Media Exposure as Predictor of Childhood Obesity in Children Aged 7-12 Years in Gurgaon

Kavita Bhatnagar;  Dr. Roopali Sharma

doi:10.25215/0403.119

Media Exposure as Predictor of Childhood Obesity in Children Aged 7-12 Years in Gurgaon

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0403.119 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Kavita Bhatnagar ◽

Dr. Roopali Sharma

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Computer Games ◽

Fast Food ◽

Early Stage ◽

Media Exposure ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Health Condition ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Obesity And Overweight

Childhood obesity is a serious health condition, where kids weigh above the normal weight for their age. This sets an early stage for diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure, cholesterol and various other ailments that are actually related to adulthood. While the problem is global, it is relatively newer in Indian population but unfortunately; it is growing at a rapid rate. Increased consumption of fast food, sugar laden fizzy drinks, lack of physical activity and largely sedentary lifestyle comprising of watching television, playing video or computer games, playing on mobile phones and tablets due to the changing urban lifestyle are the major causes of childhood obesity.200 children aged 7-12 years attending a Public School in Gurgaon, participated in the study. Weight and height were measured and the BMI was calculated. Media exposure was assessed by a questionnaire designed especially for the study. Among all participants, a large number of children were found to be obese and overweight. Prevalence of obesity and overweight was higher in boys than girls. A large number of children had a screen time of more than five hours per day and several watched Television while eating, many children had TV in their bed rooms, most had Internet access and nearly everyone played video games daily. Easy accessibility of TV, smart phones and Internet has a strong relationship with childhood obesity and overweight.

Download Full-text

Comparing Family-related Factors, Nutritional-behavioral Habits, and Lifestyle Between Obese and Non-obese Children

Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32598/jams.24.2.6229.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 278-291

Author(s):

Yazdan Ghandi ◽

◽

Nooshin Sajadei ◽

Seyed Mojtaba Hashemi ◽

Javad Farahani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Computer Games ◽

Fast Food ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Computer Game ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Related Factors ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Family Nutrition

Background and Aim: Considering the importance of childhood obesity and easier correction of related factors in this age group, the present study aimed to investigate the role of some factors related to family, nutrition, and lifestyle on childhood obesity. Methods & Materials: This age-matched case-control study was performed on 150 obese and 150 healthy children, aged 2-15 years referring to Amir-Kabir Hospital in Arak City, Iran. Obesity was calculated based on Body Mass Index (BMI). Required information, including family factors, nutritional factors, and lifestyle characteristics were collected by a checklist. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.119). Results The results of Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% of Confidence Interval (CI) were in favor of father’s age of 25-35 and over 35 years (0.24), respectively, father’s overweight and obesity (3.87 and 3.57), mother’s overweight and obesity (3.81 and 5.5)7, more than three children per household (3.33), low and high consumption of fruits and vegetables (0.3 and 0.19), breakfast eating (0.43), dietary supplementation (2.68), consuming fast food (3.98), more than two hours of playing a computer game (3.5), chewing well (0.38), using food as a reward (1.89), as well as participating in food and table preparation (3.14). We found a dose-response association between children’s obesity and parents’ BMI, the number of children, and computer games. Conclusion: Obesity is associated with some factors related to the family, such as nutrition, computer games, and lifestyle characteristics. Due to various risk factors and adjustable safeguards, it is necessary to provide families and children with proper education to reduce obesity.

Download Full-text

The relationship between new media exposure and fast food consumption among Chinese children and adolescents in school: a rural–urban comparison

Global Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/1757975915602187 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 40-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francesca Valeria Hansstein ◽

Yu Hong ◽

Chen Di

Keyword(s):

New Media ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Computer Games ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Fast Food ◽

Media Exposure ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Fast Food Consumption

Background: In recent decades, China has experienced an exponential growth in the number of internet users, especially among the youngest population, as well as a rapid proliferation of Western-type fast food restaurants. The health consequences of internet availability and fast food consumption among youth have been largely studied in Western countries, but few studies have focused on China. Objectives: This paper has two goals. The first is to evaluate the differences in new media exposure and preferences for fast foods between rural and urban areas. The second goal is to test the association between new media exposure and fast food consumption. The targets of this analysis are Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–18 attending school at the time of the interview. Methods: Research hypotheses were tested using mean-groups comparisons for differences between rural urban sub-samples, and logistic regressions with odds ratios to estimate the relationship between media exposure and preferences towards fast foods. Cross-sectional data from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey were employed. Results: Watching online videos and playing computer games are behaviors associated with higher probabilities of eating at fast food restaurants in both rural and urban young residents, with higher odds in rural areas. Surfing the internet is associated with higher odds of being overweight in both rural and urban settings. Results also show that children living in rural areas spend significantly more time playing computer games, watching TV and videotapes, but less time doing homework than their urban peers. Conclusions: This paper suggests that monitoring the nutritional effects of new media exposure in China is of key importance in order to develop adequate health promotion policies, in both rural and urban areas.

Download Full-text

Investigatinge the Relationship Between Obesity with Physical Activity, Feeding Behavior and Television Viewing in Students Aged 12-14 Years

The Journal of Tolooebehdasht ◽

10.18502/tbj.v19i4.4522 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hossein Fallahzadeh Abargouei ◽

Naeimeh Keyghobadi ◽

Nahid Azadi ◽

Maryam Shakeri ◽

Raziyeh Alizadeh

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Computer Games ◽

Fast Food ◽

Television Viewing ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

The Relationship

Introduction:Obesity is the most prevalent nutritional disease among children and adolescents in Iran. Awareness of obesity risk factors in childhood and adolescence and their control is one of the most important public health problems. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between obesity, physical activity, food habits and television viewing among students in Yazd . Methods: In this study, 334 students who aged between 12 to14 years old were selected by cluster sampling. Considering age and gender, underweight, normal weight, over weight and obesity were defined as BMI<5 th percentile ,5 <BMI<84.9 th percentile , 85 <BMI<84.9 and BMI ≥95th percentile respectively. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure dietary habits, fined the time that spent on television viewing and playing computer games; and "Fels Paq For Children questionnaire" was used to measure the physical activity in students. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software, Chi-square and multiple logistic regressions. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 17.7% and 21%, respectively. The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in boys (p = 0.006) and students whose mothers had higher education (p = 0.02). The results of logistic regression model showed that consumption fruit once and less than one in week increased the risk of overweight and obesity by 20.07 and14.76 times, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between increase hours of computer games and obesity. There was no relationship between consumption of fast food, soft drinks, cakes, biscuits, chips, puffs and watching TV with obesity and overweight.

Download Full-text

Relationship between Eating Patterns and Body Composition among Young Females in Qatar

University of the Future: Re-Imagining Research and Higher Education ◽

10.29117/quarfe.2020.0219 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fatma Elsayed ◽

Aram Alhammadi ◽

Alanood Alahmad ◽

Zahra Babiker ◽

Abdelhamid Kerkadi

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Fast Food ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Female Students ◽

Eating Patterns ◽

Young Females ◽

Significant Difference

The prevalence of obesity has been increased in Qatar, with the transition from healthy to unhealthy dietary habits. Behavioral factors that are associated with obesity are, long-term imbalanced energy intake, high screen time, skipping breakfast and physical inactivity. Changes in body composition and percent body fat (PBF) increase the risk of non-communicable disease. This study is the first study conducted in Qatar to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and body composition among young females at Qatar University. This cross-sectional study consisted of 766 healthy female students Qatari and non-Qatari aged from 18-26 years randomly selected from different colleges at Qatar University. A validate questionnaire was used in order to collect data about healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. Anthropometric measurements involved body weight, height, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and body composition using “Seca285”, “Seca203” and “InbodyBiospace 720”. Dietary patterns were identified by using factor loading. Linear regression was used to estimate confidence intervals and regression coefficient. More than half of the participants had a normal weight (65.1%), whereas 22.8 % and 12.0% were overweight and obese, respectively. Fat mass, BMI and PBF were slightly increased with age, but there was no significant difference. Factor analysis identified two dietary patterns: unhealthy patterns and healthy patterns. The frequent intake of vegetables and fruits was significant among high PBF female students (p=0.045 and p=0.001, respectively). The frequent intake of fast food was higher for overweight female students but there was no significant difference (p=0.289), whereas, the frequent intake of sweetened beverages was associated with higher significant rate of normal weight among female students (p = 0.009). No significant relation was found between dietary patterns, BMI and PBF. In conclusion, body composition is not significantly associated with healthy and unhealthy eating patterns among young females.

Download Full-text

Gut microbiota markers associated with obesity and overweight in Italian adults

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84928-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vanessa Palmas ◽

Silvia Pisanu ◽

Veronica Madau ◽

Emanuela Casula ◽

Andrea Deledda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Smoking Status ◽

16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Activity Level ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Illumina Platform ◽

Obesity And Overweight ◽

Rrna Gene Sequencing

AbstractIn the present study, we characterized the distinctive signatures of the gut microbiota (GM) from overweight/obese patients (OB), and normal-weight controls (NW), both of Sardinian origin. Fecal bacterial composition of 46 OB patients (BMI = 36.6 ± 6.0; F/M = 40/6) was analyzed and compared to that of 46 NW subjects (BMI = 21.6 ± 2.1; F/M = 41/5), matched for sex, age and smoking status, by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing on MiSeq Illumina platform. The gut microbial community of OB patients exhibited a significant decrease in the relative abundance of several Bacteroidetes taxa (i.e. Flavobacteriaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Flavobacterium, Rikenella spp., Pedobacter spp., Parabacteroides spp., Bacteroides spp.) when compared to NW; instead, several Firmicutes taxa were significantly increased in the same subjects (Lachnospiraceae, Gemellaceae, Paenibacillaceae, Streptococcaceae, Thermicanaceae, Gemella, Mitsuokella, Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Ruminococcus spp., Megamonas spp., Streptococcus, Thermicanus, Megasphaera spp. and Veillonella spp.). Correlation analysis indicated that body fatness and waist circumference negatively correlated with Bacteroidetes taxa, while Firmicutes taxa positively correlated with body fat and negatively with muscle mass and/or physical activity level. Furthermore, the relative abundance of several bacterial taxa belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family, known to exhibit endotoxic activity, was increased in the OB group compared to NW. The results extend our knowledge on the GM profiles in Italian OB, identifying novel taxa linking obesity and intestine.

Download Full-text

Prognostic value of different maternal obesity phenotypes in predicting offspring obesity in a family-based cohort study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10932-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Jalali-Farahani ◽

Parisa Amiri ◽

Bita Lashkari ◽

Leila Cheraghi ◽

Farhad Hosseinpanah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Metabolic Status ◽

World Health ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Obesity In Children

Abstract Background Parental weight is studied as an important determinant of childhood obesity; however, obesity-related metabolic abnormalities have been less considered as determinants of childhood obesity. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal obesity phenotypes and incidence of obesity in their offspring. Methods This longitudinal study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. A total of 2151 non-obese children who had complete parental information were followed for incidence of obesity over a mean of 148.7 ± 34.7 months. Obesity in children was defined using the World Health Organization criteria. Maternal body mass index (BMI) was classified into three categories: normal weight, overweight and obese. Dysmetabolic status was considered as having metabolic syndrome or diabetes. Metabolic syndrome and diabetes were defined according to the Joint Interim Statement and American diabetes association criteria, respectively. Considering maternal BMI categories and metabolic status, six obesity phenotypes were defined as followed: 1) normal weight and normal metabolic status, 2) overweight and normal metabolic status, 3) obese and normal metabolic status, 4) normal weight and dysmetabolic status, 5) overweight and dysmetabolic status, and 6) obese and dysmetabolic status. The association between maternal obesity phenotypes and incidence of obesity in children was studied using Cox proportional regression hazard model. Results In male offspring, the risk of incidence of obesity significantly increased in those with maternal obesity phenotypes including overweight/normal metabolic: 1.75(95% CI: 1.10–2.79), obese/normal metabolic: 2.60(95%CI: 1.51–4.48), overweight/dysmetabolic: 2.34(95%CI: 1.35–4.03) and obese/dysmetabolic: 3.21(95%CI: 1.94–5.03) compared to the normal weight/normal metabolic phenotype. Similarly, in girls, the risk of incidence of obesity significantly increased in offspring with maternal obesity phenotypes including overweight/normal metabolic: 2.39(95%CI: 1.46–3.90), obese/normal metabolic: 3.55(95%CI: 1.94–6.46), overweight/dysmetabolic: 1.92(95%CI: 1.04–3.52) and obese/dysmetabolic: 3.89(95%CI: 2.28–6.64) compared to normal weight/normal metabolic phenotype. However, maternal normal weight/dysmetabolic phenotype did not significantly change the risk of obesity in both male and female offspring. Conclusion Except for normal weight/dysmetabolic phenotype, all maternal obesity phenotypes had significant prognostic values for incidence of offspring obesity with the highest risk for obese/dysmetabolic phenotype. This study provides valuable findings for identifying the first line target groups for planning interventions to prevent childhood obesity.

Download Full-text

Body composition in childhood: effects of normal growth and disease

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2003261 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 521-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

J. C. K. Wells

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

General Interest ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Adult Disease ◽

Increased Risk

Body composition in children is of increasing interest within the contexts of childhood obesity, clinical management of patients and nutritional programming as a pathway to adult disease. Energy imbalance appears to be common in many disease states; however, body composition is not routinely measured in patients. Traditionally, clinical interest has focused on growth or nutritional status, whereas more recent studies have quantified fat mass and lean mass. The human body changes in proportions and chemical composition during childhood and adolescence. Most of the weight gain comprises lean mass rather than fat. In general, interest has focused on percentage fat, and less attention has been paid to the way in which lean mass varies within and between individuals. In the general population secular trends in BMI have been widely reported, indicating increasing levels of childhood obesity, which have been linked to reduced physical activity. However, lower activity levels may potentially lead not only to increased fatness, but also to reduced lean mass. This issue merits further investigation. Diseases have multiple effects on body composition and may influence fat-free mass and/or fat mass. In some diseases both components change in the same direction, whereas in other diseases, the changes are contradictory and may be concealed by relatively normal weight. Improved techniques are required for clinical evaluations. Both higher fatness and reduced lean mass may represent pathways to an increased risk of adult disease.

Download Full-text

The “Great Wave”: Childhood Obesity and Overweight

American Heart Journal ◽

10.1016/j.ahj.2021.10.072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 242 ◽

pp. 174-175

Author(s):

N. Boutrid ◽

M. Amrane ◽

H. Rahmoune

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Obesity And Overweight

Download Full-text

Abstract 6262: Obesity in Childhood is Associated With an Impaired Regenerative Capacity of Circulating Progenitor Cells and Vascular Dysfunction

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.s_1169-c ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽

Author(s):

Sandra Erbs ◽

Robert Höllriegel ◽

Axel Linke ◽

Agnieszka Burman ◽

Daniela Friebe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Early Stage ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Reactive Hyperemia ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Obese Children ◽

Regenerative Capacity ◽

Lean Children

The raising prevalence of obesity in childhood appears to preceed the development of atherosclerosis and the increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. This might be related to the fact that already in children, obesity is associated with classical risk factors for coronary disease, like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes. Therefore, aim of the present study was to evaluate, whether obese children (compared to lean controls) are characterized by vascular damages and altered regenerative capacity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CPCs) as an early indicator of developing atherosclerosis. Methods: In 30 obese (11±3 years of age, BMI 28.1±1.3) and 30 lean control children (12±3 years of age, BMI 17.5±0.4) insulin sensitivity was evaluated by oral glucose tolerance testing (OGT). Peripheral flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and intima media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery were assessed as measures of vascular integrity. The number of CD34/KDR+ CPCs was quantified using FACS analysis and the functional capacity of CPCs was determined by migration assay. Results: Obesity in early childhood is associated with peripheral insulin resistance as an early manifestation of diabetes (serum insulin in OGT after 120 min: 543±102 pmol/L in obese vs. 275±39 pmol/L in lean, p<0.05). FMD was significantly impaired in obese compared to lean children (reactive hyperemia index 1.25±0.05 vs. 1.55±0.08, p<0.05). Already in childhood, obesity was accompanied by a gain in IMT (0.40±0.01 mm vs. 0.30±0.01 mm in lean, p<0.05). Obese children had significantly reduced numbers of circulating CPCs compared to lean children (70±7 vs. 119±13 cells/mL blood, p<0.05). There was an inverse correlation between the number of CPCs and the extent of obesity as determined by BMI-SDS (r=−0.27, p<0.05). Additionally, functional capacity of CPCs was significantly reduced in obese children (migration following a SDF-1 gradient: 170±31 CPCs/1000 plated CPCs in obese vs. 258±37 CPCs/1000 plated CPCs in lean, p<0.05). Conclusion: Already in childhood, obesity is associated with an impaired endogenous regenerative capacity, which might result in generalized vascular damage as an early stage of atherosclerosis.

Download Full-text

Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade entre mulheres eutróficas

Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas ◽

10.9771/cmbio.v11i2.6682 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Marcela Ribeiro da Costa ◽

Durval Sobreiro Júnior ◽

Crésio Alves

Keyword(s):

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

World Health ◽

Font Size ◽

Percentage Body Fat ◽

Obesity And Overweight ◽

Skin Fold ◽

Methods Of Evaluation ◽

Health Organization ◽

Body Compositions

Introdução - Apesar da ampla utilização e significativa correlação do IMC (Índice de Massa Corporal) com o diagnóstico de sobrepeso e obesidade, estudos recentes sugerem pouca associação dos valores intermediários de sobrepeso com o percentual de gordura corporal, o que pode subestimar a prevalência de elevada adiposidade e seus riscos à saúde. Métodos - Este estudo comparou o diagnóstico de mulheres consideradas eutróficas pelo critério de IMC preconizado pela OMS (Organização Mundial de Saúde) com a avaliação segundo o cálculo do percentual de gordura corporal aferido por pregas cutâneas. Foram analisadas as fichas de avaliação física de duzentas e quatro alunas matriculadas em uma academia exclusiva para mulheres de Salvador, Bahia, em 2010. Foram analisados peso, altura, prega cutânea tricipital, supra-ilíaca e coxa, além dos cálculos de IMC e percentual de gordura corporal através do programa EVO®. Resultados - Foi observado que apenas 25,95% das mulheres eutróficas pelo valor do IMC permaneceram com mesmo diagnóstico nutricional após avaliação do percentual de gordura corporal. A prevalência de obesidade, segundo o IMC, foi de 6,37% da amostra total, enquanto essa prevalência entre mulheres eutróficas pelo IMC, após avaliação da composição corporal, foi de 38,17%, 6 vezes maior. Observou-se, também, influência da idade na adequação do IMC e percentual de gordura corporal. Discussão - Os achados deste estudo foram compatíveis com outros resultados encontrados na literatura, sugerindo subdiagnóstico do sobrepeso e da obesidade através da classificação do IMC e a necessidade da associação de métodos para uma avaliação clínica mais adequada e um diagnóstico do estado nutricional mais preciso. Abstract Introduction: The BMI (Body Mass Index) is the major parameter currently recommended by the WHO (world health organization) to determine the diagnosis and the treatment to obesity and overweight. The intermediate BMI classification could underestimate the diagnosis when is compared with other evaluation methods. Methods: the aim of this paper is show the relationship between normal BMI and the high percentage body fat evaluated by skin fold thicknesses protocol (Pollock, 1984) in woman from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil in 2010. We compared the classification diagnosis based in BMI and skin fold thicknesses in 204 women age between 20 to 59 years. Results: in our sample, according with the classification based in BMI 74% of subjects was considered normal weight. When we analyzed the skin fold classification only 26% remain with the same diagnosis. Conclusions: Our outcome shows the role of the BMI in the diagnosis of the obesity and overweight must to be considerated and added to other methods of evaluation of the body compositions a skin fold protocols.

Download Full-text