds on which bases the overall variety of investment vehicles can be assorted are the return on investment and the risk which is defined as the uncertainty about the actual return that will be earned on an investment. Each type of investment funds could be characterized by certain level of profitability and risk because of the specifics of these financial investments. Stocks are one of the favourite investments for the investment funds because of their effectieveness,but also because of they are higly liquid on average, bring income through dividends,offer diversification through sectors and every fund manager can find reasonably priced stocks with the required effort. Investment funds choose stocks because they are a very attractive investment that offers a lot of oportunities for the funds.The basic opportunity is that they are very flexible investment that offers ownership in the companies that the funds invests in. This gives the fund the oportunity to take participation in the annual shareholders meeting,but also to take board seats.It means that the fund can send representatives that can in turn affect the way the company manages its assets.A lot of companies are open to receive capital from the investment funds because as an investment vehicle they have a lot of liquidity to offer. Every investment fund is centered on the needs of the investors and tries to combine their individual opinions into one grand strategy.Usualy investment funds allow bigger investors to choose their investments and provide for them special portfolio options.This means that investors gain opportunity to have their own investment portfolio,which they can track for themselves and compare to the market index. Stocks are a big part of the investment portfolio of every investment fund.They sometimes respresent more than a half of the overall investments of the investment funds.The reason for this lays in their relative simplicity and the lots of ways the investor can profit from this securities.

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