scholarly journals Personality Traits and Changes in Depression Symptoms in Female University Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminka Bobić ◽  
Adrijana Koscec Bjelajac ◽  
Marija Bakotić ◽  
Jelena Macan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
University Education ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

The present study aimed to investigate the course of symptoms of depression in female university students over a four-year period, while also exploring the predictive value of four personality traits with regard to symptoms of depression. The sample comprised 74 female first-year university students. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and were collected twice over a four-year interval, while the personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism and lie tendencies were assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire only at the baseline. The results revealed that after a four-year period the depression symptoms increased in intensity/frequency on 10 out of 20 items as well as in the summary score, and decreased only in diurnal variations, which wasfavourable outcome. Multiple regression analysis indicated that out of the four personality traits only neuroticism was a significant predictor of the summary depression score four years later. This means that young female students with higher scores in neuroticism, although still in the normal or average range, would very probably have a more pronounced and less well-regulated emotional response to a stressful period of their university education.

Type D personality, anxiety, depression and personality traits in patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Yilmaz ◽  
F Canan ◽  
E Şengül ◽  
F E Özkurt ◽  
S F Tuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Type D ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractObjective:This study evaluated type D personality, anxiety, depression and personality traits in patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal.Method:A hundred consecutive out-patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal and 100 controls were enrolled in the study. The Type D Scale, the abbreviated form of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used for data collection. Patients were also evaluated using the Modified Itch Severity Scale.Results:In all, 43 per cent of patients and 15 per cent of controls met the criteria for a type D personality. Patients with a type D personality had higher anxiety and itching severity but lower extraversion compared with those without a type D personality. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that extraversion and type D personality were independently associated with itch severity.Conclusion:These data suggest that clinicians should consider psychological and personality features when evaluating and treating patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal.

PERSONALITY CORRELATES OF HEALTH OUTCOMES IN SUDANESE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdalla A.R.M. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Psychological Disturbances ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship

Individual differences play a salient and vital role in the person's responses to different stressors. Hence, various individuals are expected to differ in health outcome resulting from encountering stressful situations. This study aimed at identifying personality traits in Sudanese university students and investigating the nature of the relationship between these traits and psychological disturbances measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28-item version, Goldberg & Williams, 1988). The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R, 48 items, Eysenck, Eysenck,& Barrett, 1985) was used to assess personality traits. One hundred psychology students (mean age 23.7) participated in the study. The majority (80%) of the students were females. The results revealed a strong positive relationship between neuroticism (N) on one hand and somatic symptoms, anxiety and depression on the other hand. Extraversion (E) was negatively related to anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms and social dysfunction. No significant sex or age difference was found in psychological disturbances measured by the GHQ or in personality traits – apart from a positive association between E and age. Unlike studies carried out in other countries which showed females to be more anxious and more neurotic, the present study did not find sex differences in anxiety and neuroticism. When a cutoff point of 4 was used, 20% of the students were classified as psychiatric cases. This may indicate the widespread prevalence of psychological disorders amongst Sudanese university students.

scholarly journals The profile of quality of life and mental health of university students in the healthcare field

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e35011125095
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Batista de Freitas ◽  
Adriana Lúcia Meireles ◽  
Sabrina Martins Barroso ◽  
Marina de Bittencourt Bandeira ◽  
Mery Natali Silva Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Environment Domain

Objective: to present the profile of quality of life and symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress in university students in the healthcare area. Method: a descriptive study with a quantitative approach to data, carried out with university students in the healthcare field of three Federal Institutions of Higher Education in Minas Gerais. Variables such as sociodemographic, lifestyle, presence of depression symptoms, anxiety and stress, and quality of life (QoL) were measured. The QoL was assessed using the WHOQUOL-bref scale and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress using the DASS-21 scale. A descriptive data analysis was performed. Results: 321 students participated in the study, mostly female (71.0%). More than 50% of the students had symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, regardless of the level of severity, while severe/very severe symptoms were present in more than 20% of them, presenting a higher proportion in the nursing course. The psychological domain had the lowest overall QoL score (58.33), and the best was observed in the social relationships domain (66.67). Nursing students had the lowest scores while physical education students had the best scores in most domains. Medical students had the best score in the environment domain (68.75). Conclusion: Suggest the planning of policies and strategies that promote the physical and mental well-being of students, as well as screening and monitoring of most vulnerable ones, as well as those with mental health problems; such strategies can positively impact QoL.

scholarly journals Self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety among informal caregivers of persons with dementia: a cross-sectional comparative study between Sweden and Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseba Wulff ◽  
Agneta Malmgren Fänge ◽  
Connie Lethin ◽  
Carlos Chiatti
Keyword(s):  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
People With Dementia

Abstract Background Around 50 million people worldwide are diagnosed with dementia and this number is due to triple by 2050. The majority of persons with dementia receive care and support from their family, friends or neighbours, who are generally known as informal caregivers. These might experience symptoms of depression and anxiety as a consequence of caregiving activities. Due to the different welfare system across European countries, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with self-reported depression and anxiety among informal dementia caregivers both in Sweden and Italy, to ultimately improve their health and well-being. Methods This comparative cross-sectional study used baseline data from the Italian UP-TECH (n = 317) and the Swedish TECH@HOME (n = 89) studies. Main outcome variables were the severity of self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms, as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). HADS scores were investigated using descriptive and bivariate statistics to compare means and standard deviations. Linear regressions were used to test for associations between potential factors and self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety. Results Italian informal caregivers reported more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety than Swedish caregivers. In Italy, a higher number of hours of caregiving was associated with anxiety symptoms (β = − 1.205; p = 0.029), being 40–54 years-old with depression symptoms (β = − 1.739; p = 0.003), and being female with symptoms of both depression (β = − 1.793; p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = 1.474; p = 0.005). In Sweden, a higher number of hours of caregiving and being < 39 years-old were associated with depression symptoms (β = 0.286; p < 0.000; β = 3.945; p = 0.014) and a higher number of hours of caregiving, the lack of additional informal caregivers and dementia severity were associated with anxiety symptoms (β = 0.164; p = 0.010; β = − 1.133; p = 0.033; β = − 1.181; p = 0.031). Conclusion Multiple factors are associated with self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety among informal caregivers in Sweden and Italy. Factors found in this study partly differ between the two countries, suggesting the important role of cultural and social factors affecting the experience of caregiving. A deeper knowledge of these factors may increase the knowledge on potential protective and risk factors, provide information to policymakers and ultimately improve the psychological well-being of informal caregivers to people with dementia across Europe.

Symptoms of Depression and Related Factors among Spanish University Students

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando L. Vázquez ◽  
Vanessa Blanco
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Castilian Spanish

A 554-member stratified random sample of students at a Spanish university (65.9% women; aged 18–34 years) was screened for symptoms of depression using a new Castilian Spanish translation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) that had been validated by back-translation. Mean CES-D score was 14.2 ( SD = 10.3, range 0-54), with a significant difference between the scores of women ( M = 15.5; SD = 10.9) and men ( M = 11.8; SD = 8.4; t552 = 4.06, p <.0005). Some 33% of the sample screened positive with the usual CES-D screening threshold of 16, and 16% with the threshold of 24 recommended by Clarke and coworkers. The symptoms most commonly experienced all or most of the time were hopelessness, given the maximum rating by 18.8% of students, difficulty in concentration (17.7%), fatigue (13.9%), inadequacy (13.0%), and disturbance of sleep (12.4%).

scholarly journals Symptoms of Depression are Common in Patients With Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Neurosurgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Israelsson ◽  
Per Allard ◽  
Anders Eklund ◽  
Jan Malm
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: If patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) also have depression, this could have important clinical ramifications in assessment and management of their cognitive function and response to shunting. In many dementias, depression is overrepresented, but the prevalence of depression in shunted patients with INPH is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this case-control study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of depression in shunted INPH patients compared with population-based controls. METHODS: INPH patients consecutively shunted from 2008 to 2010 in Sweden were analyzed. Patients remaining after inclusion (within 60-85 years and not having dementia, ie, mini-mental state examination ≥23) had a standardized visit to their healthcare provider and answered an extensive questionnaire. Age- and sex-matched population-based controls underwent the same procedure. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (suspected depression defined as ≥5 points, suspected severe depression as ≥12 points). This study is part of the INPH-CRasH study. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-six INPH patients and 368 controls participated. After adjustment for age, sex, cerebrovascular disease, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, patients had a higher mean depression score (patients: 4.9 ± 3.7 SD, controls: 1.9 ± 2.3 SD; OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.3-1.6, P &lt; .001), more patients had suspected depression (46% vs 13%, OR 6.4, 95% CI 3.8-10.9, P &lt; .001), and more patients had suspected severe depression (7.3% vs 0.6%, OR 14.4, 95% CI 3.0-68.6, P &lt; .005). CONCLUSION: Symptoms of depression are overrepresented in INPH patients compared with the population, despite treatment with a shunt. Screening for depression should be done in the evaluation of INPH patients in order to find and treat a coexisting depression.

scholarly journals Maternal depression symptoms during the first 21 months after giving birth

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482097796
Author(s):  
Michael Rosander ◽  
Anita Berlin ◽  
Karin Forslund Frykedal ◽  
Mia Barimani
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
First Year ◽  
Transition To Motherhood ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Major Transition ◽  
Child Healthcare ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Different Levels

Aims: The first year after childbirth involves a major transition for women, which can accentuate inadequacies and feelings of powerlessness, making them vulnerable to depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and frequency of maternal postpartum depressive symptoms at different times after giving birth (0–21 months). Methods: Data were collected cross-sectionally using a web questionnaire containing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). A total of 888 mothers with children in the age range 0–21 months responded. Results: The results showed different levels of depression over the range of months included in the study. The overall prevalence using EPDS ⩾ 12 was 27.8%. There were higher levels at 9–12 months and 17–21 months. The highest levels of symptoms of depression were found at nine, 12, and 17 months after birth, and the lowest levels at two and 16 months. Conclusions: Many mothers experience symptoms of depression after giving birth that can continue well beyond the child’s first year. We have identified different levels of depression at different points in time after giving birth, with highs and lows throughout the first 21 months. This highlights a need to screen for depression more than once during the first years, as well as a closer cooperation between midwives and child healthcare nurses in supporting mothers in the transition to motherhood. This is an important aspect of public health, which not only involves mothers with symptoms of depression, but also their ability to care for their child and a possible negative impact on the child’s development.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Family Support with Depression Levels for HIV/AIDS Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Wiwin Martiningsih ◽  
Fransnedo Dhiky Kurnia C ◽  
Sri Winarni
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

AIDS is a collection of specific clinical conditions that are the end result of infection by HIV. This raises the issue of psychiatric illness, namely depression. Depression is what causes the quality of life of patients with HIV / AIDS become less well. To handle this condition needed social support from family. The purposes of this study were to identify family support and levels of depression, and analyzed the correlation between the two variables. This study used correlative as research design. Purposive sampling is used to get samples. The total of study subjects were 34 people who registered in the registration book in January to October 2013, and visited hospitals in Cendana Polyclinic Ngudi Waluyo Hospital Wlingi and included the inclusion criteria. Family support data was obtained base of questionnaire and depression levels was obtained by The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale questionnaire. Data showed that 94,1% respondents got family support well and  97,1% respondent have not depression symptoms. The correlation between family support with depression levels analyzed using Spearman's rho test with a significance level of p = 0.000, showed that the correlation between family support for the patient's level of depression of HIV / AIDS significantly. From this study can be concluded that the respondents with good family support did not experience symptoms of depression. Families need to provide support for its members who suffer from HIV / AIDS in order to prevent depression.

scholarly journals Time Perspective predicts levels of Anxiety and Depression during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-cultural study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Micillo ◽  
Pier-Alexandre Rioux ◽  
Esteban Mendoza Durán ◽  
Sebastian kuebel ◽  
Nicola Cellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Time Perspectives

The COVID-19 outbreak and governmental measures to keep the population safe had a great impact on many aspects of society, including well-being. Using data from N=1281 participants from six countries (Argentina, France, Greece, Italy, Japan, and Turkey), we first explored differences in anxiety, depression (measured with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS) and time perspectives (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; ZTPI), between these countries during the first weeks of the pandemic. We observed that Turkish participants reported the highest levels of anxiety, and Japanese and Greek the lowest. For depression symptoms, the Japanese scored highest and Italians lowest. Next, for each country, we investigated how well the relatively time-stable personality traits of time perspectives, chronotype (reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; rMEQ), and Big Five personality traits (short Big Five Inventory; BFI) predicted the levels of anxiety and depression (HADS). The regression analyses showed that negative attitudes towards the past predicted the levels of both anxiety and depression in most of the countries we analyzed. Additionally, in many countries, a Past Positive orientation negatively predicted depression whereas the Present Fatalistic subscale predicted anxiety and depression. The chronotype did not contribute additionally to the models. The Big Five traits (and particularly neuroticism) showed substantial incremental explanatory power for anxiety in some countries but did not consistently predict anxiety levels. For depression, the additional variance accounted for by including the BFI as predictors was rather small. Importantly, the ZTPI subscales were retained as significant predictors in the model still when the BFI and rMEQ were considered as potential predictors. Our results yield evidence that the ZTPI time perspectives are valuable predictors for anxiety and depression levels during the first period of the pandemic.

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