scholarly journals Territorial features of the water-resource potential of Kyiv region

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The North ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Introduction. Water is the most important resource in human life because the birth and further development of living organisms take place in water. Ancient tribes se???? led close to rivers or other reservoirs where over time there were cities that later became the cradle of entire civilizations. Many civilizations had access to the sea, and that gave them endless opportunities in navigation and development of colonialism. Water-resource potential of the territory is an important indicator that has infl uenced the development of human civilization for millennia. Water resources of a territory have always had a huge impact on the development of a nation, as well as its mentality and culture. The territory of Kyiv region at one time was the cradle of the origin of our people and our culture. Kyiv was built on the slopes of the Dnieper River. Thanks to the great river, in the XI century the city became unprecedented for Europe at that time. The rivers were a source of drinking water, transport routes, protection against nomads and a place to catch fi sh. Over the years, the great importance of the rivers has not diminished, and now the water resources of the region are used no less, but even several times more than at the beginning of civilization. Studying the water-resource potential of Kyiv region is important, as water is involved in all spheres of people’s lives and more detailed study of it can give more accurate information about the amount of water resources and possibilities of their use. The purpose of this article is a comprehensive assessment and territorial features of the water-resource potential of Kyiv region for the purpose of rational water use and water consumption. Contribution of the main research material. Water resources of the area consist of surface and groundwater. There are 1523 rivers in the region, three of them are large (the Dnipro, Desna, Prypyat), eight are medium (the Uzh, Teteriv, Irpin, Ros, Trubizh, Supiy, Rotny Orzhitsa and Rotny Tikіch), others are small rivers with streams. In Kyiv region there are 750 small area lakes. The location of the lakes has a pattern: most lakes are in the north and east. 58 reservoirs and 2389 ponds have been made in the region (total water volume is 462.5 million m3). 17 reservoirs out of such a large number are in poor condition. The largest number of reservoirs is located on the river Ros. There is no any other river in the region that has such a big number of reservoirs. That is related to the peculiarities of the territory and the needs of the people in that area. Rivers are the main suppliers of drinking water in Kyiv region. An integral component of water resources is rivers runoff, which is used for the needs of industry, power engineering, agriculture, transport and household. The volume of the rivers runoff in Kyiv region is considerable, although it still has different values in the districts of the region. The largest runoff volume is in the Kagarlyk and Ivankiv districts, and the lowest is Boryspil, Borodyanka, Vasylkiv and Myronivsk districts of Kyiv region. The formation of runoff is influenced by various factors, such as the area of the district (Ivankiv district is the largest in the region), presence of rivers and their sizes. Generally, areas with access to the banks of the Dnieper River have no water scarcity. An important part of the water resources is the groundwater represented in the region by the Dnieper-Donetsk artesian basin. Groundwater is distributed unevenly within the region, thus, there are more reserves in the northern districts than in the southern ones. However, the depth of the deposit, which increases in the north-east directions towards the sinking of the crystalline rocks, plays a significant role there. The peculiarity of the region is a big difference between the forecasted and approved groundwater reserves. Most of the forecasted resources are concentrated within Vyshhorod district (219.9 million m3 / year), although, the approved ones are only 3.5 million m3 / year, which is a very small indicator. That means that in Vyshhorod district are approved only 2% of the forecasted resources, which is the lowest number in the region. The highest indicator of approved exploited reserves is in Kagarlyk district (100% to the forecasted ones). The forecasted resources are 3.2 million m3 / year, and the approved ones are 3.175 million m3 / year. Vasylkiv, Makariv, Myronivsk, Obukhiv, Poliske and Stavishchansk districts of Kyiv region have also a significant percentage of approved resources. In Zguriv district, groundwater is not commissioned at all. In terms of water resources, the region has enough surface and groundwater resources: in low-water year 95% of supply there is 996.5 thousand m3 of total and 26.4 thousand m3 of local surface water resources per 1 sq.km, and per one inhabitant - 6.48 and 0.18 thousand m3, respectively. Water supply of the territory and population is almost 6-11 times larger and by local resources - 1.2-2.2 times less than on average in Ukraine. Conclusions. Therefore, in most cases the population of cities, districts and industrial sites of the region are concentrated in areas of low water supply. In addition, distribution of rivers runoff is uneven throughout the year and when its use (in summer) increases, it has little value, which may limit further development of water-intensive industries. Distribution of water and resource potential across the region is uneven and varies from 34.78 million m3 (Boryspil district) to 785.36 million m3 (Kagarlyk district). Groundwater is a source of the region’s water resources.

WATER RESOURCES AND WATER SUPPLY OF KYRGYZSTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
D. K. OSMONBETOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
High Water ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
The North ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
North And South

The water resources of Kyrgyzstan, the uneven distribution of water resources across the territory are considered. A map of the distribution of the population, water resources and water supply by regions was prepared which is based on the comparative analysis of several indicators of the administrative-territorial units of the country. The distribution of water resources was presented in the following indicators – water supply across the territory of administrative-territorial units and water supply per capita per year. The quantitative indicators of water intake, the directions of the use of the country’s water resources by regions, such as irrigated agriculture, production needs and communal drinking water supply, are described in detail. The sources of drinking water and the amount of water losses are indicated, the main reasons for high water losses are determined. The differences between the northern and southern regions of the country in terms of water supply, the ratio of the north and south of the country in terms of water use have been determined. Among the regions of Kyrgyzstan, a more detailed description of the use of water resources was given for the Chui region which makes the greatest contribution to the country’s economy.

scholarly journals Springs of the Iva River Basin, Territory of the City of Perm

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
The City ◽  
Industrial Center

Nowadays the issue of small rivers water resources conditions and drinking water supply for the territory of Perm, the major industrial center of the Western Urals, is rather relevant. Within the frameworks of this paper results of investigation of the springs’ conditions and the Iva River/its tributaries water quality have been presented and the assessment of the ecological situation has been made on the grounds of these results. This work won a prize of the Russian National Contest of Water-related Projects among pupils of senior classes -2010 (the second place).

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF THE POLTAVA REGION WATER SUPPLY COMPLEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
O. Stepova ◽  
T. Hakh ◽  
L. Tiahnii
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Water Management Complex ◽  
Polluted Waters

Assessment of the state and rationality of the operation of the water management complex (WMC) of the Poltava region is an extremely relevant study of the present, since the WMC was created in the 60s-70s of the last century and actively provides the sectors of the economy and the population with water resources. The study aim is to assess the water resource potential as the basis for the functioning of the water-chemical complex, to determine the levels of technogenic impact on the water resource potential. A review of the sources was carried out using the Google Scholar database by filtering for the period from 2010 to 2021 and mainly revising publications on numerous samples related to monitoring and control of the state of the water management complex of the Poltava region. According to the official report of 2019, the rivers Dnieper, Psel, Sukhoi Omelnik, Uday received an assessment: slightly polluted waters, the Vorskla and Orzhitsa rivers are moderately polluted waters. The main ingredients responsible for the low water ratings as of 2019 are phosphate ions, manganese, as well as nitrite nitrogen, total iron and BOD5. The manganese content was measured in three rivers, and the average estimate ranged from 5.8 in the Psel River to 11.85 in the Vorskla River. According to the Regional Office of Water Resources in the Poltava region, in 2019, 109.8 million m3 were withdrawn from the natural water bodies of the Poltava region, namely underground water bodies, which is 4.6 million m3 less than in 2018 (or 4.0 %), including 69.83 million m3 (which is 3.29 million m3 or 4.5 % less than in 2018). However, the total water intake in the region over the past 10 years has decreased by 2.2 times. A positive trend is that all discharges occur at treatment facilities of housing and communal services. There is no discharge of return water without treatment into surface water bodies of the Poltava region; however, within the boundaries of settlements there is a discharge of under-treated municipal wastewater and runoff from the urbanized territory. Consequently, balancing water use is possible by introducing waterless, low-water and water-saving technologies in all sectors of the economy, maximum use of water in recycling water supply systems; replacement of physically and morally worn out water supply and water protection equipment, etc.

Surface and Groundwater Quality and Health, with a Focus on the United Kingdom

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Neal
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Freshwater environments are of major importance to health issues in both direct (e.g., drinking water and sanitation) and indirect (e.g., industry, agriculture, and amenity/recreation) ways. However, water resources are finite, and, though renewable, demands have multiplied over the last 100 years due to escalating human populations and the growing requirements of industry and agriculture. Hence, there are increasing global concerns over the extent of present and future good quality water resources. As Gleick (1998) emphasizes: . . . ·Per-capita water demands are increasing, but percapita water availability is decreasing due to population growth and economic development. . . . . . . ·Half the world’s population lacks basic sanitation and more than a billion people lack potable drinking water; these numbers are rising. Incidences of some water-related diseases are rising. . . . . . . ·The per-capita amount of irrigated land is falling and competition for agricultural water is growing. . . . . . . ·Political and military tensions/conflicts over shared water resources are growing. . . . . . . ·A groundwater overdraft exists, the size of which is accelerating; groundwater supplies occur on every continent except Antarctica. . . . . . . ·Global climate change is evident, and the hydrological cycle will be seriously affected in ways that are only beginning to be understood. . . . The chemical composition of surface and groundwaters is influenced by a wide range of processes, some of which are outside the influence of humans while others are a direct consequence of anthropogenic pollution or changing of the environment. Starting with the range and nature of the processes involved, the changing nature of surface and groundwater quality is illustrated here, based on the evolution of the United Kingdom from a rural to an industrial and to a post- industrial society. The issue of what constitutes a health risk is outlined in relation to the pragmatic approaches required for environmental management. Surface and groundwater exhibit a wide range of chemical compositions, and, in ecosystems uninfluenced by humans, the range of compositions can vary considerably.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Raw Water Supply In Pucang Gading Housing Complex, District Of Demak To Preparation Of Water Resources And Water Resources Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Solikhul Abdi ◽  
Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Housing Complex

Pucang Gading Housing Complex is an area within the Village Batursari, District of Demak with a population of 2018 as many as 44,257 inhabitants. Raw water service system Mranggen Unit is divided into 5 areas of service (service area Mranggen, Batursari I, Batursari II, Batursari III and Kebon) which utilize raw water source of water treatment plant (IPA Waru) and 8 Wells In a total discharge of 120 liter/second. The number of home connections in Pucang Gading area is currently 3,374 house connections, with a total water usage 14.25 liter/second Water discharges from clean water sources in Pucang Gading region are currently not maximally available to supply water to Pucang Gading service area. In this research will know the problems and readiness that exist by looking from the achievement of Medium Term Development Plan of Demak Regency Year 2016-2021. This research uses SWOT analysis method that is internal and external factors. The selection of raw water sources for drinking water should pay attention to aspects of quality, quantity and continuity. Demak Regency has the potential of surface water either river/ reservoir/dam. The problems and challenges of drinking water supply include issues of safe access to water supply, and regulation of groundwater utilization for the community.

scholarly journals The Storage and Water Quality Characteristics of Rungiri Quarry Reservoir in Kiambu, Kenya, as a Potential Source of Urban Water

Hydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfred Kilonzo ◽  
Patrick Home ◽  
Joseph Sang ◽  
Beatrice Kakoi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Quality Status ◽  
Quality Status

Urbanization has caused limitations on water resources, while climate change has reduced amounts of surface water in some parts of the world. Kikuyu, a suburban area in Kiambu county, Kenya, is facing this challenge. The major challenge in the study is scarcity of potable water, resulting in inadequate water supply to Kikuyu residents. Currently, only 63.6% of the population is being supplied with water by Kikuyu Water Company, the company mandated to supply water to the area. Water demand was 2972 m3/day in 2015 and was projected to be 3834 m3/day by 2025. This has put pressure on the already exploited clean water resources, making it necessary to seek additional sources of domestic water. Storage capacity and water quality of surface water bodies, especially small reservoirs whose water can be used to ease the demand, need to be assessed for supplemental water supply. This study aimed at assessing the suitability of the abandoned quarry reservoir as a source of potable urban water by determining its storage capacity characteristics and water quality status. Volume characteristics were determined using bathymetry survey in January 2019. Water samples were collected in January and August 2019 and analyzed for chemical, physical, and bacteriological quality, as per the American Public Health Association (APHA) standard methods for water and wastewater. Parameters were evaluated based on World Health Organization (WHO) and Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) guidelines for drinking water, and rated based on the drinking water quality index (WQI). The reservoir’s maximum storage capacity was found to be 128,385 m3, the surface area was 17,699 m2, and the maximum depth was 15.11 m. Nineteen of the twenty-five investigated parameters were within the acceptable standards. However, the concentrations of manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), turbidity, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were above the acceptable limits. Manganese and iron levels increased with depth. The overall WQI of the reservoir was 82.51 and 85.85 in January and August, respectively. Therefore, based on WQI rating, the water scored a good quality rating and could be used for domestic supply upon treatment. The original achievement of this study is establishment of the volume of the water in the quarry as an additional source of water to the nearby community, along with water quality status.

Water Supply Facility Damage and Water Resource Operation at Disaster Base Hospitals in Miyagi Prefecture in the Wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Matsumura ◽  
Shizuka Osaki ◽  
Daisuke Kudo ◽  
Hajime Furukawa ◽  
Atsuhiro Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to shed light on damage to water supply facilities and the state of water resource operation at disaster base hospitals in Miyagi Prefecture (Japan) in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake (2011), in order to identify issues concerning the operational continuity of hospitals in the event of a disaster.MethodsIn addition to interview and written questionnaire surveys to 14 disaster base hospitals in Miyagi Prefecture, a number of key elements relating to the damage done to water supply facilities and the operation of water resources were identified from the chronological record of events following the Great East Japan Earthquake.ResultsNine of the 14 hospitals experienced cuts to their water supplies, with a median value of three days (range = one to 20 days) for service recovery time. The hospitals that could utilize well water during the time that water supply was interrupted were able to obtain water in quantities similar to their normal volumes. Hospitals that could not use well water during the period of interruption, and hospitals whose water supply facilities were damaged, experienced significant disruption to dialysis, sterilization equipment, meal services, sanitation, and outpatient care services, though the extent of disruption varied considerably among hospitals. None of the hospitals had determined the amount of water used for different purposes during normal service or formulated a plan for allocation of limited water in the event of a disaster.ConclusionThe present survey showed that it is possible to minimize the disruption and reduction of hospital functions in the event of a disaster by proper maintenance of water supply facilities and by ensuring alternative water resources, such as well water. It is also clear that it is desirable to conclude water supply agreements and formulate strategic water allocation plans in preparation for the eventuality of a long-term interruption to water services.MatsumuraT, OsakiS, KudoD, FurukawaH, NakagawaA, AbeY, YamanouchiS, EgawaS, TominagaT, KushimotoS. Water supply facility damage and water resource operation at disaster base hospitals in Miyagi Prefecture in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(2):1-5.

Towards a resilient water future via inter-basin water transfer: climate impact assessment and feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majed Khadem ◽  
Richard Dawson ◽  
Claire Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Climate Impact Assessment ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Water Companies

<p>Uneven distribution of water resources in the face of climate change and population growth is imposing increasing threats to communities as well as challenging decision-makers. Inter-basin water transfer (IBT) schemes have been appreciated as one of the common approaches to tackle this issue. This work presents a framework for climate impact assessment and feasibility study for IBTs. The framework investigates negative impacts of IBTs on the donor and receiving bodies. This is done by calculating hydrological drought risk and environmental risks to freshwater habitats under 1200 future climatic scenarios and two different transfer scenarios. 2.2 Km resolution time-series from UK’s Met Office most recent climate projection (UKCP18) is used as the input scenario and a water resources model developed at Newcastle University is implemented to determine allocation and calculate the above risk factors. This work considers transferring raw water from England’s water-rich North East to its water-stressed South East as the case study. This case was chosen because England, with no major IBT scheme, is experiencing challenges from more frequent climate change and increasing demand for water in London. Additionally, organisations such as National Infrastructure Commission (NIC) and Environment Agency (EA) have encouraged England’s water companies to consider IBT as one of the options to improve water supply resilience. In this study, we assess schemes to transfer water using the existing infrastructures of water companies located from North East to South East of England to minimise costs and environmental impacts. Results suggest that, under a wide range of future scenarios, meeting London’s annual water shortage through transfers from the North East during wet season of each year not only increases London’s water supply resilience but also boosts flood resilience in the North East donor basin while still meeting environmental requirements.</p>

Adaptive management and governance of Delaware River water resources

Water Policy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn A. Mandarano ◽  
Robert J. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Water ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Delaware River

This paper articulates the complexities of adaptively managing Delaware River water resources to meet shifting priorities of drinking water supply, drought mitigation and flood mitigation, as well as conflicting stakeholder interests. In particular, the paper examines the short-term and long-term programs that comprise the Delaware River Basin Commission's (DRBC) and the 1954 US Supreme Court Decree parties' successful adaptive management approach that seeks to balance the growing list of demands for water resources management, including drinking water supply, drought management, flood control and cold water fisheries protection. Review of the DRBC's adaptive governance approach reveals the critical complexities of designing experimental, yet science-driven management approaches and effectively engaging various sets of stakeholders in the associated decision-making processes.

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