A Binuclear Cobalt Complex for Molecular CO2 Electrocatalysis

A pyrazole–based ligand substituted with terpyridine groups at the 3 and 5positions has been synthesized to form the dinuclear cobalt complex 1, that electrocatalytically reduces carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) in the presence of Brønsted acids in DMF. Chemical, electrochemical and UV–vis spectro–electrochemical studies under inert atmosphere indicate a single 2 electron reduction process of complex 1 at first, followed by a 1 electron reduction at the ligand. Infrared spectro–electrochemical studies under CO2 and CO atmosphere allowed us to identify a reduced CO–containing dicobalt complex which results from the electroreduction of CO2. In the presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE), electrocatalytic studies revealed single–site mechanism with up to 94 % selectivity towards CO formation when 1.47 M TFE were present, at –1.35 V vs Saturated Calomel Electrode in DMF (0.39 V overpotential). The low faradaic efficiencies obtained (<50%) are attributed to the generation of CO–containing species formed during the electrocatalytic process, which inhibit the reduction of CO2.

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Photochemical hydrogen production based on HCOOH/CO2 cycle promoted by pentanuclear cobalt complex

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d1cc06445b ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Takuya Akai ◽

Mio Kondo ◽

Yutaka Saga ◽

Shigeyuki Masaoka

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Hydrogen Production ◽

Formic Acid ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Cobalt Complex ◽

Catalytic Cycle ◽

Electron Reduction ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

The first catalytic cycle for hydrogen production based on the photochemical two-electron reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the dehydrogenation of formic acid at ambient temperature was demonstrated using a...

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Janus silver/ternary silver halide nanostructures as plasmonic photocatalysts boost the conversion of CO2 to acetaldehyde

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d1nr05801k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Henglei Jia ◽

Yanrong Dou ◽

Yuanyuan Yang ◽

Fan Li ◽

Chun-Yang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Silver Halide ◽

Liquid Product ◽

Reduction Process ◽

Coupling Reaction ◽

Electron Reduction ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

Photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to liquid product acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) remains a great challenge due to the involvement of complex 10-electron reduction process and sluggish C–C coupling reaction. Herein,...

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Insights into the Development of Cu-based Photocathodes for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Conversion

Green Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d0gc04417b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wenzhang Li ◽

Keke Wang ◽

yanfang Ma ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Weixin Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Energy Crisis ◽

Co2 Conversion ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽

Reduction Of Co2

The ever-growing factitious over-consumption of fossil fuels and the accompanying massive emissions of CO2 have caused severe energy crisis and environmental issues. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) reduction of CO2 that can combine...

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POTENTIAL OF LIVESTOCK MANURE FOR COAL ACTIVATION

Jurnal Biologi Udayana ◽

10.24843/jbiounud.2017.vol21.i01.p06 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

EllIN HARlIA HARlIA ◽

MARlINA ET ◽

MASITA R ◽

RAHMAH KN

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Coal Bed ◽

Coal Bed Methane ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Descriptive Approach ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽

Reduction Of Co2

The natural methane formed by bacteria in anaerobic conditions is known as biogenic gas. Gas trapped in coal, formed through thermogenesis as well as biogenesisis known as coal-bed methane (CBM). The availability of organic material as decomposition of this material into methane is continuously required for the production of methane in the coal aquifer. The aim of this research was to investigate whether or not cattle feces bacteria were able to grow and produce methane in coal. Parameters measured were Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) and the production of biogas, such as nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane. Explorative method was used and data obtained was analyzed by descriptive approach. The results showed that the bacteria found in the feces survived in the coal and produce biogas. On day 2 when the process was at the acidogenesis phase, it produced VFA with the largest component of acetic acid. Acetic acid would undergo decarboxylation and reduction of CO2 followed by reactions of H2and CO2 to produce methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as the final products. ,

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S. I. Engine Pollution Control Using Low-Cost Palletized Catalytic Converter

Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/esda2004-58248 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Madhuri Jakkaraju ◽

Vasudha Patri

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Pollution Control ◽

Noble Metals ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Catalytic Converter ◽

Low Cost ◽

Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽

Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

I. C. Engines consume large amounts of fossil fuel emitting harmful pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbons (UBHC), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). By using a catalytic converter (CC), the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon emissions can be transformed into less harmful carbon dioxide (CO2) & water vapor (H2O). Currently available CC’s are using costly noble metals like platinum (pt), palladium (pd), rhodium (rh) etc., hence making them expensive. This paper deals with the use of low-cost palletized silver coated alumina as the catalyst element in a CC. In this study, alumina and silver were used in the ratio of 10:1. All tests have been conducted on a stationary S.I. Engine at a constant speed of 1500 r.p.m with and without CC. Also, the performance of the palletized CC in combination with promoters like Bismuth, Cerium and Lanthanum was tested which have shown better results than silver alone as the coating element. It has been experimentally determined that the CO emissions have dropped from 7.25 (% vol) to 3.03(% vol) and the HC values have reduced from 350 ppm to 190 ppm.

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Mechanistical studies on the formation and destruction of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon trioxide (CO3) in interstellar ice analog samples

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/b917162b ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 4032 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Chris J. Bennett ◽

Corey S. Jamieson ◽

Ralf I. Kaiser

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Interstellar Ice ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

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Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Reduction of CO2 to CO with Chloro(methyl)disilane Components from the Direct Process

Synlett ◽

10.1055/s-0036-1590840 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (18) ◽

pp. 2439-2444 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Frank Jensen ◽

Troels Skrydstrup ◽

Mathias Flinker ◽

Sara Lopez ◽

Dennis Nielsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Dft Calculations ◽

Theoretical Studies ◽

Direct Process ◽

Industrial Synthesis ◽

Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽

Reduction Of Co2 ◽

Fluoride Salts ◽

Experimental And Theoretical Studies

Three disilanes, (CH3)3SiSi(CH3)3, Cl(CH3)2SiSi(CH3)2Cl, and Cl2(CH3)SiSi(CH3)Cl2, all representing components of the Direct Process residue for the industrial synthesis of chloromethylsilanes, were evaluated for their abilities to reduce carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide upon treatment with fluoride salts. In particular, Cl(CH3)2SiSi(CH3)2Cl proved to be highly efficient upon the use of stoichiometric amounts of potassium bifluoride. DFT calculations performed on the reduction steps with (CH3)3SiSi(CH3)3 and fluorinated analogues of this disilane suggest that the previously proposed pathway involving an intermediate silacarboxylic acid is plausible.

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Determination of the optimal composition of mixed fuel based on the environmental performance of a diesel engine

Traktory i sel'hozmashiny ◽

10.31992/0321-4443-2021-1-14-22 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 14-22

Author(s):

S.A. Plotnikov ◽

◽

Sh.V. Buzikov ◽

I.S. Kozlov ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Environmental Performance ◽

Environmental Indicators ◽

Effective Pressure ◽

Bench Tests ◽

Mixed Fuel ◽

Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

The use of rapeseed oil (RO) in tractor engines and other agricultural machinery in its pure form or a mixture of RO with diesel fuel (DF) imposes a number of limitations associated with some dif-ference in physical and chemical properties. Therefore, the most promising is the use of mixed fuel (MF) consisting of DF and RO. The purpose of these studies is to determine the optimal composi-tion of the MF, consisting of DF and RM by optimizing the approximated dependences of the envi-ronmental indicators of a diesel engine. To solve this problem, bench tests of the operation of the D-245.5S diesel engine (4ChN 11.0 / 12.5) were carried out. The following determined environmental performance indicators of a diesel engine are selected: soot (С), nitrogen oxides (NOx), unburned hydrocarbons (CxHy), carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The studies were carried out on various compositions of MF, consisting of 80% DF and 20% RO, 55% DF and 45% RO, 20% DF and 80% RO by weight, respectively. As a result of the bench tests, two load characteris-tics were obtained, the one at a speed of n = 1400 min-1 corresponding to the value of the maximum torque, and the second at a speed of n = 1800 min-1 corresponding to the value of the rated power, as well as the external speed characteristic of the D-245.5S tractor diesel engine (4ChN 11.0 / 12.5). The analysis of the obtained experimental data revealed the dependence of environmental indicators on the rotational speed of the diesel engine crankshaft, the average effective pressure and the addi-tion of RO in MF by weight. Using the least squares method, the approximated mathematical de-pendences of the ecological indicators of a diesel engine are determined. The analysis of the ob-tained dependencies showed that: the increase in the crankshaft speed n, the proportion of RO in MF and a decrease in the average effective pressure pe, leads to a decrease in soot С to 4.0%, nitro-gen oxides NOx to 100.0 ppm, unburned hydrocarbons CxHy to 1.0 ppm, carbon dioxide, CO2 up to 2%, and an increase in carbon monoxide CO up to 0.16%. As a result of solving the obtained system of equations for the approximated dependences of environmental indicators, the optimal addition of RO to MF of up to 35% by weight was determined.

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Performance and exhaust gases of a diesel engine using different magnetic treatments of the fuel

JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES ◽

10.15282/jmes.14.1.2020.07.0492 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 6285-6294

Author(s):

R. Arias Gilart ◽

M. R. B. Ungaro ◽

C. E. A. Rodríguez ◽

J. F. F. Hernández ◽

M. C. Sofia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Compression Ratio ◽

Engine Speed ◽

Magnetic Treatment ◽

Static Magnetic Fields ◽

Mass Consumption ◽

Exhaust Gases ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

In this research, different magnetic treatments were applied to diesel fuel using static magnetic fields of 0.36T of magnetic induction. The magnetic conditioners (MCs) were installed in different positions of the fuel lines in the engine and the magnetic treatment of the diesel was also carried out before introducing it into the engine tanks. The study was conducted using a four-stroke, two-cylinder, Lister Petter (LPWS2) engine with a compression ratio of 23.5:1 and a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. The emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen oxides and the temperature of the exhaust gases and the mass consumption of fuel were measured. The highest levels of reduction were achieved with the magnetic treatments that locate the MC directly in the engine's pipes. As the number of MC in the engine pipes increases, the emissions of polluting gases decrease. With the treatment that locates one MC in front of each injector, two MC at the entrance of the filter and two MC in the return of fuel were able to increase the O2 emissions by 6.9% and decrease the CO emissions in about 21.3% in the last load of the generator set. With this treatment a decrease in fuel consumption of 4.89% to 80% of engine load was obtained.

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