scholarly journals Evaluation of Normal Morphology of Mandibular Condyle: A Radiographic Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Bhupender Singh ◽  
Nileena R. Kumar ◽  
Anita Balan ◽  
Mohammed Nishan ◽  
P. S. Haris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Normal Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Condylar Morphology

Objectives: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex, highly specialized joint. Along with the teeth, these joints are considered to be a “tri-joint complex.” Mandibular condyle morphology is characterized by a rounded bone projection with an upper biconvex and oval surface in axial plane. Anatomical knowledge of the TMJ is one of the basic foundations of clinical practice, allowing the understanding of TMJ pathologies and fabrication of condylar prostheses. The cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken to evaluate normal variation in the condylar morphology on radiographs in persons without TMJ symptomatology and its relation to age, gender, dentition status, chewing habits, parafunctional habits, history of orthodontic treatment, and denture wearing was assessed. Material and Methods: A total of 350 subjects without TMJ symptomatology included in the study were further grouped by age, gender, dentition status, chewing habits, parafunctional habits, history of orthodontic treatment, and denture wearing history. Panoramic radiograph was taken for the assessment of condylar morphology. Results: A significant association between dentition status and bilaterally similar condylar morphology was noticed. Bilaterally similar condyles were seen in 81.4% of subjects. Round-shaped condyles were seen in 176 (62%) persons. Loss of bilateral occlusion tends to alter the condylar morphology. Association between normal chewing habits and bilaterally similar condyle shapes was significant. Conclusion: The study describes the normal morphology of mandibular condyles in a population attending the tertiary dental care center, Kozhikode. The dentition status and chewing habits of individuals had a significant role in determining condylar morphology.

scholarly journals Optimal Use of a Panoramic Radiograph as a Screening Tool for Condylar Resorption in Patients Undergoing Active Orthodontic Treatment: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Shaima Malik ◽  
Shilpa Singh ◽  
Robby T. George ◽  
Mayank Kakkar ◽  
Nikhilesh R. Vaid
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Specific Medication

Condylar resorption of temporomandibular joint findings in the panoramic radiographs is an indication of bone resorption suggesting possible degenerative joint disease that warrants early screen and subsequent referral to a dedicated specialist. This case series reports three patients that underwent the active orthodontic treatment for the duration of approximately 24–36 months. The patients were asymptomatic at the initial examination. The clinical examination was negative for clicking; the range of motion on opening, lateral excursion, and protrusion was normal. Neither of these patients had a history of rheumatic disease or bruxism. During the later stages of orthodontic treatment, two of the three patients reported mild pain and clicking during mastication, which was also confirmed chairside on clinical evaluation. Patients were referred to the orofacial pain specialist, were they were prescribed specific medication for the symptoms, along with cognitive behavioral therapy, and were further evaluated for splint therapy. Panoramic radiographs taken before the start of the treatment, during the treatment and at the completion of the orthodontic treatments indicate the progression in the resorption of mandibular condyle in all three patients suggesting possible degeneration that warrants further investigation and therapy.

Risks of Neoplasia and Malignancy in Surgically Resected Cystic Parotid Lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Brian C. Boursiquot ◽  
Nancy J. Fischbein ◽  
Davud Sirjani ◽  
Uchechukwu C. Megwalu
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diagnostic Samples ◽  
Cystic Masses

Objectives To evaluate the risks of neoplasm and malignancy in surgically treated cystic parotid masses compared with solid or mixed lesions and to evaluate the performance of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in parotid cysts. Study Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting Single-institution academic tertiary care center. Subjects and Methods Patients without a history of human immunodeficiency virus or head and neck cancer who underwent parotidectomy for parotid masses and had preoperative imaging to characterize lesions as cystic, solid, or mixed (ie, partially cystic and partially solid). We assessed the risks of neoplasia and malignancy, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, facial nerve weakness, and history of malignancy. We also evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of FNA. Results We included 308 patients, 27 of whom had cystic parotid masses (5 simple and 22 complex). Cystic masses were less likely to be neoplastic compared to solid or mixed masses (44% vs 97%; odds ratio [OR], 0.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.07); however, there was no difference in the risk of malignancy (22% vs 26%; OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.32-2.10). Cystic masses were more likely to yield nondiagnostic FNA cytology results, but for diagnostic samples, FNA was 86% sensitive and 33% specific for diagnosing neoplasia and 75% sensitive and 83% specific for diagnosing malignancy. Conclusion In our population, cystic masses undergoing surgery were less likely to be neoplastic but had a similar risk of malignancy as solid masses. The risk of malignancy should be considered in the management of cystic parotid masses.

Frequency of mesiodens among school children in Multan, southern Punjab.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 682-685
Author(s):  
Rabia Zafar ◽  
Talha Ashar ◽  
Asma Shakoor ◽  
Javed Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Children ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To know the frequency of mesiodens among school children in Multan, Southern Punjab. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: In Two Private Schools and Two Public Schools. Period: December 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: In this study 340 students were equally selected from private and government schools for study and were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed consent of the patient/guardian was taken. Medical and dental history of the patient was taken. Every child was examined by two expert dentists with mirror, probes and tweezers. Results: In this study out of 340 individuals 29 individuals showed the presence of mesiodens. Out of these 29 individuals 20 were males and 9 were female. Conclusion: Mesiodens are quite common and is more common in male. Early identification and management is necessary to prevent complications and tooth loss.

Orthodontic Treatment Need in Bangladeshi Young Adults Evaluated Through Dental Aesthetic Index

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kajol Chandra Paul ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Aim : The objectives of this study were to evaluate the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Bangladeshi young adults by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Government and private college of Dhaka and Netrokona, Bangladesh. A total of 405 students (from 17 to 25 years old) were selected by convenience sampling. Students wearing orthodontic appliance or reporting a history of orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study. Clinical examinations were conducted using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The chi-square test (x2) was used to compare malocclusion severity. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the changes in DAI scores and the mean DAI scores between various age groups. The t test was used to compare the mean DAI scores between sex groups.Results: 405 college students were examined, 305(75.3%) were boys and 100(24.7%) were girls. Most of the  students 277(68.4%) had DAI scores ? 25 with no or little malocclusion requiring slight  or no  orthodontic  treatment, 76(18.8%) had DAI score of 26-30 with definite malocclusion requiring elective orthodontic  treatment, 34(8.4%) had DAI score of 31-35 with severe type of malocclusion requiring highly desirable orthodontic treatment, 18(4.4%) had DAI score ? 36 with very severe or handicapping malocclusion requiring mandatory orthodontic treatment.Conclusion: The majority of the students in our study (68.4%) required no or little treatment; (12.8%) had definite malocclusion requiring definite orthodontic treatment.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2

scholarly journals Insidens Riwayat Hipertensi dan Diabetes Melitus pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner di RS. Dr. M. Djamil Padang

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Yuriandini Yulsam ◽  
Fadil Oenzil ◽  
Efrida Efrida
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

AbstrakPenyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan salah satu penyakit non-infeksi yang menjadi sorotan dunia. Hal ini terkait dengan adanya perubahan gaya hidup seiring dengan perkembangan zaman. WHO pada tahun 2008 memperkirakan 17,3 juta jiwa meninggal akibat penyakit kardiovaskular, 7,3 juta jiwa diakibatkan oleh PJK dan 6,2 juta akibat strok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran insidens riwayat hipertensi dan diabetes melitus pada pasien PJK di RS. Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang yang dilakukan di Bagian Rekam Medik RS. Dr. M. Djamil Padang yang berlangsung dari Februari 2012 sampai Maret 2013. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 184 rekam medik, tetapi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 124 sampel Pengolahan data dilakukan secara manual dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi frekuensi pasien PJK berdasarkan usia yaitu kelompok usia 51-56 tahun sebesar 30,64% dan sebagian besar adalah laki-laki (75%). Prevalensi riwayat hipertensi pada pasien PJK didapatkan sebesar 46,77%, sedangkan riwayat diabetes melitus sebesar 10,48%.Kata kunci: penyakit jantung koroner, hipertensi, diabetes mellitus AbstractCoronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the non-infectious disease that become the world spotlight. It is associated with a change in lifestyle paralel to the era development. WHO in 2008 estimated that 17,3 million people died from cardiovascular disease, 7,3 million attributable to CHD, and 6,2 million died due to stroke. The objective of this study was to describe the incident history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patient with CHD in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang. This was a descriptive study with cross sectional design which carried out in Medical Record of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang from February 2012 until March 2013. The population in this study were 184 medical record, but the samples had the inclusion and exclusion criteria were 124 medical record. All data were processed and analysed by manually and then the data shown by frequency distribution table. The result showed the highest distribution of CHD patient based on age is in the age group of 51-56 years, and majority were male (75%). The prevalence of hipertension history in CHD patient is 46.77% while a history of diabetes mellitus is 10,48%.Keyword: coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Need for orthodontic treatment in a sample of Ecuadorian adolescents from Cojitambo, 2017.

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-108
Author(s):  
Diego Naula ◽  
Cristina Crespo ◽  
Paúl Vergara ◽  
Ebingen Villavicencio
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Compulsory Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Elective Treatment ◽  
A Minor

Aim: To determine the need for orthodontic treatment in Ecuadorian adolescents aged 13 to 18 years in Cojitambo, 2017. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was made including 140 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years, 50% males. For determining the prevalence of malocclusion, a visual clinical examination was performed to obtain the data required using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Results: 37.14% of the adolescents presented a minor malocclusion (without the need for treatment), 20% a definitive malocclusion (need for elective treatment), 30% a severe malocclusion (highly desirable treatment) and 12.86% a very severe malocclusion (mandatory treatment). No statistically significant differences were found by sex (p =0.53) or by age (p =0.05). Conclusion: There is a higher prevalence of adolescents who had a normal occlusion without the need of orthodontic treatment and the ones with the lowest prevalence were adolescents with very severe malocclusion that needed compulsory treatment, without differences by sex or age.

MEASLES

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 1116-1121
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahoorul Haq ◽  
Najaf Masood ◽  
Muddassar Sharif ◽  
Rai Muhammad Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

Background:Despite efforts to promote widespread vaccination,measles stillremains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children especially in developingcountries. The aim of this study was to review the pattern and outcome of measles patientsadmitted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH) Rawalpindi during measles epidemic 2013.StudyDesign: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period:Three months during measles epidemic 2013(March - May). Setting:Pediatric department BBH Rawalpindi. Materials and Methods:Dataregarding demographic profile, clinical presentation, complications and outcome of measlespatients was collected and analyzed using SPSS 15.Results:A total of 192 patients of bothsexes were included with mean age of 35.48+32.71 months. Majority of patients(71.4%) wereunvaccinated and 88% had history of contact with measles patients. The common complicationsobserved were pneumonia and pneumonia with gastroenteritis and both were found statisticallysignificant in patients with malnutrition and low socioeconomic status.Conclusion:The currentstudy concluded that improving measles immunization and nutritional status in children isessential for reducing morbidity and mortality of measles.

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