scholarly journals EFFECT OF DROUGHT STRESS AND MANAGEMENT IN WHEAT - A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
A. Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Rna And Dna

Wheat is a major cereal crop in the world. However, drought stress causes a severe loss in the productivity of wheat in different growing regions worldwide. Water deficit at the critical stage of the wheat growth causes a significant loss in yield of wheat. Drought stress affects every aspect of wheat growth from germination to maturity. Drought stress hampers different metabolic processes in the plant. It reduces chlorophyll content and photosynthesis in the leaf. It increases the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which affects the various cellular mechanisms and also causes oxidative damage to RNA and DNA. Production of appropriate wheat genotype along with the adjustment of agronomic practices like efficient use of irrigation water, changing the sowing time and seed priming helps to minimize the effect of drought. Here in this review various effects of drought stress in wheat and its management options are discussed in brief.

scholarly journals Silicon Priming Regulates Morpho-Physiological Growth and Oxidative Metabolism in Maize under Drought Stress

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abida Parveen ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Saddam Hussain ◽  
Jaleel Asghar ◽  
Shagufta Perveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Seed priming with silicon (Si) is an efficient and easy method to regulate plant tolerance against different abiotic stresses. A pot experiment was conducted to examine the Si-mediated changes in oxidative defense and some vital physio-biochemical parameters of maize under a limited water supply. For this purpose, two maize varieties (Pearl and Malka) with different Si priming treatments (0, 4 mM, 6 mM) were grown under a control and 60% field capacity for three weeks. At 60% field capacity, significant reductions in plant growth attributes and chlorophyll contents were recorded compared with the control. The negative effects of drought stress were more severe for Malka compared with Pearl. Drought stress increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents, altered the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)), and triggered the accumulation of soluble sugars, glycine betaine, proline, and phenolics contents. Nevertheless, seed priming with silicon at 4 or 6 mM was effective in alleviating the detrimental effects of drought stress in both cultivars. Si priming particularly at 6 mM significantly enhanced the shoot and root lengths as well as their biomass and improved the levels of photosynthetic pigments. Moreover, Si treatments enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) while it reduced the MDA and H2O2 contents in both cultivars under stress conditions. In crux, the present investigation suggests that Si priming mitigates the harmful effects of drought stress and contributes to the recovery of maize growth.

scholarly journals Selenium Alleviates the Adverse Effect of Drought in Oilseed Crops Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) and Canola (Brassica napus L.)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1699
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ahmad ◽  
Shazia Anjum ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Ejaz Ahmad Waraich ◽  
Rana Muhammad Sabir Tariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Drought poses a serious threat to oilseed crops by lowering yield and crop failures under prolonged spells. A multi-year field investigation was conducted to enhance the drought tolerance in four genotypes of Camelina and canola by selenium (Se) application. The principal aim of the research was to optimize the crop yield by eliciting the physio-biochemical attributes by alleviating the adverse effects of drought stress. Both crops were cultivated under control (normal irrigation) and drought stress (skipping irrigation at stages i.e., vegetative and reproductive) conditions. Four different treatments of Se viz., seed priming with Se (75 μM), foliar application of Se (7.06 μM), foliar application of Se + Seed priming with Se (7.06 μM and 75 μM, respectively) and control (without Se), were implemented at the vegetative and reproductive stages of both crops. Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), an inorganic compound was used as Se sources for both seed priming and foliar application. Data regarding physiochemical, antioxidants, and yield components were recorded as response variables at crop maturity. Results indicated that WP, OP, TP, proline, TSS, TFAA, TPr, TS, total chlorophyll contents, osmoprotectant (GB, anthocyanin, TPC, and flavonoids), antioxidants (APX, SOD, POD, and CAT), and yield components (number of branches per plant, thousand seed weight, seed, and biological yields were significantly improved by foliar Se + priming Se in both crops under drought stress. Moreover, this treatment was also helpful in boosting yield attributes under irrigated (non-stress) conditions. Camelina genotypes responded better to Se application as seed priming and foliar spray than canola for both years. It has concluded that Se application (either foliar or priming) can potentially alleviate adverse effects of drought stress in camelina and canola by eliciting various physio-biochemicals attributes under drought stress. Furthermore, Se application was also helpful for crop health under irrigated condition.

scholarly journals Seed priming with selenium improves growth, water relation and antioxidant activity of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under drought conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Hassan Bayat ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Aminifard
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Pot Marigold ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

Selenium (Se) seed priming is an effective method for enhancing seed performance and improving tolerance of crops to abiotic stresses particularly drought. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effect of seed priming of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) with Se on growth, physiology and antioxidant activity grown under both control and drought stress conditions. Treatments included 6 levels of seed priming with Se (0 (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 4 mg. L–1) and 2 levels of water stress (well-watered and drought conditions). The results showed that supplemental Se at lower concentrations improved growth parameters like total leaf area, root length and total biomass of control and drought-stressed plants. In addition, relative water content and chlorophyll content of the drought-stressed plants increased with the application of Se at lower concentrations. Treatment with Se mitigated adverse effects of drought stress through enhancement of photosynthetic pigments, improvement of water relations, accumulation of soluble sugars and increased antioxidant activity. Seed priming with Se also increased total phenols, flavonoids and free radical scavenging activity of pot marigold plants both under well-watered and water stress conditions. It was found that seed priming with Se at lower concentrations (especially 1.5 mg. L–1) can mitigate the adverse effects of drought stress and improved antioxidant system of pot marigold plants.

Drought stress and osmo-priming effects on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Ocimum basilicum

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 905-913
Author(s):  
Bahram Majd Nassiry ◽  
Neda Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
And Control

    One of the effects of reducing water content on soil is reduction of growth and development of seedlings and variation of field development. Seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stresses. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of osmo-priming on germination characteristics and changes of proline, protein and catalase activity of Ocimum basilicum seeds. Results showed that drought stress reduced the germination characteristics and drought stress in -8 bar was the critical stress.  Priming treatments were include KNO3, PEG and NaCl by 0, -4 and -8 bar concentrations. The seeds were primed with those materials for 8 and 16 hours. The highest germination characteristics were obtained from nitrate potassium in -8 bar for 16 hours priming. Therefore the best seed treatment under drought stress during germination was obtained from the osmo-primed with -8 bar nitrate potassium for 16 hours. The drought stress increased proline and catalase activity but reduced total protein. Priming treatment increases proline, total protein and catalase activity under drought and control conditions. It is concluded that priming results in improvement in germination components of Ocimum basilicum in drought stress conditions and increases the resistance to drought stress with improvement of proline, protein and catalase activity in germination phase.

Effects of drought stress on growth, photosynthesis and alkaloid accumulation of Lycoris aurea

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Liang ◽  
Miaohua Quan ◽  
Chaowen She ◽  
Anna He ◽  
Xiaoliang Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Lycoris Aurea ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Dry Matter Production in Maize Silking Stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1884-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren-He ZHANG ◽  
Dong-Wei GUO ◽  
Xing-Hua ZHANG ◽  
Hai-Dong LU ◽  
Jian-Chao LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Maize Hybrids at Seedling Stage

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Hua ZHANG ◽  
Jie GAO ◽  
Wei-Li DU ◽  
Ren-He ZHANG ◽  
Ji-Quan XUE
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Characteristics ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Effects of Drought Stress and Rewatering on Physiological Characteristics of Pear Seedling

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Jiliang SUN ◽  
Liulin LI ◽  
Shutian TAO ◽  
Shaoling ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Effects Of Drought
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