An Exploration of the Relationship between Interpersonal Needs and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Reyneke Reyneke ◽  
Sarojini Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Interpersonal Needs ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Interpersonal Psychological Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Nonsuicidal self-injury has become a worrying phenomenon among adolescents worldwide, emphasising the need for increasing public health awareness and exploration of the factors associated with this behaviour. This study was framed using Joiner’s Interpersonal–Psychological Theory of Suicide and Nock and Prinstein’s four-function model of nonsuicidal self-injury. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the interpersonal needs constructs of Joiner’s theory and nonsuicidal self-injury and is motivated by the need to explore the contagion of self-injury. A cross-sectional convenience sampling method was used to obtain a sample of 216 adolescents, who were recruited from four schools in the greater Durban area, South Africa. Regression analyses were performed to establish whether a relationship exists between the interpersonal needs constructs and nonsuicidal self-injury. The results indicated a positive relationship between perceived burdensomeness and the occurrence of nonsuicidal self-injury in this sample, thereby illuminating thwarted interpersonal needs as a contributor to the occurrence of nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents.

scholarly journals Dating Violence Victimization, Interpersonal Needs, and Suicidal Ideation Among College Students

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Wolford-Clevenger ◽  
JoAnna Elmquist ◽  
Meagan Brem ◽  
Heather Zapor ◽  
Gregory L. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interpersonal Needs ◽  
Interpersonal Psychological Theory ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Victims of dating violence experience suicidal ideation at a higher rate than the general population. However, very few studies have examined the relationship between dating violence and suicidal ideation within an empirically supported theory of suicide. The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide posits that thwarted interpersonal needs (i.e., thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness) are proximal antecedents to suicidal ideation. The experience of dating violence may thwart such interpersonal needs, thus increasing risk for suicidal ideation. Aims: We aimed to examine the relationships among dating violence, thwarted interpersonal needs, and suicidal ideation and test the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide. Method: We conducted two cross-sectional studies on college students in dating relationships to examine these research questions. Results: Study 1 indicated positive correlations among dating violence (i.e., physical and psychological), thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness. Study 2 generally replicated the bivariate relationships of Study 1 and demonstrated that, at high levels of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness was correlated with suicidal ideation, while accounting for the effects of depressive symptoms and drug use. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of using theory-guided research to understand the relationship between dating violence and suicidal ideation.

The Relationship of Specific Demographic Variables to Perceived Burdensomeness, Thwarted Belongingness, and Acquired Suicide Capability in K–12 Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lora Hoffman ◽  
Cass Dykeman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Interpersonal Psychological Theory ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the relationship between specific demographic variables and the three Interpersonal-Psychological Theory (IPT) variables known to influence suicidal ideation and acts. The population was a large sample of K–12 students. Current research regarding demographic variables and the IPT variables in youth has been largely unexplored, leaving many assumptions and untested hypotheses. To address this gap, an archival cross-sectional design employing three multiple regression analyses was completed. For each analysis, the three demographic variables (age, gender, and race/ethnicity) were regressed on one of the IPT variables (perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and acquired suicide capability). The overall model for each of the research questions was significant, with R2 ranging from .06 to .07. Reasons for the obtained results as well as implications for researchers and clinicians are discussed.

scholarly journals Religiosity and Muslims’ intention to visit homestays: the mediating role of attitude

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Azrin Bin Jalasi ◽  
◽  
Sylvia Nabila Azwa Ambad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: This study aims to examine the influence of religiosity and attitude on the Malaysian Muslims’ intention to visit homestays in Sabah. Also, attitude is tested as a mediator in the hypothesized relationship. Research Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional approach was applied to gather data from a sample of 251 Malaysian Muslims, and a convenience sampling method is employed to collect data for the study. Data collected were analysed using SmartPLS 3.3.2.9 software. Results: The findings indicate that religiosity and attitude significantly influence the Malaysian Muslims’ intention to visit homestays in Sabah. Additionally, the relationship between religiosity and the Muslims’ intention to visit the homestays are mediated by attitude. Limitations: The scope of the study is limited to Malaysian Muslims’ intention to visit homestays in Sabah only. Contribution: The study provides empirical evidence for the individual factor that attitude significantly mediated the linkage between Muslim’s religiosity and their intention to visit homestays. As for practical implication, the study’s findings should instigate the improving and enhancing of the homestays’ services in Malaysia according to the Islamic principles in the future. Keywords: Muslims, Intention, Attitude, Religiosity, Homestay visit

Childhood temperament as a predictor of adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kristina Dale ◽  
Julia A.C. Case ◽  
Margaret W. Dyson ◽  
Daniel N. Klein ◽  
Thomas M. Olino
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Abstract Previous cross-sectional work has consistently found associations between neuroticism and impulsivity and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, there are few longitudinal studies of personality risk factors for NSSI. In this study, we examined associations between individual differences in temperament at age 3 and NSSI from ages 9 to 15. At age 3, 559 preschool-aged children (54% male; Mage = 42.2 months [SD = 3.10]) completed laboratory assessments of temperament. Parents also completed questionnaires about their child’s temperament. Children completed a diagnostic interview assessing NSSI engagement at ages 9, 12, and 15. By the age 15 assessment, 12.4% of adolescents reported engaging in NSSI. In univariate models, we found that higher levels of observed sadness and maternal-reported sadness and anger were associated with increased risk for NSSI. In multivariate models, female sex and maternal-reported anger were significantly associated with greater likelihood of NSSI. Laboratory observed sadness and impulsivity were associated with a higher likelihood of NSSI. This work extends the literature on personality risk factors associated with NSSI by finding longitudinal associations between early childhood negative affect and later NSSI engagement during adolescence.

Psychopathological Factors Associated With Burnout in Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 107839032199972
Author(s):  
Erman Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have separately revealed that parameters such as anxiety, depression, and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are associated with burnout, there is still a limited understanding of the relationship between anxiety, depression, and STS and burnout in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. AIMS: To investigate the relationship between levels of burnout, anxiety, depression, and STS in ICU nurses. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with ICU nurses ( N = 164) from a university hospital in eastern Turkey. The participants completed the anxiety, depression, STS, and burnout scales along with the descriptive characteristics form. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean scores for STS, anxiety, depression, and burnout were 40.60 ± 13.77, 17.14 ± 12.90, 13.28 ± 9.75 and 41.39 ± 14.87, respectively. The results showed that, in the ICU nurses, anxiety, depression, and STS components explained 61% of emotional exhaustion, 38% of depersonalization, and 13% of personal accomplishment. CONCLUSIONS: While the present findings supported the paradigm that burnout in ICU nurses is associated with STS, anxiety, and depression, they also revealed some details about the psychopathological factors associated with burnout. These details were as follows: (1) individuals who resorted to avoidance as a component of STS on a high level were more likely to experience emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, (2) individuals with severe depressive symptoms were more likely to experience a decrease in their personal accomplishment, and (3) individuals with anxiety symptoms were more likely to experience both emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment.

Peer Victimization and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Chinese Left-Behind Children: The Moderating Roles of Subjective Socioeconomic Status and Social Support

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626051989734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanquan Wang ◽  
Xia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Subjective Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subjective Ses ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Peer victimization is a serious issue among school-aged children. Chinese left-behind children tend to experience peer victimization and associated nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior. However, the possible improvement of subjective socioeconomic status (SES) based on increased family income may serve to buffer the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI, and this buffering effect may differ by level of social support. Thus, the current study aimed to examine the moderating effect of subjective SES on the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI by the level of social support among Chinese left-behind children. A total of 431 left-behind children and 447 non-left-behind children (comparison group) completed self-report scales measuring peer victimization, NSSI, subjective SES, and social support. Results showed that peer victimization was positively related to NSSI among left-behind children, but not among non-left-behind children. Moreover, for left-behind children with low levels of social support, high subjective SES intensified the association between peer victimization and NSSI; peer victimization was positively associated with NSSI among left-behind children who reported high subjective SES, but not among those with low subjective SES. However, high levels of social support seemed to protect the left-behind children with high subjective SES who experienced peer victimization from NSSI. For non-left-behind children with both parents present, high subjective SES played a protective role in the association between peer victimization and NSSI, regardless of the levels of social support they enjoyed. These findings contribute to an understanding of subjective SES as a moderating mechanism in the association between peer victimization and NSSI among left-behind children. Social support proved central to the protective role of subjective SES. Intervention programs to enhance social support can help to strengthen the protective effect of subjective SES on NSSI among left-behind children who experience peer victimization.

scholarly journals Suicide Ideation and Thwarted Interpersonal Needs Among Psychiatric Inpatients: A Network Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262110006
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Brown ◽  
Andrew J. Marshall ◽  
Sean M. Mitchell ◽  
Jared F. Roush ◽  
Gregory H. Mumma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Latent Constructs ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Interpersonal Needs ◽  
Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire ◽  
Interpersonal Psychological Theory

We aimed to demonstrate the utility of an item-level network analysis approach to suicide risk by testing the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide (IPTS) among 402 psychiatric inpatients. We hypothesized that specific thwarted belongingness (TB) or perceived burdensomeness (PB; Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire items) facets would positively relate to passive or active suicide ideation and that these facets would positively relate to each other and form distinct clusters. We also tested TB and PB facets central to the networks as predictors of suicide ideation compared with the full TB and PB subscales. Face-valid items congruent with latent constructs proposed by the IPTS (i.e., feelings of burden on society, feeling that one does not belong) were the only two facets uniquely predictive of passive and active suicide ideation. Facets of TB and PB did not form distinct clusters. Item-level network analysis may have important conceptual, assessment, predictive, and clinical implications for understanding suicide risk.

The factors associated with the length of the third stage of labour: A descriptive-analytical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Refaei ◽  
Soodabeh Aghababaei ◽  
Mansoureh Yazdkhasti ◽  
Farideh Kazemi ◽  
Fatemeh Farahmandpour
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Several risk factors have been identified for postpartum hemorrhage, one of which being the duration of the third stage of labour. This stage refers to the interval between the expulsion of the fetus to the expulsion of the placenta. Some bleeding occurs in this stage due to the separation of the placenta Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the length of the third stage of labour. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 women hospitalized for vaginal birth were selected via convenience sampling. The study data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Then, the data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 26.41 (6.26) years. Investigation of the relationship between the study variables and the time of placental separation indicated that a minute increase in the length of membranes rupture caused a 0.003minute decrease in the time of placental separation. However, this time increased by 2.75, 6.68, and 2.86 minutes in the individuals without the history of abortion, those with the history of stillbirth, and those who had not received hyoscine, respectively. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that suffering from preeclampsia or hypertension, history of stillbirth, not receiving hyoscine, and not receiving misoprostol increased the length of the third stage by 4.40, 8.55, 2.38, and 6.04 minutes, respectively. Conclusion: Suffering from preeclampsia and having the history of stillbirth increased and using hyoscine and misoprostol decreased the length of the third stage of labour. However, no significant relationship was found between the length of the third stage of labour and mother’s age, gestational age, parity, mother’s body mass index, mother’s chronic disorders, history of manual placenta removal, length of the first and second stages, membranes rupture, induction, amount of oxytocin after delivery, and infant’s weight and gender.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Burnout Levels of Music Teachers and Their Personalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Deniz Beste CEVIK KILIC
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Qualitative Dimension ◽  
Research Show

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the burnout levels of music teachers and their personalities. The research consisted of 278 music teachers who were selected from various places throughout Turkey via subjective, convenience sampling method. For data collection, the ‘Personal Information Form’, ‘Adjective Based Personality Test’ and ‘Maslach Burnout Scale’ were used. The research involved both quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The data were analyzed by quantitative t-test, multiple regression analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Data for the qualitative dimension of the research were obtained from semi-structured interviews conducted with 5 music teachers. Negative, significant relationships were determined between extroversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness and general burnout, while a positive, significant relationship was determined between neuroticism and general burnout. The burnout variable was found to have a statistically significant effect on the openness, neuroticism and conscientiousness dimensions of the personality types. The effects of conscientiousness and openness dimensions were not, however, found to be significant. The music teachers who had characteristics of extroversion and conscientiousness were found to have higher levels of burnout if they have the characteristics of neuroticism that reduce their exhaustion. The findings of the research show that the effect of personality types on burnout is important.

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