scholarly journals Efficacy of Saponins From Helianthus annuus Roots on Antihyperglycemic, Antiperoxidative and Antihyperlipidemic Effects in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebola Busola Ojo ◽  
Isaac Gbadura Adanlawo ◽  
Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Strong Inhibition ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

The present study evaluates the antihyperglycemic, antiperoxidative and antihyperlipidemic activities of saponins from Helianthus annuus roots in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Thirty rat’s weights between 100-150 g was used for the study and divided into six groups of five rats each. Group A was non-diabetic rats; the remaining five groups was induced intraperitoneal with 150 mg/kg of alloxan monohydrate. Group B was diabetic control, while group C, D, E and F was treated with saponin (100, 200, 300 and 500 mg/kg) for 21 days. Administration of saponins significantly reduced the elevated levels of glucose, decreased total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the serum towards normalcy compared to the diabetic control (p ˂ 0.05). In addition, saponins exhibited strong inhibition of lipid peroxidation and increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in the liver, kidney and pancreas compared to the diabetic control (p ˂ 0.05). Results suggest that saponins from Helianthus annuus root can enhance the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and may have the potential to be used in the prevention or in the management of diabetes.

scholarly journals Normoglycaemic, Normolipidaemic and Antioxidant Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Acacia ataxacantha Root in Streptozotocin - induced Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Rotimi Olusanya ARISE ◽  
Tosan AKAPA ◽  
Moshood A. ADIGUN ◽  
Abeeb Abiodun YEKEEN ◽  
Oluwafemi O. OGUNTIBEJU
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

The antidiabetic, normolipidaemic, antioxidant and safety evaluations of ethanolic extract of Acacia ataxacantha roots (EEAAR) were investigated in streptozotocin - induced diabetic rats, to verify its use in traditional African medicine and as alternative to synthetic normoglycaemic agents in diabetic treatments. Thirty albino rats (Rattus novergicus) were randomized into six groups - control, diabetic control, EEAAR-treated at 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg body weights (b.wts.) and metformin groups, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoid, saponins, tannins and terpenoid. Blood glucose was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) especially after 7 days of oral administration of EEAAR at 125 mg/kg b.wt with values (110.01 ± 9.64 mg/dl) similar to that of the control (106.33 ± 4.13 mg/dl). There was an increase (p < 0.05) in the ALT and AST activities of the liver and serum of rats in all the groups except in those that received 125 mg/kg b.wt. Serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased (p < 0.05) upon administration of the extract and metformin. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in malondialdehyde concentration of rats administered with 125 mg/kg b.wt. of extract and metformin. Superoxide dismutase activity was elevated (p < 0.05) in all groups and compared favourably with the control in each of the tissues. This study revealed the antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic effects of EEAAR, which may be due to the antioxidant properties of some of the phytochemical constituents. However, the extract may not be safe at large and repeated doses.

scholarly journals Short-Term Feeding of Fibre-Enriched Biscuits: Protective Effect against Hepatotoxicity in Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ochuko L. Erukainure ◽  
Osaretin A. T. Ebuehi ◽  
Folasade O. Adeboyejo ◽  
Olufunmilola O. Oladunmoye ◽  
Muhammad Aliyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

The effects of fibre-enriched biscuit on biomarkers associated with hepatotoxicity in diabetic rats were investigated. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate. Treatment lasted for 14 days after which the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood serum was analyzed to determine hepatic function enzymes. The liver was also analyzed to determine hepatic lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes. Induction of diabetes led to elevated levels of ALP, AST, and ALT. These were, however, significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the fibre-enriched biscuit fed (treated) group. There was no significant difference in the serum bilirubin and total protein levels of the studied groups. Reduced albumin level was observed in the diabetic group; this was further lowered on feeding with fibre-enriched biscuits. Induction of diabetes led to increased hepatic level of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and lipid peroxidation and decreased activities of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and HDL level. These were significantly (p<0.05) reversed on feeding with fibre-enriched biscuit. This study portrays the protective effect of fibre-enriched biscuit on increased oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in hepatic tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals “A Comparative Study of Efficacy of Atorvastatin Alone and Atorvastatin with Omega-3 Fatty Acids Combination in Patients with Hyperlipidaemia Attending Tertiary Care Hospital”

2021 ◽  
pp. 482-490
Author(s):  
C. Srinivasa ◽  
K. La Kshminarayan ◽  
V. Srinivas ◽  
B. V. S. Chandrasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Current treatment with statins has become an integral part of vascular diseases but monotherapy has a significant residual event rate. Due to particularly one of the factor associated with atherogenic lipid phenotype that is characterized by a low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and increase in non-HDL cholesterol like Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Omega-3 Fatty acids have demonstrated a preventiverole in primary and, particularly secondary cardiovascular diseases.  Hence this study was planned to compare the efficacy of Atorvastatin alone with Atorvastatin and Omega-3 fatty acids in treatment in hyperlipidaemia patients. Methods: The study was comparative, randomized, and prospective and open labeled conducted in MI patients. A total of 100 patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided randomly into two Groups (Group–A and Group-B). Group-A was given Atorvastatin 10mg/day and Group-B was given Atorvastatin 10mg/day and Omega-3 fatty acids 600mg/day for 6 months. Follow up was done every month and efficacy was measured by assessing the lipoprotein levels in serum. Results: The results were compared before treatment and after 6 months treatment.The levels were significantly decreased Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), Triglycerides (TG) and HDL levels were increased in Group–A and Group-B. When these results compared between two Groups the HDL levels were increased also it shown high significance (<0.001) but there were no significance changes in other cholesterol levels. Conclusion: The present study results showed that Atorvastatin and Omega-3 fatty acids treatment was more effective than Atorvastatin alone treatment in improving HDL-C levels from base line and it may have a additive effect in major coronary artery diseases.

scholarly journals Study of serum lipid profile and magnesium in preeclampsia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1445
Author(s):  
Hymavathi K. Reddy ◽  
Vineela P. ◽  
Bhargavi M. Chowdary
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: A comparative study of serum lipid profile and magnesium levels in normal pregnancy versus preeclampsia (PE).Methods: A prospective study done for 2 years (October 2014 to October 2016) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Narayana medical college and hospital, a tertiary care centre, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. A sample size of 200 pregnant women, recruited and divided into group A and B. group A being women with PE and group B is normal pregnant women.A10ml of venous blood was collected in the fasting state and serum collected from clotted blood to measure lipid profile, magnesium, Apo lipoprotein A-I and Apo lipoprotein B 100.Serum Lipid profile  measured by enzymatic method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum magnesium measured by dye binding method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using Humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum ApoA-I and ApoB were measured by immune-turbidometry using commercial kits from Spinreact Spain. Urine albumin done by dipstick method.Results: Serum total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), Apo lipoprotein B 100 (Apo B100) were high and serum Magnesium, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and Apo lipoprotein A1(Apo A1) were low in the study group (group A) compared to controls (group B).Conclusions: Abnormal lipid profile (low HDL and increased TG concentration) and serum hypomagnesaemia may be contributing etiologies of preeclampsia, having good predictive value as a screening procedure for PE in high risk pregnant population.

S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide mitigates histopathological damage, alleviate oxidative stress and promotes immunomodulation in diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Licyanne Ingrid C. Lemos ◽  
Matheus Anselmo Medeiros ◽  
João Paulo M.S. Lima ◽  
Tatiane O. Teixeira ◽  
Camila Alexandrina Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Cysteine Sulfoxide

Abstract Objectives S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCS) is a hydrophilic cysteine-containing natural compound found in plants and is known to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. We investigated the antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties of SMCS, as well as histopathological changes in the liver and pancreas in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods The rats were divided into the following groups: control (CG), comprising non-diabetic rats; STZ-DB, comprising STZ-induced diabetic rats; and STZ-SMCS, comprising STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with SMCS. SMCS (200 mg/kg) was administered by gavage daily for 30 days. Biochemical and cytokine analyses, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities assays and histopathological analysis of liver and pancreas tissues were performed. Results SMCS treatment reduced glycemia (p<0.05), decreased triglyceride (p<0.01) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels (p<0.01), and increased SOD and CAT activity in the liver (both p<0.01) compared with STZ-DB group. Higher activity values of IL-10 were observed in the STZ-SMCS group than in the other groups (p<0.001). Liver glycogen was significantly improved in the STZ-SMCS group compared with the STZ-DB group. SMCS also ameliorated damage to pancreatic islets, which resulted in restoration of their morphology. Conclusions Oral treatment of SMCS showed improvement of the morphological alterations in liver and pancreatic islet in diabetic rats. These beneficial morphological effects of SMCS can be partially explained by IL-10 modulation associated with antioxidant action.

scholarly journals Pleurotus tuber-regiumPolysaccharides Attenuate Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Yu Huang ◽  
Mallikarjuna Korivi ◽  
Ying-Ying Chaing ◽  
Ting-Yi Chien ◽  
Ying-Chieh Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Pleurotus tuber-regiumcontains polysaccharides that are responsible for pharmacological actions, and medicinal effects of these polysaccharides have not yet been studied in diabetic rats. We examined the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant properties ofP. tuber-regiumpolysaccharides in experimental diabetic rats. Forty rats were equally assigned as diabetic high-fat (DHF) diet and polysaccharides treated DHF groups (DHF+1P, DHF+2P, and DHF+3P, 20 mg/kg bodyweight/8-week). Diabetes was induced by chronic low-dose streptozotocin injections and a high-fat diet to mimic type 2 diabetes. Polysaccharides (1P, 2P, and 3P) were extracted from three different strains ofP. tuber-regium. Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels substantially decreased, while serum insulin levels were restored by polysaccharides treatment compared to DHF. Furthermore, plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly(P<0.01)lower in polysaccharide groups. High-density lipoprotein levels were attenuated with polysaccharides against diabetes condition. Polysaccharides inhibited(P<0.01)the lipid peroxidation index (malondialdehyde), and restored superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver of diabetic rats. The antihyperglycemic property of polysaccharides perhaps boosts the antioxidant system that attenuates oxidative stress. We emphasize thatP. tuber-regiumpolysaccharides can be considered as an alternative medicine to treat hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antihyperlipidaemic and Antioxidant Activity of Astercantha longifolia (Linn.) Nees and Pergularia daemia (Forsskal) Chiov

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
T. P. Kumari Pushpa Rani ◽  
A. Doss ◽  
S. P. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant and antihyperlipidaemic effect of methanol extracts of Asteracantha longifolia and Pergularia daemia leaf in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Swiss albino rats were made diabetic by a single dose of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg i.p.). Blood glucose levels and body weights of rats were measured using on weekly intervals i.e day 0,7,14 and 21 after daily administration of both extracts at dose 200 mg/kg bw. Other biochemical parameters such as serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, phospholipids and serum protein, albumin, globulin levels were also measured at the end of study. The antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD & GSH) were also measured in the diabetic rats. Results: In the acute toxicity study, methanol extract of both plants were non-toxic at 2000 mg/kg in rats. The increased body weight, decreased blood glucose and other biochemical parameters level were observed in diabetic rats treated with methanol extracts of both plants compared to diabetic control rats. The antioxidant activity of both plant extracts were also exhibited significant activity. In diabetic rats, methanol extract of both plants administration, altered lipid profiles were reversed to near normal than diabetic control rats. Conclusions: Methanol extract of both plants (Asteracantha longifolia and Pergularia daemia) leaf possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidaemic activity in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Role of lipid profile and uterine artery doppler in predicting risk of preeclampsia in early second trimester

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1806
Author(s):  
Sheena Chopra ◽  
Sangeeta Pahwa
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Uterine Artery Doppler ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Background: Preeclampsia is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome and is a major cause of the fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at finding the role of lipid profile and uterine artery Doppler as a reliable predictor of risk of preeclampsia in early second trimester.Methods: This study is conducted in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital, Amritsar. Lipid profile and Uterine artery doppler is estimated in 100 antenatal women from 14-20 weeks of period of gestation who met the inclusion criteria and are followed up till delivery or till preeclampsia sets in.Results: Out of 100 subjects 74 remained normotensive (Group A) and 26 developed preeclampsia (Group B). The mean serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) was significantly higher in Group B as compared to group A women. The Preeclamptic women showed significant fall in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) level as compared to normal pregnant women. The mean S/D ratio, PI and RI values of uterine artery Doppler were higher for group B and were statistically significant.Conclusions: The combined predictive value of lipid profile and uterine artery Doppler for estimating risk of preeclampsia was more reliable than of any of the test individually.

scholarly journals Blood Lipids and Its Atherogenic Indices in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
O. D. Chikezie ◽  
S. C. Meludu ◽  
I. S. I. Ogbu ◽  
B. N. Egejuru ◽  
T. Ude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Indices ◽  
Diabetes Induction

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders which result to excessive accumulation of blood sugar over a prolonged period. Due to higher risk of diabetes mellitus to cardiovascular disease, it is crucial to identify and address these cardiovascular risks. This study assessed the effects of diabetes on levels of some blood lipids and its atherogenic indices in diabetic male rats. Methods: This is an experimental study that involved 40 apparently healthy adult male albino rats (wistar strain) which were randomly assigned to five groups (A, B, C, D and E) of eight (8) animals each. Group A (Normal Control of No intervention for 72 hours), Group B (Diabetic rats of 72 hours post diabetes induction), Group C (metformin treated diabetic rats), Group D (Diabetic Control untreated) and Group E (Normal Control of 3 weeks post diabetes induction). Seven milliliters of fasting blood sample were collected from all the subjects. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c) were determined using standard methods. Atherogenic indices, non HDL cholesterol (Non HDL-c), cardio risk ratio (CRR), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), atherogenic coefficient (AC) and atherosclerosis index (AI) were calculated. It was analyzed statistically using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The mean values of HDL-c was significantly higher in the treated diabetic group when compared with untreated diabetic control (P<0.05) while TC, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c, Non HDL-c, CRR, AIP, AC and AI were significantly lower in treated diabetics when compared to the untreated diabetic control (P<0.05). Also, blood mean levels of HDL-c were significantly lower in the diabetic groups (treated and untreated) when compared with non diabetic control (P<0.05) while TC, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c, Non HDL-c, CRR, AIP, AC and AI were significantly higher in the diabetic groups (treated and untreated) when compared with non diabetic control (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study suggests that atherogenic indices can serve as predictive pointer for future cardiovascular event especially, when LDLc value is normal. Also hyperglycemia could cause significant alterations of lipids, but metformin treatment has showed not only hypoglycemic effect, but also anti-hyperlipidemic properties.

scholarly journals Parabolic relationship between plasma triacylglycerols and LDL-cholesterol in familial combined hyperlipidaemia: the multiple-type hyperlipidaemia explained?

2008 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn C. G. J. Brouwers ◽  
Jacqueline de Graaf ◽  
Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek ◽  
Anna M. Georgieva ◽  
Carla J. H. van der Kallen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Disorder ◽  
Parabolic Relationship ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Multiple Type

FCHL (familial combined hyperlipidaemia) is a highly prevalent genetic lipid disorder that accounts for a substantial number of premature cardiovascular events. To date, FCHL has been complicated by the different lipid phenotypes that are present within one family and one individual patient over time. In the present study, we hypothesized that a parabolic relationship between plasma triacylglycerols (triglycerides) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol can explain this so-called ‘multiple-type hyperlipidaemia’ in FCHL. Our hypothesis was tested in two well-documented FCHL cohorts [Maastricht (n=145) and Nijmegen (n=299)] that were followed over a 5-year interval. Three groups were constructed depending on plasma triacylglycerols: group A (individuals with both measurements below 1.5 mmol/l), group B (one measurement below and one measurement above 1.5 mmol/l) and group C (both measurement above 1.5 mmol/l). In both male, but not female, cohorts, a significant positive relationship between plasma triacylglycerols and LDL-cholesterol was observed in group A (P=0.02 for Maastricht cohort and P=0.001 for the Nijmegen cohort), a significant negative relationship in group C (P=0.01 for Maastricht cohort and P=0.02 for the Nijmegen cohort), and a relationship intermediate to group A and C in group B. In contrast, both apoB (apolipoprotein B) levels and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease were related with plasma triacylglycerols in a more linear fashion. In conclusion, a parabolic relationship between plasma triacylglycerols and LDL-cholesterol explains the ‘multiple-type hyperlipidaemia’ in FCHL. In addition, the linear relationship between triacylglycerols and both apoB levels and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease substantiate the use of apoB instead of LDL-cholesterol in the diagnosis of FCHL and the prediction of cardiovascular disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document