Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Homalomena josefii P.C. Boyce and S.Y. Wong rhizome extract

The rhizome of Homalomena josefii P.C. Boyce and S.Y. Wong is commonly used in Borneo folk medicine. It is potent in treating stomach aches, headaches, and snake bites. The lack of information about their biological activities leads to an investigation to determine its antibacterial and antioxidant activities of H. josefii rhizome extract. This study aimed to ascertain antibacterial activity in opposition to foodborne pathogens namely Bacillus megaterium ATCC14581, Bacillus pumilus ATCC14884, Proteus mirabilis ATCC21100 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC13773 and its antioxidant properties of H. josefii rhizome extracts. Extraction of dried powdered H. josefii rhizome was carried out through the maceration method using methanol as a solvent to produce crude extracts. The crude extracts were then tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The antibacterial activity was conducted in terms of disc diffusion assay (DDA), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill assay. All were performed following the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) procedure to ensure liable results. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) scavenging assay were used to stimulate the antioxidant activity. The results show that DDA inhibition zone of the methanolic extracts ranged from 9.00±0.58 to 10.00±0.00 mm. The extract was able to inhibit the growth of all tested bacteria with MICs value ranging from 0.31 to 5.00 mg/mL. Meanwhile, the extract is able to kill all tested bacteria with MBC values that range from 0.63 to 5.00 mg/mL. Time-kill assay curve analysis results showed that the extract was able to completely kill the bacterial growth at 4 × MIC for 4 hours. The total phenolic compound (TPC) of methanolic extract was 435.138 mg GAE/g and IC50 of the extract was 11.809 μg/mL. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of H. josefii rhizome extract exhibited antibacterial and antioxidant activities, thus it can further be developed as a natural preservative.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF MICHELIA CHAMPACA LEAVES

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2019v11i5.31745 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 56-61

Author(s):

PUSHPA RUWALI ◽

MAMTA ADHIKARI ◽

SUBHANSHI SHARMA

Keyword(s):

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Animal Health ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Michelia Champaca ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: To investigate and compare the phytochemicals, antioxidant activities of various crude extracts from fresh leaves of locally available plant Michelia champaca belonging to family Magnoliaceae. Methods: The present study was designed to perform preliminary phytochemical (qualitative and quantitative) analysis of various extracts. The crude extracts from the leaves of M. champaca were prepared using various organic solvents viz. Methanol (MCMET), Ethanol (MCETH), Hexane (MCHEX), and Chloroform (MCCHLO). In addition, total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents of various extracts were also measured along with the evaluation of the antioxidant capacities using most widely accepted in vitro chemical tests such as DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay. Results: The methanolic extract of M. champaca showed the presence of maximum phytochemicals (12) when compared to other solvent extracts viz. Hexane (10), Ethanol (8) and Chloroform(7). The amount of phenolic and flavonoids present in solvents were in the order of Methanol>Hexane>Ethanol>Chloroform. The best antioxidant potential was found in the Methanol extract. The Methanolic extract exhibited an IC50 value of 72.03µg/ml (DPPH) and of 185.21µg/ml (ABTS), respectively for the two radical scavenging assays. Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis of M. champaca (leaves) various extracts showed good amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents and also exhibited significant antioxidant activity. A positive linear correlation between the antioxidant activities and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the plant extracts was observed. Study revealed variations in such reported activities due to different organic extraction solvents used. In overall conclusion, Michelia champaca has good potential as a source of natural antioxidant for animal health and food industry and further relevant studies on similar lines would be worthwhile.

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Bioactivities of plant extracts collected in Halmahera, Indonesia: A bioprospection study of underexplored plant species

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ◽

10.22146/ijp.1774 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 376-384

Author(s):

Marlin Megalestin Raunsai ◽

Kartika Dyah Palupi ◽

Ahmad Fathoni ◽

Andria Agusta

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Plant Species ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Agents ◽

Ethanolic Extracts ◽

Potential Sources ◽

Weak Antibacterial Activity

The discovery of new antibiotics to overcome the growing resistance problem as well as the discovery of new natural, safe antioxidants to combat oxidative stress are still urgently needed. Medicinal plants are known to produce potential therapeutic substances which are more biologically selective than synthetic compounds. Therefore, we explored the bioactivities of 35 ethanolic extracts from 24 underexplored plant species collected in Halmahera, to find potential sources for antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Dried plant parts were extracted using ethanol 96%. Thin layer chromatography-direct-bioautography (TLC-DB) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination were used to evaluate the antibacterial effect. Antioxidant activity was determined against DPPH using TLC-DB and microdilution assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s method. The ethanolic extracts exhibited moderate to weak antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. However, the leaf extract of Elaeocarpus dolichostylus, Elaeocarpus multiflorus, and Psychotria celebica as well as the stem bark extract of Elaeocarpus dolichostylus, Cinnamomum sintoc, and Garcinia latissima displayed very strong antioxidant activities against DPPH with AAI values between 4.60 to 13.42. A strong correlation between TPC and antioxidant activity with r = 0.8712 was observed. Despite the moderate to weak antibacterial activity, eight underexplored plant species exhibit strong antioxidant activities. A high correlation between TPC and antioxidant activity indicating a prominent role of phenolic compounds in the plants’ antioxidant properties. These findings indicate that collected plants from Halmahera are potential to be studied and developed further as the potential sources for novel antioxidants.

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Antibacterial and Antioxidant Capacity of Polar Microorganisms Isolated from Arctic Lichen Ochrolechia sp.

Polish Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.33073/pjm-2014-042 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 317-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MI-KYEONG KIM ◽

HYUN PARK ◽

TAE-JIN OH

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Diffusion Test ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Disk Diffusion Test ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Although many scientists have been studying lichens, the bacterial communities among lichens have not been fully explored. In this study, the biological activities of bacterial isolates from Arctic lichen Ochrolechia sp. were screened. Cell cultures were extracted using ethyl acetate, and these cultures were tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. To evaluate the antibacterial activities, we carried out a disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration assay. The inhibition zone diameter (mm) was 8 to 12, and its MIC value ranged from 222.0 to > 1000 μg/ml (control antibiotic ampicillin ranged from 0.31 to 0.58 μg/ml). PAMC26625 (Sphingomonas sp., sequence similarity: 99.108%) showed a high amount of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents within 5 extracts and also exhibited 77.23% and 80.02% in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl assay and the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay, respectively. In the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, it was determined that PAMC26625 contained a higher amount of ferrous ion [8.72 mM Fe(II)/mg extract] than control ascorbic acid [6.21 mM Fe(II)/mg extract]. Our data indicated that they had potential to be novel sources of antibacterials and antioxidants.

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Use of A Hydroalcoholic Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves for the Green Synthesis of Bismuth Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Anti-Microbial and Antioxidant Activities

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13040876 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 876

Author(s):

Prince Edwin Das ◽

Amin F. Majdalawieh ◽

Imad A. Abu-Yousef ◽

Srinivasan Narasimhan ◽

Palmiro Poltronieri

Keyword(s):

Green Synthesis ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Bismuth Nanoparticles ◽

Fungal Activity ◽

Anti Fungal

The employment of plant extracts in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a very attractive approach in the field of green synthesis. To benefit from the potential synergy between the biological activities of the Moringa oleifera and metallic bismuth, our study aimed to achieve a green synthesis of phytochemical encapsulated bismuth nanoparticles using a hydroalcoholic extract of M. oleifera leaves. The total phenolic content in the M. oleifera leaves extract used was 23.0 ± 0.3 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of dried M. oleifera leaves powder. The physical properties of the synthesized bismuth nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR spectrometer, TEM, SEM, and XRD. The size of the synthesized bismuth nanoparticles is in the range of 40.4–57.8 nm with amorphous morphology. Using DPPH and phosphomolybdate assays, our findings revealed that the M. oleifera leaves extract and the synthesized bismuth nanoparticles possess antioxidant properties. Using resazurin microtiter assay, we also demonstrate that the M. oleifera leaves extract and the synthesized bismuth nanoparticles exert potent anti-bacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis (estimated MIC values for the extract: 500, 250, 250, and 250 µg/mL; estimated MIC values for the bismuth nanoparticles: 500, 500, 500, and 250 µg/mL, respectively). Similarly, the M. oleifera leaves extract and the synthesized bismuth nanoparticles display relatively stronger anti-fungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata (estimated MIC values for the extract: 62.5, 62.5, 125, and 250 µg/mL; estimated MIC values for the bismuth nanoparticles: 250, 250, 62.5, and 62.5 µg/mL, respectively). Thus, green synthesis of bismuth nanoparticles using M. oleifera leaves extract was successful, showing a positive antioxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal activity. Therefore, the synthesized bismuth nanoparticles can potentially be employed in the alleviation of symptoms associated with oxidative stress and in the topic treatment of Candida infections.

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Tunisian Native Mentha pulegium L. Extracts: Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules27010314 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 314

Author(s):

Jed Jebali ◽

Hanene Ghazghazi ◽

Chedia Aouadhi ◽

Ines ELBini-Dhouib ◽

Ridha Ben Salem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Mentha Pulegium ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Traditional Remedies

Mint species (Lamiaceae family) have been used as traditional remedies for the treatment of several diseases. In this work, we aimed to characterize the biological activities of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Mentha pulegium L. extracts collected from two different regions of Tunisia. The highest amounts of total phenols (74.45 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (28.87 ± 0.02 mg RE/g DW), and condensed tannins (4.35 ± 0.02 mg CE/g DW) were found in the Bizerte locality. Methanolic leaf extracts were subjected to HPLC-UV analysis in order to identify and quantify the phenolic composition. This technique allowed us to identify seven phenolic compounds: two phenolic acids and five flavonoid compounds, such as eriocitrin, hesperidin, narirutin, luteolin, and isorhoifolin, which were found in both extracts with significant differences between samples collected from the different regions (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our results showed that the methanolic extract from leaves collected from Bizerte had the highest antioxidant activities (DPPH IC50 value of 16.31 μg/mL and 570.08 μmol Fe2+/g, respectively). Both extracts showed high radical-scavenging activity as well as significant antimicrobial activity against eight tested bacteria. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed against Gram-positive bacteria with inhibition zone diameters and MIC values ranging between 19 and 32 mm and 40 and 160 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, at 10 μg/mL, the extract had a significant effect on cell proliferation of U87 human glioblastoma cells. These findings open perspectives for the use of Mentha pulegium L. extract in green pharmacy, alternative/complementary medicine, and natural preventive therapies for the development of effective antioxidant, antibacterial, and/or antitumoral drugs.

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Nutritional and Bioactive Characterization of Sicana odorifera Naudim Vell. Seeds By-Products and Its Potential Hepatoprotective Properties in Swiss Albino Mice

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10121351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1351

Author(s):

Silvia Caballero ◽

Laura Mereles ◽

Alberto Burgos-Edwards ◽

Nelson Alvarenga ◽

Eva Coronel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Quercetin Derivatives ◽

Albino Mice ◽

By Products

The “Kurugua” (Sicana odorifera) is a native fruit that demonstrates attractive nutritional, coloring, flavoring, and antioxidant properties. The main by-products from the processing and consumption of kurugua fruit are epicarp and seeds. In this work, the properties of the seeds of S. odorifera were evaluated. The nutritional composition of the fruit seeds was determined through AOAC official methods and UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiling. The antioxidant activities were determined using in vitro methods, and the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective properties were investigated in Swiss albino mice. Quercetin derivatives and cucurbitacins were the main phytochemicals in the seeds’ methanolic extract and demonstrated some biological activities. GC-MS analysis revealed the essential fatty acids linolenic and linoleic as the main compounds present in seeds oil. The methanolic extract significantly reduced the serum levels of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in mice with induced hepatotoxicity (GPT p < 0.05; GOT p < 0.001) at the minor concentration tested (100 mg/kg EMSo). The results suggest that the S. odorifera seeds as by-products show potential use as a source of phytochemicals and in the production of oils with application in food supplements and nutraceuticals. Their integral use could contribute to waste reduction from kurugua fruits processing within the food safety and environmental sustainability framework.

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Amino acids, bioactive compounds and biological activities of ten species from family Commelinaceae in Thailand

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49312391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 12391

Author(s):

Theeraphan CHUMROENPHAT ◽

Surapon SAENSOUK

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Few Data

Commelinaceae is used for ethnobotany. However, bioactive compounds information of this family is few data. The aim here was to determine the bioactive compounds and quantify the antioxidant activity from leaves 10 species. Twenty amino acids were identified using LC/MS/MS. The antioxidant contents were evaluated by the total phenolic and total flavonoid content assays. The individual phenolic acids, flavonoids and vitamin c were identified by HPLC. The antioxidant activities detected were DPPH scavenging and FRAP assay. The total amino acids found in most samples studied ranging from 239 to 1012 µg/g DW. Vitamin C contents were in the range of 23 to 195 mg/100 g DW. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents ranged from 11.3 to 35.7 mg GAE/g DW and 56.7 to 368.7 mg RE/100 g DW, respectively. All the species studied possessed strong antioxidant properties (DPPH and FRAP). This result can be applied for further development of functional foods or cosmetics.

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Comparison extraction methods for evaluating antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract

Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.13171/mjc10802009101498mm ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 775

Author(s):

Muharni Muharni ◽

Elfita Elfita ◽

Heni Yohandini ◽

Chika Valenta

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Flavonoid Content

In this study, we were interested in comparing the influence of different extraction methods on antioxidant and antibacterial activities of V.amygdalina leaves extracts. The extracts were also analyzed for their total phenolic and flavonoid content. The extraction methods used maceration, soxhlet, and fractionation, the evaluation of antioxidant activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) method and antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. The total phenolic and flavonoids are determined by the spectrophotometric method. Ethanol extract by fractionating on this method showed the highest antioxidant properties compared to other extracts with IC50 170 μg/mL in category potent antioxidant with total phenolic content 28.83 ± 2.62 mg GAE/g, and the total flavonoid content 18.78 ± 0.15 mg QE/g. Evaluation of antibacterial properties the extracts of V. amyigdalina showed moderate antibacterial activity against all bacteria tests with inhibition zone 6.1 ± 0.1 to 9.4 ± 0.9 mm at variation concentration 62.5 – 1000 μg/mL. The fractionation method using ethanol solvent is the best for the extraction of antioxidant compounds from V. amygdalina.

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Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa and Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Crude Extracts

Veterinary Science Research ◽

10.30564/vsr.v3i1.2623 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tran Thi Quynh Lan ◽

Vu Manh Khiem ◽

Nguyen Van Tin

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity ◽

Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

The aim of this study was to investigate the extraction method for R. tomentosa and C. zeylanicum leaves and the evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of crude extracts. The results of the study showed that the active ingredients of crude extracts were clearly separated by Thin-layer chromatography and the presence of rhodomyrtone in R. tomentosa crude extract and cinnamaldehyde in C. zeylanicum crude extract. R. tomentosa crude extract was antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with 13.1 mm of inhibition zone, but is not effective against Salmonella Typhimurium. C. zeylanicum leaf extract did not show antibacterial activity on both S. aureus and S. Typhimurium. At a dilution of 1/2 of the R. tomentosa crude extract can completely inhibit S. aureus growth. This study also indicated the presence of antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols and terpenoids in C. zeylanicum and R. tomentosa crude extracts. The results showed that R. tomentosa and C. zeylanicum crude extracts should be used as a biotherapy alternative to antibiotic therapy. However, further study would be needed to investigate the antibacterial activity of crude extracts in vivo.

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Quantification of total bioactive contents and evaluation of the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude extracts from Ephedra altissima Desf.

Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascibiolsci.v43i1.52123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. e52123

Author(s):

Waffa Bouafia ◽

Soumia Mouffouk ◽

Hamada Haba

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Etoac Extract ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Good Ability

The present work describes the in vitro biological activities of the crude extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) prepared from the species Ephedra altissima Desf. The estimation of total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents were carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu, trichloroaluminum and acidified vanillin methods, respectively. The evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activities were performed by three different methods namely: scavenging of the free radical ABTS, permanganate reducing antioxidant capacity, and potentiometric assay. In addition, the antibacterial activity was assessed by the agar disk diffusion assay against seven bacterial strains. The results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several types of secondary metabolites. The EtOAc extract exhibited the highest content of phenols (125.62 ± 1.51 μg EGA mg-1 of extract). The greatest flavonoid and tannin contents were observed for n-BuOH extract (19.18 ± 0.39 µg EQ mg-1 of extract and 8.95 ± 1.70 μg EC mg-1 of extract, respectively). Moreover, the EtOAc extract revealed potent antioxidant activity in all the tested methods. Furthermore, the aqueous extract from the species E. altissima showed a good ability to reduce iron III to iron II with a value of 0.68 ± 0.3 moL eq L-1 in potentiometric assay. All the crude extracts (PE, EtOAc and n-BuOH) displayed inhibition of bacterial growth against at least three strains with values of MIC ranging from 3.125 to 50 µg mL-1. Therefore, these results suggest that Ephedra altissima could be used as an important source of natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

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