New opportunities of drug delivery in oncology

Author(s):  
А.В. Бойко ◽  
Н.Д. Олтаржевская ◽  
В.И. Швец ◽  
Л.В. Демидова ◽  
Е.А. Дунаева ◽  
...  

Цель исследования. Разработка методов сопроводительной терапии для защиты нормальных органов и тканей, входящих в зону облучения. Методы. В исследование включено 112 больных раком шейки и тела матки после комбинированного или самостоятельного лучевого лечения с 2012 по 2016 гг. У 71 пациентки основной группы в качестве терапии сопровождения применяли гидрогель с деринатом и у 41 больной группы контроля - традиционные методы профилактики (масло оливковое, подсолнечное, метилурациловая мазь). Для профилактики эпителиита слизистой влагалища и шейки матки в основной группе использовали гидрогель в виде аппликаций с первого дня облучения. Для профилактики лучевого ректита гидрогель вводили в прямую кишку 1 раз в день с первого дня облучения. Инстилляции гидрогеля в мочевой пузырь начинали только при развитии первых признаков клинической картины цистита. Пациенткам контрольной группы для профилактики лучевых реакций проводились масляные, мазевые аппликации во влагалище, масляные микроклизмы в прямую кишку с первого дня облучения. Лечение лучевого цистита проводили с помощью растительных диуретиков, уросептиков. Результаты. Применение гидрогеля с деринатом позволило провести курс лучевой терапии без перерыва у 84,5% (60/71) больных, в контрольной группе - лишь у 48,8% (20/41). Лучевые циститы возникали в 2,5 раза реже (25,3% ± 3,3 против 63,4% ± 2,7, р<0,01). Анализ степени выраженности лучевого цистита по RTOG в двух группах показал, что у 75% больных основной группы наблюдалась I степень, у 25% - II степень, III и IV степени не отмечено, тогда как в контрольной группе лучевой цистит I степени развился у 44% пациенток, II - 40% и III - 16% больных. Применение гидрогеля снизило частоту лучевых ректитов в 2 раза (26,7% ± 3,3 против 53,7% ± 3,2 р<0,1).При использовании ежедневных аппликаций гидрогеля с деринатом со стороны слизистой оболочки влагалища и шейки матки преобладали эпителииты I степени (53,5%), II степень наблюдалась у 29,5% и III степень лучевой реакции - лишь в 16,9% случаев, IV степень реакции не отмечена. В контрольной группе эти показатели составили 26,8%, 24,3%, 31,7% и 17,2% соответственно. Разработаны цитологические критерии оценки течения лучевых реакций слизистой влагалища. Выделены три степени изменения цитограммы, которые коррелировали с клинической картиной. В основной группе лучевые изменения I степени зафиксированы в 4,5 раза чаще (52 ± 9,9% против 11,5 ± 6,3%, р<0,002), а III степень представлена в 3,8 раза реже, чем в контрольной группе (12 ± 6,5% против 46,1 ± 9,8%, р<0,003). Заключение. Применение гидрогелевого материала с деринатом в качестве препарата сопроводительной терапии во время курса облучения позволяет уменьшить частоту и степень выраженности лучевых повреждений со стороны слизистой влагалища, мочевого пузыря и прямой кишки, провести курс лучевой терапии без перерыва и улучшить качество жизни пациенток. Objective. Development of methods for accompanying therapy to protect normal organs and tissues in the irradiation zone. Method. The study included 112 patients with cervical and endometrial cancer after combined or independent radiotherapy from 2012 to 2016. In 71 female patients of the main group, Derinat with hydrogel was applied as a supportive therapy and in 41 patients of the control group, conventional prevention methods (olive oil, sunflower oil, methyluracyl ointment) were applied. For prevention of vaginal mucosal and cervical epitheliitis in the main group, hydrogel was used as applications from the first radiation day. For prevention of radiation proctitis, hydrogel was injected into the rectum once daily from the first radiation day. Hydrogel instillations into the bladder were started only with the first clinical signs of cystitis. For prevention of radiation reactions, vaginal oil and ointment and rectal oil micro-enema were administered to patients of the control group from the first day of irradiation. Radiation cystitis was treated with vegetable diuretics and uroseptic drugs. Results. Using the hydrogel with Derinat allowed to administer a course of radiotherapy without interruption in 84.5% (60/71) of patients and only in 48.8% (20/41) in the control group. Radiation cystitis occurred 60% less frequently (25.3% ± 3.3 versus 63.4% ± 2.7, p <0.01). Analysis of radiation cystitis severity in two groups (according to RTOG) showed that 75% of patients in the main group had grade I and 25% had grade II. Grade III and grade IV did not occur. At the same time, in the control group, grade I radiation cystitis developed in 44% of patients, grade II - in 40%, and grade III - in 16% of patients. The hydrogel treatment halved the frequency of radiation proctitis (26.7% ± 3.3 vs. 53.7% ± 3.2 p <0.1). With daily application of the hydrogel with Derinat, grade I epitheliitis (53.5%) predominated in vaginal and cervical mucosa, grade II was observed in 29.5%, and grade III radiation reaction - only in 16.9% of cases; grade IV reaction was not observed. In the control group, these proportions were 26.8%, 24.3%, 31.7%, and 17.2%, respectively. Cytological criteria were developed to evaluate the course of radiation reactions in the vaginal mucosa. Three degrees of change in the cytogram were identified, which correlated with clinical picture. In the main group, incidence of grade I radiation-induced changes was increased by more than 350% (52 ± 9.9% vs. 11.5 ± 6.3%, p <0.002), and incidence of grade III was decreased by more than 70% compared to the control group (12 ± 6.5% vs. 46.1 ± 9.8%, p <0.003). Conclusion. Using the hydrogel material with Derinat as an accompanying therapy during the course of irradiation allows to reduce frequency and severity of radiation injuries of the vaginal mucosa, bladder, and rectum, administer an uninterrupted course of radiotherapy, and improve the quality of life of patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Alexandr A. Bezmenko ◽  
Natalya D. Sadovaya

Hypothesis/aims of study. It is assumed that intestinal dysbiosis, as well as bacterial vaginosis, may be one of the risk factors, and in some cases, the direct cause of pregnancy complications. This study was aimed to assess the intestinal and vaginal microbiocenosis composition in women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy. Study design, materials and methods. The study involved 68 women aged 18 to 35 years (mean age 27.6 0.7 years) in pregnancy from 6 to 18 weeks. The main group consisted of 38 women with threatened miscarriage. The control group included women (n = 30) with normal pregnancy. Patients of the main and control groups were examined in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health order No. 572n. In addition, a qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis of vaginal discharge and feces was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Results. Vaginal dysbiosis was detected in 60.5% of pregnant women of the main group and only 13.3% of women of the control group. In the main group, grade II dysbiosis was found in 23.7% of cases, and grade I dysbiosis in 36.8% of cases, while in the control group, these grades were found only in 3.3% and 10% of cases, respectively. Intestinal dysbiosis was diagnosed in 100% of the examined pregnant women. In patients of the main group, intestinal dysbiosis was detected as follows: grade I in 29% of cases, grade II in 52.6% of cases, and grade III in 18.4% of cases. In patients of the control group, the disorders corresponded mainly to grade I (83.4%) and, to a lesser extent, grade II (16.6%) dysbiosis, there being no cases of severe dysbiosis revealed. Conclusion. Women with threatened miscarriage had the most pronounced dysbiotic changes in vaginal and intestinal microflora compared to the control group. Vaginal dysbiosis was combined with intestinal dysbiosis in 100% of cases in patients of the main and control groups, and the degree of dysbiotic changes in the vaginal microflora was directly proportional to the degree of intestinal dysbiosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341-1345
Author(s):  
Nataliia G. Gadzhula ◽  
Irina M. Horlenko ◽  
Maryna A. Goray ◽  
Anastasiia M. Kvirikashvili

The aim: The research was to evaluate the effectiveness of acute traumatic pulpitis treatment with the use of bioceramics according to the results of a clinical study. Materials and methods: Acute traumatic pulpitis of 25 teeth in 25 patients aged 18-25 years were treated by biological direct pulp capping. In 13 patients of the main group, bioceramics was placed on the exposed pulp, and in 12 patients of the control group, calcium hydroxide paste was applied on the exposed pulp. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated according to the following criteria: the absence of clinical signs of pulpal inflammation, on X-ray – signs of dentinal bridge formation, the absence of periapical changes. Results: The use of bioceramic material in patients of the main group provided a positive dynamic of treatment in 12 teeth. The need for re-treatment was diagnosed only in 1 clinical case (7.7%), in the control group – in 4 cases (33.3%). Conclusions: Pulpitis treatment with the use of bioceramics provides preserving the functional properties of pulp, creation of a calcified barrier – dentin bridge and prevents the periodontal complications compared to the pulp capping with a material based on calcium hydroxide. The effectiveness of treatment in the main group was 92.3%, in the control – 66.7%.


2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Bezmenko ◽  
Natalia D. Sadovaya ◽  
Marina E. Meshkova ◽  
Elena A. Malakhova

Hypothesis/Aims of study: Systemic endotoxinemia resulting from intestinal dysbiosis activates the Th1 immune response and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, which can cause abortion. This study was aimed at assessing interleukin levels in women with the threat of miscarriage and exploring their dependence on intestinal microbiocenosis and the level of endotoxinemia. Study design, materials and methods: The study involved 87 women aged 18 to 43 years in pregnancy from six to 22 weeks. The main group consisted of 50 women with a threatened miscarriage. The control group included 37 women with normal pregnancy. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of intestinal microbiocenosis was performed by real-time PCR, with endotoxin and interleukin levels evaluated using conventional methods. Results: In patients of the main group, intestinal dysbiosis of grade I was detected in 30 % (n = 15), of grade II in 46 % (n = 23), and of grade III in 24 % (n = 12) of cases. In the control group, intestinal microflora disorders corresponded to grade I dysbiosis in 67.6 % (n = 25) and grade II dysbiosis in 32.4 % (n = 12) of cases, there being no cases of severe dysbiosis revealed. The level of endotoxin in pregnant women of the main group was 0.57 0.02 nmol / ml and was classified as increased. The endotoxin level in the blood serum of pregnant women of the control group was 0.34 0.02 nmol / ml and was characterized as low (p 0.001). A strong correlation was found (r = 0.8, p 0.001) between the grade of intestinal dysbiosis and the level of endotoxinemia. The cytokine profile in patients of the main group was characterized by increased concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 4.9 1.6 pg / ml, IL-6 4.8 1.5 pg / ml) and a decreased concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10 18.0 4.5 pg / ml), when compared to the control group (IL-1 1.8 0.2 pg / ml, IL-6 2.1 0.2 pg / ml, IL-10 30.3 4.4 pg/ml). There were a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between the level of endotoxinemia and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a weak negative correlation between the endotoxin level and the concentration of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Conclusion: Endotoxinemia, which occurs as a result of intestinal microflora dysbiosis and activates pro-inflammatory pathways, can really be as a triggering factor in the pathogenesis of miscarriage in pregnant women.


2017 ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
E.V. Kravchenko ◽  

The objective: the study of the status of the embryo and extraembryonic structures for bleeding that is not associated with the detachment of the chorion in the first trimester of gestation. Patients and methods. Were examined 34 patients in the gestational age 6-9 weeks (main group) with bleeding from the genital tract, in which, at the primary ultrasonic inspection revealed no detachment of the chorion. The control group included 30 women with uncomplicated course And trimester of gestation. The average age of the pregnant women of the main group was 25.3±3.1 years in the control group 26.4±4.3 years. All women underwent standard clinical and laboratory examination. Results. Studies have shown that prognostic markers of unfavorable development of the embryo in the early stages of pregnancy bleeding not related to chorion detachment was not detected. For the purpose of hemostasis in pregnant of the main group of prescribed drugs traneksamic acid 0.25 mg 3-4 times a day for 3 days. Traneksam – antifbrinolytic tool is able to block not only plasminogen, and plasmin that has already formed. It also stimulates the synthesis of collagen, through which increases the elasticity of the fibrin clot. Pregnant women in both groups received vitamin E 1 capsule per day magnesium products, Magnicum 1 tablet 3 times a day, folic acid 400 micrograms per day. Assessing clinical signs of disease in dynamics of treatment, it should be noted that the hemostasis in the main group was achieved in an average of 2.3±0.7 days. Conclusion. Bleeding in early gestation, not connected with the detachment of the chorion, the use of Traneksam provides fast absolute hemostasis, which in turn contributes to the normalization of tone of the uterus and the physiological course of placentation. Key words: bleeding in early pregnancy, the chorion detachment, hemostasis, hemostatic therapy, Traneksam.


Author(s):  
A. Babintseva

Introduction. Full - term newborns with clinical signs of severe perinatal pathology constitute a high risk group of the formation of urinary system functional disorders, the diagnostic of which in the early neonatal period is complicated. Objective of the research was to study the condition of renal functions in critically ill full - term newborns during the first week of their life by means of detection of specific biomarkers level in the blood serum and urine. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical - paraclinical examination of 36 critically ill newborns (the main group) and 37 conditionally healthy newborns (the control group) has been conducted. Laboratory methods ofexamination included detection of the levels of creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium ions in the blood and urine, as well as protein, albumin, immunoglobulin G, a - - microglobulinand $ - microglobulinin urine. Results and discussion. The neonates of the main group as compared to the control one presented statistically significant higher levels of creatinine (р<0,01) and urea (р<0,001) in the blood serum against the ground of lower glomerular filtration rate (р<0,05) and the level ofpotassium ions (р<0,01); in the urine — statistically significant lower level of creatinine (р<0,01), higher levels of urea (р<0,001) and sodium ions (р<0,05). Evaluation of urineproteinogramin the main group of newborns as compared to the control group enabled to find statistically significant higher levels of protein (р<0,01), albumin (р<0,01), immunoglobulin G (р<0,05), a - - microglobulin (р<0,01), $ - - microglobulin (р<0,01). Conclusions. Critically ill full - term newborns with perinatal pathology receiving treatment in the Intensive Care Unit are under conditions of a complex influence of potentially nephrotoxic factors (hypoxia, reoxygenation - reperfusion, infection, artificial lung ventilation, infusion, inotropic, transfusion and antibacterial therapy). Severity of general condition, morpho - functional immaturity of the organism, multiple organ failure due to underlying perinatal pathology “obscure” renal symptoms and complicate the diagnostics of renal function disorders. The biochemical changes found in critically ill newborns require timely diagnostics to correct therapeutic measures on the stage of intensive therapy with the aim to prevent the development of severe renal pathology and chronic renal failure in future.


2021 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
V.O. Dityatkovsky ◽  
◽  
O.E. Abaturov ◽  
N.V. Naumenko ◽  
O.O. Alifirenko ◽  
...  

One of the main genetic factors of the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the filagrin gene (FLG), particularly rs_7927894 FLG. One of the mostly studied and promising AD marker chemokines (CK) is the thymusE and activation regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17). Purpose – to detect the associations and role of different variants of SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene and TARC/CCL17 in children suffering different AD clinical proE files (CP) – isolated or combined with comorbid atopic disorders (AtD). Materials and methods. The main group comprised 39 patients aged 3 to 18 years, suffering the isolated AD or combined with comorbid AtD. The control group comprised 47 patients aged 3 to 18 years, suffering the pathology of gastrointestinal tract without clinical signs of atopy. All the patients of the main and control groups had undergone detection of the genotype variants of SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene by real-time polymerase chain reaction and detection of TARC/CCL17 serum concentrations in venous blood. The cutEoff value of statistical significance was set as p<0.05. Results. The incidence and association of genotype variants C/C, C/T and T/T SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene in patients of cohorts of the studied groups were detected as follows: C/T rs_7927894 FLG was significantly the most common in the general main group (56.4%, p<0.05), within the cohort of CP AD isolated (61.1%, p<0.05) and CP of AD combined with comorbid AtD (52.4%, p<0.05). There were detected the associations of studied SNP with AD: C/T rs_7927894 FLG is significantly directly associated with AD (r=0.291, p<0.05), C/C rs_7927894 FLG has a reverse association with a trend to significance (r=-0.194, p=0.07). Mean serum concentrations of TARC/CCL17 did not differ significantly among patients cohorts of the main and control groups, respectively: general main group — 615.8 pg/ml, main with a CP AD isolated — 651.3 pg/ml, main with a CP of AD combined with comorbid AtD — 585.4 pg/ml, control — 608.4 pg/ml (p>0.05). Associations of serum TARC/CCL17 concentrations were determined as follows: elevation trending to significance within increasing AD severity degree (r=0.290, p=0.07) and significant elevation within the AD exhacerbation period (r=0.426, p<0.05). No significant association of TARC/CCL17 as to AD patients compared to the control group was detected in our study (r=-0.027, p>0.05). Conclusions. The genotype heterozygote variant C/T rs_7927894 FLG is significantly the most common and associated with all AD CP in children — isolated and combined with comorbid AtD. Variant C/C rs_7927894 of FLG gene is significantly reversely associated with AD in children. Serum concentrations of TARC/CCL17 did not reveal any significant differences between the AD patients and nonEatopic ones. However, they significantly elevate within AD exacerbation phase and trending to significance within AD severity degree increase in children. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: atopic dermatitis, children, associations, polymorphism, filaggrin, thymus- and activation regulated chemokine.


1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Serajul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
ABM Ziaur Rahman ◽  
Mahmudul Haque ◽  
Nazibun Nahar ◽  
Abu Taher

The present study was designed to analyze serum AST, ALT levels in different grades of protein energy malnutrition to facilitate early diagnosis, management and rehabilitation of PEM. The serum AST and ALT levels of 50 children of aged 5months to 5 years of both sexes were studied. Among them, 30 children suffering from protein energy malnutrition of 3 different grades were selected for experimental group. Age and sex matched 20 apparently healthy children with no systemic disorder and with weight/height ratio greater than 80% were included in control group. Serum AST and ALT levels were measured by kinetic ultraviolet method according to International Federation of Clinical Chemistry. Data were analyzed statistically by un-paired student 't' test. Mean Serum AST and ALT levels of different grades of protein energy malnutrition were significantly higher (p<0.001) than that of control. Values of mean serum AST and ALT levels were highest in grade-I PEM and it were significantly higher (p<0.001) than both grade-II and grade-III. Again mean serum AST and ALT levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in grade-II PEM than that of grade-III PEM. The elevated levels of serum AST and ALT is due to tissue break down and hepatobiliary disorder. The results of this study indicate that serum ALT and AST levels are increased in PEM which varies according to its severity. Key Words: Aminotranserase; Malnutrition; Protein  DOI:10.3329/jbsp.v2i0.978 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2007 Dec;(2): 17-19.


Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Fattahi ◽  
Fatemeh Sedaghat ◽  
Mahyar Malekzadeh ◽  
Amir Ali Nejat ◽  
Maryam Poostkar ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Meningiomas are one of the most common tumors of the brain and central nervous system. The key role of endocan in predicting tumor growth and prognosis has been shown for several types of cancers; however, this role in meningiomas has not been evaluated. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between endocan serum levels with low- and high-grade meningiomas. Results The serum level of endocan in the group with meningiomas was 283.34 (242.09-358.70) pg/ml and in the control group was 250.29 (207.56-329.71) pg/ml respectively (P = 0.172). Afterwards, patients were divided into three different groups (grades I, II, and III) and compared to the control. The level of endocan in the group with grade I of meningioma showed no significant difference compared to control individuals (P = 0.86). When patients with grade II and grade III compared with the control group, endocan serum levels were statistically significant (P = 0.002, P < 0.001 respectively). Moreover, our findings showed that the different grades of meningiomas were statistically significant compared to each other (P < 0.001) regarding endocan serum levels, meaning that the higher the grade, the higher the endocan serum levels. Conclusion Our findings revealed that higher grades of meningioma had higher endocan serum levels, however, the role of endocan in pathogenesis or progression of this type of tumor requiring further exclusively assessment.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiu-Wu Bai ◽  
Shui-Yi Gu ◽  
Xiao-Li Sun ◽  
Hai-Wen Lu ◽  
Shu Liang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CYFRA21-1 are the commonly used biomarkers to identify patients with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (APAP). However, it is not clear which of the biomarkers is more sensitive to the severity of the patient’s condition.Methods: APAP patients numbering 151 were enrolled in this study. All patients’ severity was assessed through the severity and prognosis score of PAP (SPSP). According to the respective laboratory upper limits of serum levels of LDH, CEA and CYFRA21-1, APAP patients were divided into higher and lower-level groups. Patients were divided into five groups based on SPSP. 88 patients had completed six months of follow-up. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and critical point of LDH, CEA and CYFRA21-1 between APAP patients and normal control group, and between grade 1-2 and 3-5 through receiving operating characteristics (ROC) curve.Results: Serum LDH, CEA and CYFRA21-1 levels of patients with PAP were higher and distinctly related to PaO2, FVC, FEV1, DLCO, HRCT scores and SPSP. The SPSP of patients in higher-level LDH, CEA and CYFRA21-1 groups were higher than those of corresponding lower-level groups. Based on SPSP results, the patients were divided into five groups (grade I, 20; grade II, 37; grade III, 40; grade IV, 38; grade V, 16). The serum level of CYFRA21-1 of patients with APAP in grade II was higher than that of patients in grade I and lower than that of patients in grade III. Serum CYFRA21-1 of patients with APAP after six months were higher than the baseline among the aggravated group. Serum LDH, CEA and CYFRA21-1 levels after six months among patients in the relieved group of patients with APAP were lower than the baseline. ROC correlating LDH, CEA and CYFRA21-1 values with APAP severity (between grade 1-2 and 3-5) showed an optimal cutoff of LDH of over 203 U/L (< 246 U/L), CEA of over 2.56 ug/L (< 10 ug/L), and CYFRA21-1 of over 5.57 ng/ml (> 3.3 ng/ml) (AUC: 0.815, 95% CI [0.748-0.882], sensitivity: 0.606, specificity: 0.877).Conclusion: CYFRA21-1 was a more sensitive biomarker to assess the severity of APAP.


Author(s):  
M. Yе. Fesenko ◽  
N. V. Shaposhnikiva ◽  
M. M. Fastovets ◽  
L. A. Zhuk ◽  
O.O. Kalyuzhka

Introduction. The problem of congenital chlamydial infection is still remaining relevant due to the difficulties in its diagnosis and peculiarities of the course. The aim of this study was to clarify the dynamics of the severity and nature of the affection of the central nervous system in the case of congenital chlamydial infection. Materials and methods. 103 newborns were examined. Catamnestic observations were performed during a year. Specific diagnosis was made by polymerase chain reaction with the detection of chlamydia DNA in the blood serum of newborns. The main group included 80 children; the second control group consisted of 23 healthy children. The group III involved 36 children assessed as having satisfactory health status at birth, whose mothers had Chlamydia infection. Results and discussion. Analysis of the results showed that visceral forms with congenital chlamydial pneumonia were diagnosed in almost 50% of newborns; localized forms (congenital conjunctivitis) were diagnosed in 7.5% of children. 45% of newborns of the main group had no clinical signs of the disease. Neurosonography was performed in dynamics. It demonstrated that lenticular vasculopathy, areas of increased echogenicity, thickening of the ventricular walls, both alone and in combination were found only in the children of the main group and could be regarded as markers of intrauterine infection. Neurosonographic examination during the 1 year of life of the children in the main group indicated the presence of pathological changes. In the children of the control group markers of intrauterine infection were not detected. Thus, the obtained neurosonographic data confirm the long-term and damaging effects of chlamidia infection in the children of the main group. Conclusion. Pathological changes detected by neurosonography persisted during the first year of life and correlated with the formation of stato-kinetic developmental delay, muscular dystonia syndrome, and cerebral palsy in children.


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