Strategic Value Framing for Brownfield Redevelopment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norsyuhada Ab Razak ◽  
Normawani Kerya ◽  
May Sari Hendrawati ◽  
Syarah Syazana Nordin ◽  
Noor Shakila Abd Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Recovery Factor ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Facility Design ◽  
Brownfield Redevelopment ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Strategic Value ◽  
Value Framing

Abstract Objectives/Scope Field A is a brownfield that has been produced for 52 years under natural depletion via a total of 207 strings. The field comprises 7000 ft of reservoir section, multiple fault blocks and over 200 separate reservoir units has been produced to date. Despite the long period of production, the field recovery factor (RF) to date is only 29%. To improve the RF, a strategic assest value framing exercise was carried out to identify the additional subsurface opportunities i.e. infill well drilling, secondary recovery, late field life appraisal in underdeveloped fault blocks as well as adopting standardized low well concepts and the design one build many facility design concept to reduce cost and accelerate development. The main purpose of the exercise was to capture the overall opportunities for the field, outline the roadmap and phase out the project with suitable wells and facilities design to bring down the cost for project commerciality. Methods, Procedures, Process The integrated workflow of the exercise involved subsurface, drilling, facilities, operations and economist and took a total of 3 months to complete. The process started off with a RF benchmarking exercise utilizing a newly developed inhouse RF benchmarking tool to compare the current attained vs the attainable RF(EUR) and identify incremental reserves. The number of new wells required to develop the incremental reserves was estimated by analyzing EUR per well trends over time. This analysis indicated that on a campaign basis the current realistic average EUR per well is in the order of 0.7-1.0 MMstb per well. The preliminary well placements are guided by bubble maps of all reservoirs, in a top to bottom & block by block approach, to identify underdeveloped areas and combining these areas into stacks of reservoirs that can be combined and developed with simpler wells from existing or future facilities. The drilling team has designed a few simple trajectories to penetrate shallower to deeper reservoirs and proposed the drilling center within a radius of 2 km from the targets. This approach differs from the object-based approach where individual high EUR targets are chased with more complex wells drilled from a specific location during a platform campaign. Result, Observations, Conclusions Potential additional reserves and 6 new projects have been identified which would result in a field recovery factor increase of 11%, of which 2 projects are being accelerated to realize early first oil. Timelines for all the projects have been mapped out with the aim of completing all within the next 10 years. A dedicated project management team has been formed to support the project from the initial stage. Detail Full Field Review study will be conducted to mature all the opportunities up to development stage. The listed projects will follow the low cost well guideline established in the framing as well as fast track facility design concept. Novel/added value The strategic value framing exercise is a systematic approach that provide a total picture of the future opportunities to optimize field production/EUR and maximize commercial value of brownfield redevelopment.

scholarly journals Towards Iron-Titanium Oxide Nanostructures from Ecuadorian Black Mineral Sands

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Karina J. Lagos ◽  
Bojan A. Marinkovic ◽  
Alexis Debut ◽  
Karla Vizuete ◽  
Víctor H. Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Oxide Nanostructures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pre Treatment

Ecuadorian black mineral sands were used as starting material for the production of iron-titanium oxide nanostructures. For this purpose, two types of mineral processing were carried out, one incorporating a pre-treatment before conducting an alkaline hydrothermal synthesis (NaOH 10 M at 180 °C for 72 h), and the other prescinding this first step. Nanosheet-assembled flowers and nanoparticle agglomerates were obtained from the procedure including the pre-treatment. Conversely, nanobelts and plate-like particles were prepared by the single hydrothermal route. The nanoscale features of the product morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The ilmenite and hematite molar fractions, within the ilmenite-hematite solid solution, in the as-synthetized samples were estimated by Brown’s approach using the computed values of unit-cell volumes from Le Bail adjustments of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) patterns. The resulting materials were mainly composed of Fe-rich ilmenite-hematite solid solutions (hematite molar contents ≥0.6). Secondary phases, which possibly belong to lepidocrocite-like or corrugated titanate structures, were also identified. The current study demonstrated the feasibility of employing Ecuadorian mineral resources as low-cost precursors to synthesize high-added-value nanostructures with promising applications in several fields.

Full-field X-ray diffraction microscopy using polymeric compound refractive lenses

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1882-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hilhorst ◽  
F. Marschall ◽  
T. N. Tran Thi ◽  
A. Last ◽  
T. U. Schülli
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Polymeric Compound ◽  
Full Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Imaging

Diffraction imaging is the science of imaging samples under diffraction conditions. Diffraction imaging techniques are well established in visible light and electron microscopy, and have also been widely employed in X-ray science in the form of X-ray topography. Over the past two decades, interest in X-ray diffraction imaging has taken flight and resulted in a wide variety of methods. This article discusses a new full-field imaging method, which uses polymer compound refractive lenses as a microscope objective to capture a diffracted X-ray beam coming from a large illuminated area on a sample. This produces an image of the diffracting parts of the sample on a camera. It is shown that this technique has added value in the field, owing to its high imaging speed, while being competitive in resolution and level of detail of obtained information. Using a model sample, it is shown that lattice tilts and strain in single crystals can be resolved simultaneously down to 10−3° and Δa/a= 10−5, respectively, with submicrometre resolution over an area of 100 × 100 µm and a total image acquisition time of less than 60 s.

scholarly journals Seasonal Influence on the Performance of Low-Cost NO2 Sensor Calibrations

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7919
Author(s):  
Sjoerd van Ratingen ◽  
Jan Vonk ◽  
Christa Blokhuis ◽  
Joost Wesseling ◽  
Erik Tielemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Short Period ◽  
No2 Sensor ◽  
One Year

Low-cost sensor technology has been available for several years and has the potential to complement official monitoring networks. The current generation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensors suffers from various technical problems. This study explores the added value of calibration models based on (multiple) linear regression including cross terms on the performance of an electrochemical NO2 sensor, the B43F manufactured by Alphasense. Sensor data were collected in duplicate at four reference sites in the Netherlands over a period of one year. It is shown that a calibration, using O3 and temperature in addition to a reference NO2 measurement, improves the prediction in terms of R2 from less than 0.5 to 0.69–0.84. The uncertainty of the calibrated sensors meets the Data Quality Objective for indicative methods specified by the EU directive in some cases and it was verified that the sensor signal itself remains an important predictor in the multilinear regressions. In practice, these sensors are likely to be calibrated over a period (much) shorter than one year. This study shows the dependence of the quality of the calibrated signal on the choice of these short (monthly) calibration and validation periods. This information will be valuable for determining short-period calibration strategies.

scholarly journals Iranian Steel Industry: Domination of Dispersed Direct Reduction Plants in an Inefficient Value Chain and a Droughty Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Ghazinoory ◽  
Mehdi Fatemi ◽  
Abolfazl Adab
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Steel Ingot ◽  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Easy Access

Abstract Iran has a great advantage in the development of the steel industry due to its access to mineral resources and energy, extensive consumer market, and low-cost labor. In this article, the Iranian steel value chain in 2014-2016 is studied using the value chain analysis and material flow analysis. Accordingly, based on the statistics related to the input and output of each echelon in the chain, the material flow is analyzed throughout the value chain. Then the total added value from the chain, the share of different stages, and the various costs in each echelon are calculated. According to the research findings, weakness in the development of transportation infrastructure and poor geographical distribution of value chain units has led to the deviation of production from nominal capacity and frequent imports/exports throughout the chain. On the other hand, the upstream industries have a permanent advantage that deeply roots in easy access to the minerals and lower costs in transportation and energy. Finally, the pricing of intermediate products based on the ratio of steel ingot prices is criticized, while wage conversion and commodity purification contracts are proposed as possible solutions for the reduction of overhead costs.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF FORMATION REGIMES FOR BILAYER COBALT DYSPROSIUM INTERMETALIC SURFACE ALLOY

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Vadym Kovalenko ◽  
Denis Kondratyev ◽  
Valerii Kotok ◽  
Olga Chernova ◽  
Ihor Kovalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Modern Development

High tech industrial fields on modern development stage are in need of construction materials with an optimal ratio of volume and surface properties, along with low cost of material itself. As evidenced by studies, in order to give a set complex of properties to a workpiece that operates under specific conditions, it is often sufficient to only modify its surface area. Over the course of studies, by means of gravimetric, influence of technological parameters (temperature and time samples are kept in the melt) on specific mass change of cobalt samples, that act as substrate, during electroless diffusive saturation with dysprosium in eutectic melt of lithium and potassium chlorides have been studied. A mathematical dependency was established for specific mass change of cobalt samples on time spent in melt for temperature range of 873–973 K. Composition of intermetallic coats obtained on surface of cobalt samples was studied means of EDX and SEM analyses. It was discovered, that for chosen temperature range, diffusion layers formed on surface of cobalt samples consists of two structural zones that correspond to Co-Dy and Cp2Dy phases.

Pervasive Healthcare

2010 ◽  
pp. 84-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Boye
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Ambient Assisted Living ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Pervasive Healthcare

Pervasive healthcare is a vision for the future of healthcare. Healthcare provisions can be delivered with high quality at low cost along with higher patient-experienced quality and satisfaction as a service on top of a pervasive computing infrastructure, which can be built by integrating communicating computerpower into industrial products and fixed structures in urban and rural spaces. For pervasive healthcare, integration with on body networks sensors and actuators may also be needed. This chapter discusses the prerequisites of this vision from a point of a healthcare professional. A number of parallel advances in concepts have to take place before pervasive healthcare (PH) is matured into a general method for delivering healthcare provisions. The contemporary, most widespread model of healthcare provisions as industrial products with consumer-goods characteristics has to mature into the concepts of welfare economics. New market models have to be developed for PH to pervade society and add value to the health aspects of an individual’s life. Ethical and legal aspects must also be further matured. Maturation of technology is needed. This includes all the components of the “pervasive loop” from sensors to the central intelligence back to the actuators. The “virtual patient/healthy human” as an operational digital representation of the “object/subject of care” also has to be developed. Pervasive healthcare (or the European Union term: ambient assisted living) is a promising field, that has potential to integrate health considerations and health promoting activities for patients and non-patients in their everyday conduct and provide added value to life quality for individuals.

Economic impact of low-cost carrier in a saturated transport market: Net benefits or zero-sum game?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Pratt ◽  
Markus Schuckert
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Low Cost Carrier ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
Displacement Effects

The introduction of low-cost carriers (LCCs) can improve the accessibility of destinations, stimulate suppressed demand, and offer transportation attractive to lower income residents. This present study estimates the economic contribution of the entry of an additional LCC into a mature transport market. Both primary and secondary data are used to estimate both direct and indirect economic impacts to the host economy. This research framework captures both displacement effects and the demand for an additional LCC among domestic travelers leaving the destination. Taking these effects into account, there is limited net economic contribution to the host economy with a mature transport market. Based on these findings, local governments as well as aviation policymakers are advised to consider all the economic injections and leakages created by the potential LCC in assessing the economic feasibility of new entrants, especially considering the development stage of a transport market.

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