Heroic National Memory: The Story of a Participant in the Great Patriotic War

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Юрий Алексеевич Азаров
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Military Service ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
National Memory ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Ideological Attitudes

В статье, приуроченной к празднованию 75-летия окончания Великой Отечественной войны, рассматривается народное отношение к войне за свободу своего отечества, которое, наряду с людскими ресурсами, качеством вооружения, стратегическим и тактическим руководством, стало одним из истоков Победы. Такое отношение к войне унаследовано из прошлого и связано с представлением о героическом - важнейшей категории традиционной культуры, составляющей доминирующее смысловое и эмоциональное начало высоких жанров. В эпопее, традиционном народном эпосе описываются и превозносятся поступки, свидетельствующие о бесстрашии героев, способности преодолеть инстинкт самосохранения, пожертвовать собой ради общего блага, мужественно встретить смерть. Сформировавшаяся за более чем три десятилетия традиция ветеранского рассказа порождает свои оригинальные тексты, распространяющиеся как в устной (аудиовизуальной записи), так и в письменной форме, причем оба канала передачи в данном случае тесно переплетаются и становятся равноправными коммуникативными типами. Одна из их главных особенностей состоит в том, что эпическая героизация прошлого в ряде случаев сочетается со стремлением открыть новую правду о войне, преодолением шаблонного восприятия ее событий, которое было обусловлено цензурными ограничениями и идеологическими императивами советской эпохи. Многие из обозначенных признаков характерны и для сохранившегося в семейном архиве рассказа Героя Советского Союза А. Н. Азарова, который охватывает значительный отрезок исторического времени: начиная с его призыва на действительную военную службу в1940 г. и заканчивая операцией по взятию Берлина в составе 6-го танкового корпуса. This article, dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the end of the Great Patriotic War, examines the people’s attitude toward the war, which, along with human resources, the quality of weaponry, strategic and tactical leadership, became one of the sources of the victory. Their attitude to wars of liberation was inherited from the past and is associated with the idea of the heroic - a most important category of traditional culture, which is the dominant semantic and emotional core of high genres. The traditional folk epic, for example, describes and extols actions that demonstrate the fearlessness of heroes, their ability to overcome the instinct of self-preservation and sacrifice themselves for the common good. The tradition of stories by veterans that have been collected over more than the last three decades generates its own original texts in both oral (audio-visual recording) and written form; both channels of transmission are closely intertwined and equally important. One of their main features is that the epic heroization of the past in some cases combines with the desire to reveal new truth about the war, to overcome its stereotypical perception due to Soviet censorship and ideological attitudes. These features are also characteristic of the story told by Hero of the Soviet Union A. N. Azarov that has been preserved in his family’s archive. It covers a significant period of history, from his conscription for active military service in 1940 to his participation in the operation to capture Berlin as part of the 6th tank corps.

scholarly journals PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF S.AMANZOLOV OV DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Oskembay ◽  
◽  
F.K. Kabdrakhmanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Political Leader ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
The Military

The article provides an assessment of the patriotic education of S. Amanzholov's soldiers during the Great Patriotic War. A comprehensive analysis of S. Amanzholov's activities as a political leader is presented. The article provides new data on the use of heroic deeds of Kazakh batyrs by scientists to raise the military spirit of soldiers. During the Great Patriotic War, patriotism became the most important value in Soviet society. Selfless devotion to their Motherland manifested itself among millions of Soviet citizens and became a source of unprecedented mass heroism. From February 1942 to June 1946 S. Amanzholov was on active military service in the ranks of the Soviet Army. He conducted political and educational work among soldiers of non-Russian nationality, published in the Kazakh language the "Notebook of the Red Army Agitator" and leaflets about the heroes of the Soviet Union.

Selected Bibliography of Soviet Works on Southern Asia, 1954–56

1957 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Alvin Z. Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Southern Asia ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The One

The post-Stalinist interest shown by the Soviet Union in the non-aligned nations of Southern Asia has been accompanied by a corresponding increase in the quantity and quality of material dealing with this area appearing in leading Soviet scholarly journals. Though there has been the usual spate of propagandistic articles lauding the growing evidences of expanding cultural, economic, and political relations between the Soviet Union on the one hand, and India, Afghanistan, Burma, and Indonesia on the other, it would be a mistake to dismiss all such Soviet endeavors as unworthy of serious attention. Much of the material reflects a diligent effort by Soviet orientalists to analyze the past and the present of the nations of Southern Asia with a view toward making up for the previous period of flagrant neglect.

SOVIET TANK INDUSTRY OF PERIOD OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: TECHNICAL-TECHNOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS OF ACTIVITY AND FIGHTING FOR THEIR OVERCOMING

2018 ◽  
pp. 298-310
Author(s):  
Vasiliy V. Zapary
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Performance Technology ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Military

Introduction. The paper considers the effect of key issues of the development of the military industry of the USSR in the pre-war and military period, which had a determining effect on the quality of tanks being created in the country. The main trends in the development of tank building in the context of industrial modernization in the 1930s-1940s are revealed. Materials and Methods. The work was carried out on the basis of a wide range of sources, mostly of a monographic nature, reflecting modern historiographic approaches to the topic under study. As the main methodological treatment is the modernization theory in combination with the system approach. Results. The author argues that the result of the accelerated modernization of the Soviet Union in the 1930s became the creation of a qualitatively heterogeneous industrial potential. Implementation of high-performance technologies of the flow-conveyor production of the “Fordist” type in the tractor building and automobile industry made it possible to use labor of low-skilled labor everywhere. The complex of these restrictions had a decisive influence on the choice of approaches to the design and production of tanks by Soviet constructors and production managers. Discussion. The work provides a brief retrospective review of the main trends in the development of the Soviet tank industry in the pre-war period, in the context of the overall social and technological modernization of the country. The significance of the factor of international cooperation and trade ties with the capitalist countries in the formation of the scientific and technical potential of the tank-building industry in the pre-war period is revealed. The factors of uneven development and qualitative potential of the Soviet machine building, created during the first five-year plans, are revealed. Conclusions. Before the Great Patriotic War, the secular tank industry could not fully solve the problem of the quality of its products. The outbreak of the war led to the evacuation, a partial loss of valuable stuff and equipment. In the eastern regions of the USSR, the military-political leadership of the country managed to recreate the tank industry through rigid mobilization methods of managing and concentrating evacuated resources. The lack of specialists forced the wide use of high-performance technology of flow-conveyor assembly in combination with the maximum simplification of the design of tanks. But this dramatically worsened their combat potential. The limited combat capabilities of such tanks had to be compensated for by their massive use.

scholarly journals The hunger games: famine 1932–1933 in the historical policy of Ukraine and Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Viachaslau I. Menkouski ◽  
Michal Šmigel’ ◽  
Lizaveta Dubinka-Hushcha
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Hunger Games ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
National Memory ◽  
The Hunger Games ◽  
State Of Affairs

The modern historical policy of Ukraine and the Russia is analysed. The study uses the methodology of historical memory studies, specifically, research of historical consciousness, collective and historical memory. The methodology is based on the analysis of a situation when ideas about the past as national history depend on the mentality and goal setting of a particular social, national or other group. The object of the study is the modern socio-political situation in Ukraine and Russia associated with the understanding and assessment of the famine of 1932–1933 both in the Soviet Union as a whole, and in Ukraine in particular. The authors consider the modern memorial culture of the two nations, highlight issues of regional and national identity and the formation of myths of national memory as central issues in the paper. The transformation of memorial practices and the legal framework of the Russia and Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union is considered. The authors arrive at the conclusion that the discussion between the Russian and Ukrainian sides to this day has turned into constructing a scheme of the «reverse history» based on the projection of the present state of affairs into the past. It is not possible to find any fundamentally new evidence as long as the Russian archives remained classified, and the parties increasingly resort to a nationalist type of argumentation. Punning on the name of the famous Hollywood blockbuster, we can say that the «hunger games» have become a reality in the modern politics of memory of post-Soviet states.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF DEPORTED PEOPLES TO THE TERRITORY OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Issabek ◽  
◽  
E. Shalanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The People ◽  
White Spots ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forced Relocation ◽  
Run Up

In the 30-50 years of the 20th century, the process of eviction in Kazakhstan began in a forced and organized form. Questions of population transfer in the Soviet union were kept confidential. Only in the late 1980s of the 20th century started investigation the problems of "White Spots" in history. Among such problems were the forcibly deported people and their fate. The pages of the shadow history of the past of representatives of other nationalities who were forcibly resettled were revealed, that today they live in a second homeland. Since the middle of 1930s, systematic work has been carried out to forcibly relocate to the territory of Kazakhstan. During the Great Patriotic War, forced evacuation of the population became an integral part of Stalin's repressions. The article considers that the forced relocation of people in general in the run-up to the Great Patriotic War and in wartime, and the deportation of deported people are classified as unreliable changed ethnic groups. The victims of such policy were the people: Korean, German, Polish, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Greek, Kalmyk, Karachai, Ingush, Chechen, Balkar, Crimean Tatars, Turks, etc.

PARTICIPATION OF UZBEK SOLDIERS IN THE LIBERATION OF THE BALTIC STATES

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Ilkhomjon M. Saidov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Soviet Historiography

The article is devoted to the participation of natives of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in the Baltic operation of 1944. The author states that Soviet historiography did not sufficiently address the problem of participation of individual peoples of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War, and therefore their feat remained undervalued for a long time. More specifically, according to the author, 40–42% of the working age population of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic fought on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. Such figure was typical only for a limited number of countries participating in the anti-fascist coalition. Analyzing the participation of Soviet Uzbekistan citizens in the battles for the Baltic States, the author shows that the 51st and 71st guards rifle divisions, which included many natives of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, were particularly distinguished. Their heroic deeds were noted by the soviet leadership – a number of Uzbek guards were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In addition, Uzbekistanis fought as part of partisan detachments – both in the Baltic States, Belarus, Ukraine, the Western regions of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and Moldova. Many Uzbek partisans were awarded the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” of I and II degrees.

Development of the Legal Framework for Regulating Relations for the Training and Retraining of Judges in the Soviet Period (1946–1991)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
S. I. Pukhnarevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Soviet Union

The article shows the formation of the legal basis for the formation, development and functioning of the system of training and retraining of judicial personnel in the country in the period from 1946 until the end of the USSR. The article also explores the forms and approaches to the organization of improving the quality of the staff of the judicial system. It was concluded that the Soviet Union has formed an ideologically oriented, strictly centralized Federal-Republican system of professional development of court employees.

The beginning of the great Patriotic war in the memoirs of military surveyors

2020 ◽  
Vol 955 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
A.V. Nikonov ◽  
T.V. Vashchalova ◽  
E.I. Dolgov ◽  
S.V. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Military Units

On the eve of the 75th anniversary of the victory of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic war, the events of it continue to live in people’s memory, and its veterans are still the best examples of patriotism and true serving the Motherland. It seems relevant to take a look at the events of the first days of the war with the eyes of their witnesses. The authors describe the events of June and July 1941, presented in the memoirs of the militaries who served in the Red Army Military topographic service, and performed topographic works in the border zone in a significant separation from their military units and staffs. On the basis of the collected material the authors show the participation of topographic units in the fighting of the first days of the war, provide the data on the losses of the Red Army Military topographic service in the starting period of the war. The article is devoted to the memory of the officers and soldiers, who selflessly did their duty in the beginning of the Great Patriotic war.

Prokofieva Tamara Aleksandrovna: Engineer-topographer of the first rank

2017 ◽  
Vol 922 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
V.L. Kashin ◽  
N.L. Kashina
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
The North ◽  
Moscow Institute ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Post War ◽  
Executive Positions

Biographic information about the veteran of geodetic service of the Soviet Union Tamara Aleksandrovna Prokofieva is provided in this article. On January 1, 2017, she turned 96 years old. T. A. Prokofieva’s biography is in many respects similar to destinies of her age-mates who met the Great Patriotic War on a student’s bench. In 1939 she entered the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography, and Cartography. Since then all her life was connected with geodesy. In this article we use Tamara Aleksandrovna’s memories of a communal flat of the 1930s, peripetias of military years, of the North Caucasian and Kazakh aero geodetic enterprises where she worked with her husband Leonid Andreevich Kashin who held a number of executive positions in geodetic service of the USSR in the post-war time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document