scholarly journals Nutritional and Bioactive Characterization of Sicana odorifera Naudim Vell. Seeds By-Products and Its Potential Hepatoprotective Properties in Swiss Albino Mice

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1351
Author(s):  
Silvia Caballero ◽  
Laura Mereles ◽  
Alberto Burgos-Edwards ◽  
Nelson Alvarenga ◽  
Eva Coronel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Quercetin Derivatives ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
By Products

The “Kurugua” (Sicana odorifera) is a native fruit that demonstrates attractive nutritional, coloring, flavoring, and antioxidant properties. The main by-products from the processing and consumption of kurugua fruit are epicarp and seeds. In this work, the properties of the seeds of S. odorifera were evaluated. The nutritional composition of the fruit seeds was determined through AOAC official methods and UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiling. The antioxidant activities were determined using in vitro methods, and the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective properties were investigated in Swiss albino mice. Quercetin derivatives and cucurbitacins were the main phytochemicals in the seeds’ methanolic extract and demonstrated some biological activities. GC-MS analysis revealed the essential fatty acids linolenic and linoleic as the main compounds present in seeds oil. The methanolic extract significantly reduced the serum levels of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in mice with induced hepatotoxicity (GPT p < 0.05; GOT p < 0.001) at the minor concentration tested (100 mg/kg EMSo). The results suggest that the S. odorifera seeds as by-products show potential use as a source of phytochemicals and in the production of oils with application in food supplements and nutraceuticals. Their integral use could contribute to waste reduction from kurugua fruits processing within the food safety and environmental sustainability framework.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Homalomena josefii P.C. Boyce and S.Y. Wong rhizome extract

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2122-2131
Author(s):  
K.R. Rinai ◽  
I.S. Ismail ◽  
Son R. ◽  
C.Y. New ◽  
Y. Rukayadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Snake Bites ◽  
Time Kill

The rhizome of Homalomena josefii P.C. Boyce and S.Y. Wong is commonly used in Borneo folk medicine. It is potent in treating stomach aches, headaches, and snake bites. The lack of information about their biological activities leads to an investigation to determine its antibacterial and antioxidant activities of H. josefii rhizome extract. This study aimed to ascertain antibacterial activity in opposition to foodborne pathogens namely Bacillus megaterium ATCC14581, Bacillus pumilus ATCC14884, Proteus mirabilis ATCC21100 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC13773 and its antioxidant properties of H. josefii rhizome extracts. Extraction of dried powdered H. josefii rhizome was carried out through the maceration method using methanol as a solvent to produce crude extracts. The crude extracts were then tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The antibacterial activity was conducted in terms of disc diffusion assay (DDA), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill assay. All were performed following the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) procedure to ensure liable results. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) scavenging assay were used to stimulate the antioxidant activity. The results show that DDA inhibition zone of the methanolic extracts ranged from 9.00±0.58 to 10.00±0.00 mm. The extract was able to inhibit the growth of all tested bacteria with MICs value ranging from 0.31 to 5.00 mg/mL. Meanwhile, the extract is able to kill all tested bacteria with MBC values that range from 0.63 to 5.00 mg/mL. Time-kill assay curve analysis results showed that the extract was able to completely kill the bacterial growth at 4 × MIC for 4 hours. The total phenolic compound (TPC) of methanolic extract was 435.138 mg GAE/g and IC50 of the extract was 11.809 μg/mL. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of H. josefii rhizome extract exhibited antibacterial and antioxidant activities, thus it can further be developed as a natural preservative.

scholarly journals Domestic Cooking Effects of Bambara Groundnuts and Common Beans in the Antioxidant Properties and Polyphenol Profiles

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nyau ◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
J. Rodrigues ◽  
J. Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

Processing of legumes before consumption has several effects on micronutrients, macronutrients and phytonutrients. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of domestic processing on antioxidant activities and phenolic phytochemicals of the red bambara groundnuts and red beans. The study employed in vitro antioxidant assays (DPPH and FRAP) to screen for antioxidant properties, HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and Folin Ciocalteu assay to screen for phenolic phytochemical profiles. Domestic cooking displayed positive effects on the antioxidant activity and phenolic phytochemical profiles of the two legumes. The free radical scavenging speed increased 10-fold in the methanolic extract from cooked red bambara groundnuts compared to uncooked. By contrast, the free radical scavenging speed increased 20-fold in the methanolic extract from cooked red beans compared to uncooked. HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS profiles of the cooked red bambara groundnuts and red beans revealed a number of emergent phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids. These data indicate that cooking appear to enhance the nutraceutical profiles of the legumes investigated.

scholarly journals Improvement of endothelial function by Gunnera tinctoria extract with antioxidant properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza Sabando ◽  
Maité Rodríguez-Díaz ◽  
Walther Ide ◽  
Edgar Pastene ◽  
Marcia Avello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Quercetin Derivatives

Abstract Background Gunnera tinctoria has been collected by Mapuche-Pewenche people for food and medicinal purposes. The high polyphenol content of methanolic extract from G. tinctoria leaves with chemical constituents such as ellagic acid and quercetin derivatives suggests its application to prevent endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to provide evidence of the protective effect of this extract on endothelial function by reducing oxidative stress induced by high d-glucose and H2O2, as well as by stimulating nitric oxide (NO) levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results A methanolic extract with a high content of polyphenols (520 ± 30 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry extract) was obtained from G. tinctoria leaves. Its main constituent was ellagic acid. The results of Ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays of the extract confirmed its antioxidant activity by inhibition pathway of radical species. The incubation of HUVECs with the extract decreased the apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis induced by high extracellular concentration of d-glucose or hydrogen peroxide. The extract increased endothelial NO levels and reduced vasoconstriction in human placental vessels. Conclusions This study provides evidence about the antioxidant and endothelial protective properties of methanolic G. tinctoria leaf extract. The extract improves the availability of NO in HUVECs, inhibiting the production of ROS and vasoconstriction.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic Effect of Aqueous and Methanolic Extract ofArtemisia afraon Alloxan Induced Diabetic Swiss Albino Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Ahmed Issa ◽  
Mohammed Hussen Bule
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Albino Mice

Diabetes mellitus is metabolic syndrome that causes disability, early death, and many other complications. Currently insulin and many synthetic drugs are used in diabetes treatment. However, these pharmaceutical drugs are too expensive particularly for sub-Saharan population in addition to their undesirable side effects. The present study was aimed to evaluate antidiabetic effect and toxicity level ofArtemisia afrawhich was collected from its natural habitat in Bale Zone, around Goba town, 455 km southeast of Addis Ababa. Air dried aerial parts ofArtemisia afrawere separately extracted with both distilled water and 95% methanol. Oral acute toxicity test was conducted on healthy Swiss albino mice. Antidiabetic effect of the aqueous and methanolic extracts ofArtemisia afrawas separately evaluated on alloxan induced diabetic mice at doses of 500, 750, and 1000 mg/Kg body weight orally. The results indicate that mean lethal dose (LD50) for aqueous extract ofArtemisia afrawas 9833.4 mg/Kg. Blood glucose level was significantly decreased by 24% (p<0.005) and 56.9% (p<0.0004) in groups that received aqueous extract ofArtemisia afraat dose of 500 mg/Kg and 750 mg/Kg, respectively. The methanolic extract ofArtemisia afraalso significantly lowered blood glucose by 49.8% (p<0.0001) at doses of 1000 mg/kg on the 5th hr. Aqueous extract ofArtemisia afrawas regarded as nontoxic and safe since its LD50was found above 5000 mg/Kg. Aqueous extract showed higher effect at relatively lower dose as compared to methanolic extract. The aqueous extract was screened positive for phytochemicals like flavonoids, polyphenols, and tannins that were reported to have antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive effect of methanolic extract of Murraya koenigii leaves in swiss albino mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Arunkumar J. ◽  
Vijayalakshmi M. ◽  
Yesodha S. ◽  
YousufAli A. S. ◽  
Parthiban R.
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Tail Clip

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate anti-nociceptive effect of methanolic extract of Murraya koenigii leaves on thermal and mechanical pain in swiss albino mice.Methods: Thirty adult male swiss albino mice weighing 25-30 grams were selected and allocated in to five groups. Each group consists of six animals. The control group received vehicle (10 ml/kg), standard group received morphine (10 mg/kg) and test groups received dried methanolic extract of Murraya koenigii leaves (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg per oral respectively) 1 hour before placing the animal over the hot plate at temperature of 55⁰C . A cut off period of 10 sec was observed to avoid damage of the paw. The response in the form of withdrawal of paws or licking of the paws. The delay in the reaction time denotes analgesic activity. The latency was recorded before and after 15, 30, 60, 120 minutes administration of drug. After washout period of 1 month the same group of animals were utilized to evaluate the analgesic effect by tail clip method for better comparison.Results: All the doses of Murraya koenigii leaves significantly delayed reaction time in hot plate method and tail clip method. The results were comparable to that produced by standard drug morphine.Conclusions: Murraya koenigii leaves has analgesic activity which was comparable to morphine.

scholarly journals Anti-Depressant Activity of the Leaves of Zanthoxylum Armatum on Swiss Albino Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Chandrajeet Kumar Yadav ◽  
Kamal Poudel ◽  
Roshan Mehta ◽  
Amit Kumar Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Albino Mice

INTRODUCTION Depression is a global mental disorder that has high incidence, high recurrence, and high self-mutilation and suicide rates. Although the antidepressant drugs are available for the treatment, depression still continues to be a major medical problem. The present study was designed to study the anti-depressant activity of the leaves extract of Zanthoxylum armatum using forced swim test and tail suspension test (TST) on Swiss albino mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS The anti-depressant activity of the leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum was assessed using chronic unpredictable mild-stress (CUMS) induced depression in mice. The animals were treated with the methanolic extract of leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum orally at two doses of 100, 200 mg/kg body weight for eight days after (CUMS) induced depression in mice. RESULTS The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by tukey multiple comparison test. The leaves extract presented significant antidepressant activity in mice (p<0.05), CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that methanolic extract of leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum has got significant antidepressant activity.

scholarly journals Manganese Sulphide Nano Rods grown inside Acacia Senegal Gum Hydrogels; A Biocompatible Nanofabrication for Enhanced Biological activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayat Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Junaid Ihsan ◽  
Muhammad Aslam Khan ◽  
Marvi Ghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Nano Rods

Abstract The present work demonstrates the synthesis and biological properties of novel manganese sulphide (MnS) hydrogels using acacia Senegal gum (ASG) as a natural biopolymer and divinyl sulfone (DS) as a cross-linker via in situ reduction method. Acacia Senegal Gum hydrogel p(ASG) and manganese sulphide (MnS) nano-rods fabricated hydrogels p(ASG)-MnS hydrogels were then characterized through various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Biomedical investigation of pristine and p(ASG)-MnS was carried out by evaluating their biocompatibility, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Both the pristine and hybrid hydrogel shown excellent biocompatibility with 0.759 % hemolysis for p(ASG) and 2.386 % haemolytic activity for p(ASG)-MnS at the highest tested dose of 400 µg/mL. Furthermore, p (ASG)-MnS displayed remarkable antioxidant activities as evaluated by multiple antioxidant assays. The p(ASG)-MnS exhibit better DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities of 66.91±0.22 (%) and 98.40±0.58 (TEAC), respectively. On the other hand, p (ASG) showed 7.5%±0.58 (%) FRSA and 4.40±0.28 (TEAC), activity. Similarly, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total reducing power (TRP) values for p (ASG)-MnS were 184.32±2.3 (µg AAE/mg) and 179.83±0.1.2 (µg AAE/mg), respectively thus proving the considerable antioxidant properties of the hybrid hydrogels. The antidiabetic activity of p (ASG) and p(ASG)-MnS hydrogels were examined by determining their alpha-amylase inhibition potential. The p(ASG)-MnS displayed average alpha-amylase with numerical value 16.7±1.4 (%) as compared to p(ASG) with very weak inhibition potential of 4.18±0.98 (%). To conclude, p(ASG)-MnS hydrogel have excellent biocompatibility and antioxidant potential and reasonable antidiabetic activity as compare to pristine p(ASG).

scholarly journals Assessment of Antidiarrheal Action of the Methanolic Extract of Brassica nigra Flower in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sarowar Uddin ◽  
Md. Nazmul Huda ◽  
Sakib Mosharraf ◽  
Md. Shalahuddin Millat
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Brassica Nigra ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

scholarly journals Impact of Simulated Human Gastrointestinal Digestion on the Bioactive Fraction of Upcycled Pineapple By-Products

Foods ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gómez-García ◽  
Ana A. Vilas-Boas ◽  
Ana Oliveira ◽  
Manuela Amorim ◽  
José A. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

Pineapple by-products (peels and stems) from fruit processing industries were evaluated to understand its potential application as a functional food. Therefore, the bioactive compounds of pineapple by-products were characterized for prebiotic and antioxidant activities. A total characterization of soluble carbohydrates profile (simples and complex carbohydrates), as well as polyphenols was performed, after removal of enzymatic fraction from pineapple crude juice, allowing the decrease of proteolytic activity and improving the other biological activities. Results showed that pineapple liquid fraction, from stem and peels, can be applied as a prebiotic enhancer, promoting the growth of five probiotic microorganisms (two strains of Lactobacillus sp. and three strains of Bifidobacterium sp.), as a single carbohydrate source. Moreover, through HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis, 10 polyphenols were identified in pineapple liquid fractions, with some expected differences between both evaluated by-products. Gastrointestinal tract was simulated, in a continuous mode to understand the impact of pH changes and gastrointestinal enzymes into pineapple liquid fractions. Results showed a digestion of high molecular weight polysaccharides into small molecular weight tri-, di-, and monosaccharides. There was an increase of samples antioxidant activity through the gastrointestinal stage, followed by the release of specific polyphenols, such as chlorogenic, coumaric, and ferulic acids. The prebiotic activity did not improve throughout the simulation, in fact, the prebiotic potential decreased throughout the different stages.

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