scholarly journals EXPORT DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE KURSK REGION UNDER SANCTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A BELYAEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
External Relations ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Kursk Region ◽  
The Eu

The deterioration of the political and economic situation in recent years on the wave of exacerbation of relations with Ukraine and the resulting introduction of several sanctions from the EU countries against Russia threatened the foreign economic activity established over the years. If the restriction on imports can act as a positive factor, contributing to the implementation of the policy of protectionism and import substitution, then the reduction in export volumes has a significant negative impact. During the study, an assessment of the development of exports of the Kursk region in the conditions of sanctions was given, the main trends and their causes were identified. It was found that over the past 5 years, the total export volume of the Kursk region has doubled and reached 792.5 million dollars. At the same time, in the territorial structure of the region's exports, the overwhelming share is taken by exports to non-CIS countries, which today account for more than 70% of total volume, and the dynamic growth in value reached $ 569.3 million by 2019. In turn, export to the CIS countries has not been actively developed and occupies less than 30% of the total volume. The basis of the region's exports today are mineral products, which account for about 58% of the total. The importance of export development is difficult to overestimate: the development of international trade contributes not only to the establishment of external relations, but is also a profitable activity that can finance the internal needs of the state.

scholarly journals IMPORT TRENDS OF THE KURSK REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOOD EMBARGO

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A BELYAEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Kursk Region ◽  
Subsequent Introduction ◽  
The Eu

For quite a long period of time, Russia has been developing its foreign trade activities, the main directions of export are energy resources, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, as well as minerals. At the same time, the change in the political situation against the background of the conflict with Ukraine and the subsequent introduction of a package of sanctions by the EU countries inevitably had a significant negative impact on the country's export-import relations. In response to sanctions pressure, Russia introduced a food embargo in 2014, thereby restricting the import of imported goods, which brought financial losses for the main importing countries, but also affected the country's food supply. During the study, an assessment was made of the development of imports of the Kursk region under the conditions of the food embargo, the main trends and their causes were identified. It was found that the volume of imports in the Kursk region in the last 5 years has been changing in a wave-like manner: in the period 2015-2016. there was a decrease in the import of goods, and since 2017, the upward trend has resumed. Reduction in import volumes in 2015-2016 due to the introduction of the food embargo and the intensification of the policy of import substitution, however, it soon became obvious that it was not possible to meet the emerging needs from internal resources.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITIES OF THE KURSK REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N NADZHAFOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
World Market ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
Foreign Trade Activity ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Foreign Trade Turnover ◽  
Kursk Region

The development of Russia's foreign trade is facing a number of difficulties caused primarily by the instability of the external environment of the world market and its politicization, which negatively affects all participants in relations. Political tensions in 2014 and subsequent counter-restrictive measures had a negative impact on the development of export-import relations in the regions of the country, the Kursk region was no exception. The region has a significant foreign trade potential in accordance with its industrial and agricultural specialization, in connection with which the study of the features of the current development of foreign trade activity is an urgent area of analysis. In the course of the study, the features of the development of foreign trade activities of the Kursk region in 2014-2019 are considered, the prevailing trends and their causes are identified. It has been established that over the past 6 years, the foreign trade turnover of the Kursk region has varied in waves: the period of decline is due to a change in the political situation in 2014, which led to a significant decline in foreign trade activity in the period 2015-2016. However, by 2017, the pace began to recover, and in 2019 it exceeded the pre-crisis level. Since 2016, the region has a stable positive trade balance, which indicates a more active development of exports than imports and emphasizes the export orientation, as well as the implementation of the import substitution strategy. An assessment in the context of the main foreign trade directions showed that over the past 6 years there has been a structural shift: if earlier the main importing countries were the CIS countries, and the exporters were non-CIS countries, today the overwhelming share of foreign trade operations falls on the far abroad.

Contemporary Crisis Trends in European Union’s Development and Their Influence on Ukraine – EU Relations

2017 ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Nataliia Popova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
External Relations ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Crises Management ◽  
The Eu

The European Union is currently facing multiple crises and challenges, the future shape and character of the Union are being increasingly questioned. The processes occurring in the EU have direct impact on its external relations with other countries. The aim of the article is to analyse the contemporary peculiarities and problems of European Union's development and its impact on further relations between Ukraine and the EU. It argues that the crises management has become a new daily reality for Europe since 2009. Further, the article briefly examines the most significant crisis trends in the EU: economic problems, migration crisis, Euroscepticism, security challenges, Brexit. The latter is considered from two perspectives: as the first step to EU's disintegration and as the chance to rethink the European project. Economic problems as Euro crisis, debt crisis, unemployment are discussed and the main measures for their solving are outlined. The origins, scale and consequences of migration crisis for the EU are determined in the article. The next analyzed problem is the rise of Euroscepticism in the EU, the most influential eurosceptic parties in different EU-countries are named. Key security challenges for the EU with the emphasis on the Russian aggression in eastern Ukraine are examined at the end of the article. As the result of analysis it is concluded that the contemporary problems of the EU have mainly negative impact on the development of the Ukraine-EU relations and its future strongly depends on that, how and when the European Union will overcome all effects of recent crises. Keywords: European Union (EU), Ukraine, migration crisis, Euroscepticism, Brexit, Russian-Ukrainian conflict

scholarly journals Crisis process in the development of European Countries at the current stage of the EU

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Tetjana Humeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Process ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu

Purpose.. The aim of the article is to analyze the issues of the relationship between the phenomena of convergence and divergence on the basis of the activities of the European Union. Methodology. The methodology involves a comprehensive study of theoretical and practical material on this subject, as well as formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific cognition were used in the research process: dialectical, terminological, formal and logical, comparative and legal, system and functional methods. Results. The study found that the crisis process observed in the development of the EU has given impetus not only to Euroscepticism, but also to the intensive search for new approaches to the development of European integration. The crisis in the EU stimulates attempts to implement the course on completing the formation of the EMU. Global financial and economic crises have a more significant negative impact on the dynamics of GDP of «outsider countries» compared to «leading countries», and differences between them are increasing as a result. The politicization of international economic relations usually strengthens the position of developed countries and weakens all others, which leads to a similar result. Imperfect policies for the integration of the emigrant population into European society are exacerbating relations between the native population of European countries and immigrants, growing anti-immigrant sentiment and mass protests by Europeans against the migration policies of national governments. Scientific novelty. The study found that most EU leaders are fully aware of the need for structural convergence, namely overcoming structural and cyclical differences among the economies of euro-area countries, as well as the main and secondary risks of divergence as a destructive phenomenon that can disrupt the established social, political, legal and economic order within the EU. Practical significance. Research materials can be used for comparative law studies.

Modernisation of Higher Education – Willful Action or Wishful Thinking? The Case of Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Elena Blagoeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The impact of the last global economic crisis (2008) on the European economy put a strain on higher education (HE), yet it also pushed the sector towards intensive reforms and improvements. This paper focuses on the “Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in the Republic of Bulgaria 2014-2020”. With a case study methodology, we explore the strategic endeavours of the Bulgarian government to comply with the European directions and to secure sustainable growth for the HE sector. Our research question is ‘How capable is the Bulgarian HE Strategy to overcome the economic and systemic restraints of Bulgarian higher education?’. Because the development of strategies for HE within the EU is highly contextual, a single qualitative case study was chosen as the research approach. HE institutions are not ivory towers, but subjects to a variety of external and internal forces. Within the EU, this is obviated by the fact that Universities obtain their funds from institutions such as governments, students and their families, donors, as well as EU-level programmes. Therefore, to explore how these pressures interact to affect strategic action on national level, the case method is well suited as it enabled us to study the phenomena thoroughly and deeply. The paper suggests the actions proposed within the Strategy have the potential to overcome the delay, the regional isolation and the negative impact of the economic crisis on the country. Nevertheless, the key elements on which the success or failure of this Strategy hinges are the control mechanisms and the approach to implementation. Shortcomings in these two aspects of strategic actions in HE seem to mark the difference between gaining long-term benefits and merely saving face in front of international institutions.

Comparison of Time spent between an electronic and a paper-based laboratory information system by laboratorians at a polyclinic in Greater Accra, Ghana: A time-motion study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Boakye
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Laboratory Information System ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Motion Studies

The acceptance of electronic laboratory information system (LIS) is gradually increasing in developing countries. However, the issue of time effectiveness due to computerization is less clear as there is fewer accessible information. One of the key issues for laboratorians is their indecision with LISs’ would-be effect of time on their work. A polyclinic in Ghana was in the process of implementing electronic LIS. Several of the laboratorians did not have knowledge and skill in computing and there were disagreeing views on the time effectiveness of the LIS after implementation. The management of the polyclinic laboratory was concerned to assess time advantageousness of recording data when using the electronic LIS compared with paper-based LIS. <div><br></div><div>Five randomly selected laboratorians were provided two sheets of paper with tables to document the time they spent for both paper-based and electronic LIS. Data were collected for a total of 230 records,115 electronic LIS and 115 paper-based LIS. The t-test (mean-comparison test) was computed to compare the means of both electronic and paperbased LIS times. </div><div><br></div><div>There was a statistical significant difference in the time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. The time spent between paper-based and electronic LIS was 0.41 minutes (95% CI 0.15 to 0.66) longer than in electronic LIS. </div><div><br></div><div>LIS can be adopted in polyclinics without having significant negative impact on time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. More time–motion studies that include laboratorians are however necessary in order to get a more complete picture of time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. </div>

Political aspects of security of the European Union Member States

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kusztykiewicz-Fedurek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Political Security ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Eu

Political security is very often considered through the prism of individual states. In the scholar literature in-depth analyses of this kind of security are rarely encountered in the context of international entities that these countries integrate. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to key aspects of political security in the European Union (EU) Member States. The EU as a supranational organisation, gathering Member States first, ensures the stability of the EU as a whole, and secondly, it ensures that Member States respect common values and principles. Additionally, the EU institutions focus on ensuring the proper functioning of the Eurozone (also called officially “euro area” in EU regulations). Actions that may have a negative impact on the level of the EU’s political security include the boycott of establishing new institutions conducive to the peaceful coexistence and development of states. These threats seem to have a significant impact on the situation in the EU in the face of the proposed (and not accepted by Member States not belonging to the Eurogroup) Eurozone reforms concerning, inter alia, appointment of the Minister of Economy and Finance and the creation of a new institution - the European Monetary Fund.

ASSESSMENT OF THE SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF THE MACROPHYTE THICKET ECOSYSTEMS IN THE NEVA BAY AND THE ADJACENT WATERS OF THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Maksimova ◽  
Ekaterina Maksimova ◽  
Vladimir Zhigulsky ◽  
Vladimir Zhigulsky ◽  
Vladimir Shuisky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Neva Bay

The macrophyte thicket ecosystems of higher aquatic vegetation in the Neva Bay (NB) and Eastern Gulf of Finland (EGoF) perform many important roles, including acting as the habitats, nesting sites and migration sites for aquatic and semi-aquatic birds, creating the specific conditions necessary for the spawning and growth of many species of fish, and taking part in the self-purification of the aquatic ecosystems. Many anthropogenic disturbances, hydraulic works in particular, have a significant negative impact on these macrophyte thicket ecosystems. In recent years, the active growth of a new type of macrophyte thicket has been observed in the NB. This is due to the aftereffects of the construction of the Saint Petersburg Flood Prevention Facility Complex (FPFC). It is quite likely that the total macrophyte thicket area in these waters is currently increasing. In the future, it will be necessary to assess the environmental impacts of the hydraulic works on the macrophyte thicket of the NB and EGoF, taking into account the background processes of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the reed beds in the waters in question. To do this, it will be necessary to carry out a comprehensive study of these ecosystems and identify patterns in their spatial and temporal dynamics. The program of the study has been developed and is currently being implemented by Eco-Express-Service, a St. Petersburg eco-design company.

The Development of Slovenia in the European Union: Social Aspects

2017 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Iryna Butyrska
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Regime Stability ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

The author proves that the successful stability of independent Slovenia contributed to a number of factors, existing since its being incorporated in the SFRY. The factor, uniting the state has become the common goal – the aspiration to join the EU. The process of the European integration contributed to the modernization of a number of spheres, in particular social, cultural and economic ones. The global financial and economic crisis has revealed the turmoil in the economy of the state and its leadership was forced to gradually reduce a significant part of social privileges for the population. This caused the tension in the society and reduced the level of the national unity, having a negative impact on people’s wellbeing. However, since 2014, the Prime Minister M. Cherar has been trying to restore people’s trust in the state. The situation is getting better; indicators of trust in government are increasing, which also points to state capacity and political regime stability in Slovenia. Keywords: Slovenia, state stability, social sphere, government

On the Major Differences between the Banking Systems of the EAEU States

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
T. E. Chekanova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Banking Systems ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Major Factors

The presented study examines the problems of integration of the national banking systems of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).Aim. The study aims to examine the major differences in various aspects of functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states in terms of their impact on integration processes.Tasks. The author identifies the most prominent features of the banking systems of the EAEU states; reveals the depth of the existing differences through a comparative analysis of various indicators of national banking systems; outlines ways of overcoming integration problems associated with differences in the banking sectors of the Union states.Methods. This study is based on universal general scientific methods and elements of comparative, functional, and economic analysis within the framework of a systems approach. The author uses regulatory documents and banking reports of the EAEU states, statistical and analytical materials of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and data of Moody’s international rating agency.Results. The study identifies a number of aspects that contain the major differences in the functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states; highlights the disproportions in the scale, level of development, financial stability, and risks of the banking spheres of the Union states; comparatively analyzes the proportion of banking and non-banking structures in the system and the share of the government and non-resident companies in the capital of banks; marks the difference in the pricing of banking services; determines differences in the existing approaches to banking regulation and the established standards; analyzes the major differences in the legislative acts of the central banks and governments of the EAEU member states and in the terms and definitions used. According to the results of the study, the major factors hindering the development of integration processes between the banking systems of the EAEU states are identified.Conclusions. The existing differences between the banking systems of the EAEU countries are diverse and multifaceted. The author states that the aspects addressed in this study have a significant negative impact on the further development of integration processes, describing the major directions and actions of the member states aimed at minimizing the exiting differences, which are required to facilitate the convergence of the states and the transition towards a common financial market.

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