scholarly journals Pathway Analysis of Behavioral Determinants in Preventing Genital Infections of Santri Putri Pondok Pesantren : Application of The Integrated Behavior Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Ika Agustina ◽  
Kanthi Devi Ayuningtyas ◽  
Ita Noviasari
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Genital Infection ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Behavioral Determinants

Female students who live in Islamic boarding schools are a population at risk for genital infections. The practice of personal/vaginal hygiene or menstrual hygiene is a form of maintaining reproductive health by preventing genital infections. Some bad behavior related to vaginal hygiene is a trigger factor for female genital infections. This study aimed to examine the factors behind the behavior of preventing genital infection in female students in the Islamic boarding school environment. This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study was all female students. Determination of the sample in this study was carried out randomly with the number of subjects determined based on the rule-of-thumb sample size for path analysis, namely a minimum of 100 subjects, a minimum of 5 subjects per parameter, and a minimum of 10 subjects per variable. So that a sample of 150 female students was determined. The independent variable in this study was the behavior of preventing genital infection, while the dependent variables was: (1) behavioral intentions, (2) correct knowledge about behavior, (3) perception of the meaning of behavior, (4) environmental barriers, (5) experiential attitudes, (6) instrumental attitudes, (7) injunctive norms, (8) descriptive norms, (9) perceived behavioral control, (10) self-efficacy. This study indicated that infection prevention behavior can be determined by the behavior of female students prevention of genital infection is not influenced by the behavior of environmental barriers. Good knowledge and skills did not affect female students in taking measures to prevent genital infections; therefore, it was necessary to develop a more heterogeneous number of respondents and a questionnaire that can be understood by respondents so that an integrated behavioral model can become a reference to change behavior, and use methods that can improve their behavior.

scholarly journals Behavioral barriers of tuberculosis notification in private health sector: policy implication and practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318
Author(s):  
Ayat Ahmadi ◽  
Leila Doshmangir ◽  
Vladimir Sergeevich Gordeev ◽  
Bahareh Yazdizadeh ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavioral Determinants

PurposeUnderreporting of new tuberculosis (TB) cases is one of the main problems in TB control, particularly in countries with high incidence and dominating role of a private sector in TB cases diagnosing. The purpose of this paper was to explore behavioral determinants of underreporting of new TB cases among private sector physicians in Iran.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study of physicians working in private clinics. The data collection tool was designed using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The authors used structural equation models with maximum likelihood estimation to examine attitude toward the notification behavior.FindingsOf 519 physicians, 433 physicians completed the questionnaire. Attitude toward notification had the highest score (mean score = 87.65; sd = 6.79; range: 0–100). The effect of perceived behavioral controls on the notification behavior ((β^) = 0.13; CI: 0.01–0.25) was stronger than the total effect of attitude ((β^) = 0.06; CI: 0.00–0.12) and subjective norms ((β^) = 0.01; CI: −0.00–0.03) on the behavior. However, the attitude was the main predictor of intention and justified 46% of the intention variance. Intention had a significant effect on the behavior ((ß^) = 0.09; CI: 0.1–0.16).Practical implicationsConsidering stronger effect of perceived behavioral control on the behavior, interventions aiming at facilitating notification process would be more effective than those aiming at changing the attitude or enhancing intention among physicians.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, no other study previously explored determinants of underreporting from the behavioral and cognitive perspective. Specifically, the authors explored the role of the TPB constructs in predicting intention to notify new TB cases.

scholarly journals DETERMINAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINDAKAN KEBERSIHAN DIRI SANTRIWATI DI PONDOK PESANTREN X JOMBANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Putaka Mastar Purnamasari ◽  
Hario Megatsari
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Action of personal hygiene is one of the efforts that can be done to maintain health in Islamic boarding school environment. In the implementation there are many female students who ignore it by exchanged personal items. This research purposed to determine association knowledge and attitude as predisposing factors, towards action of personal hygiene female students which supported by infrastructure and facilities of boarding school as enabling factor, and hygiene regulation as reinforcing factor in X Jombang Islamic boarding school. This research was an analytical study with cross sectional design. The population was 90 female students then obtained 48 female students as sampling by used simple random sampling. Independent variables studied included knowledge and attitudes about personal hygiene. While the dependent variable studied the action of personal hygiene female students. Instruments used a questionnaire. Data analysis techniques performed by using the chi square test to see whether or not an association between knowledge and attitude with action of personal hygiene. Variables studied and have a relationship with action of personal hygiene female students if fulfi ll the requirement p <0.05. From the statistic test show that knowledge has any association with action of personal hygiene female students with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) and coffi cient contingensy at 0.593. So the conclusions of this research is, there was any association between knowledge of personal hygiene with action of personal hygiene female students in X Jombang Islamic boarding school. Infrastructure and facilities was adequate and there was a regulation about hygiene in this boarding school.Keyword: predisposing, enabling, reinforcing, action of personal hygiene

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Inequalities in Health-Related Quality of Life Among Iranian Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Maleki ◽  
Elham Faghihzadeh ◽  
Samaneh Youseflu ◽  
Shahram Arsang-Jang ◽  
Shahnaz Zamani barjasteh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background: One of the main concerns of public health is increasing inequality of health status, that has adverse effect on people's life. The aim of the current study is to analyze the role of socio-economic factors as a predictor of health-related quality of life (QoL) among Iranian adolescence. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 576 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years, in Zanjan province from December 2020 to February 2021. The samples were selected using the Multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected by a demographic checklist, and KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS ver.16. The Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) Version 4.0 (beta) was used to assess adolescents' QoL inequalities in terms of socio-economic subgroups. Result: The results show that, 27.2 adolescents had low quality of life. The score of physical and autonomy components of QoL were significantly more in male versus school environment in female students. Also, the asset, father's, and mother's education, and family income in female students, and the asset and family income in male students were significantly related with the quality-of-life (p<0.05). The risk of lower QOL in the poorest quintile was 1.32 times more than in the richest quintile. The consideration index of Asset in terms of sex was 4.5 and the modified Gini index was more than 0.5 in females and males. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the significant effects of socio-economic inequality on HRQL of Iranian adolescence. Requires a targeted policy approach to reach the poorest quintile for improving the quality of life of adolescents.

scholarly journals KEJADIAN CEDERA PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR: STUDI DESKRIPTIF

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Usman Usman ◽  
Almumtahanah Almumtahanah ◽  
Uji Kawuryan ◽  
Wuriani Wuriani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Injury

AbstrakSetiap tahunnya angka kejadian cedera pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar selalu mengalami peningkatan secara dramatis. Kejadian cedera tersebut disebabkan oleh factor internal maupun factor eksternal salah satunya adalah di lingkungan Sekolah. Lingkungan Sekolah yang kurang baik, maka Anak akan mengalami resiko tinggi cedera. Dampak cedera yang paling parah yang akan ditimbulkan adalah kecacatan pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran resiko kejadian cedera pada Anak usia Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan kuota sampling yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2020 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 250 siswa yang terbagi atas 125 siswa di SDN 11 Terentang Kubu Raya dan 125 siswa di SDIT Almumtas Pontianak. instrument penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis menggunakan deskriptif frekuensi dengan SPSS versi 15. Hasil penelitian pada tingkatan cedera, siswa laki-laki mengalami cedera berat sebanyak 16.8% dan anak perempuan sebanyak 4.4%. Jenis cedera yang paling banyak dialami adalah luka gores sebanyak 26.7% pada siswa laki-laki dan 42.3% pada siswa perempuan. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah masih ada siswa Sekolah Dasar yang mengalami cedera berat, baik siswa laki-laki maupun siswa perempuan.Kata Kunci: Cedera Fisik, Anak Usia Sekolah, Sekolah Dasar AbstractEvery year the incidence of injuries in elementary school, children has always increased dramatically. The injury caused by internal and external factors, one of which is in the School environment. The school is bad  environment, then the child will experience a high risk of injury. The most severe impact of injury that will be caused is a disability in children. This study aims to determine the picture of the risk of injury in elementary school to children. The research method used is descriptive cross sectional approach. Sampling Technique  used a quota sampling conducted in January 2020 with a total sample of 250 students divided into 125 students at SDN Terentang Kubu Raya and 125 students at SDIT Almumtas Pontianak. This research instrument used a questionnaire. Analysis used descriptive frequency with SPSS version 15. The results of the study at the level of injury, male students suffered severe injuries as much as 16.8% and girls as much as 4.4%. The most common type of injury was scratches as much as 26.7% in male students and 42.3% in female students. The conclusion of this study is there are still elementary school students who have suffered serious injuries, both male and female students. Keywords: Physical Injury, Child School, Elementary School

scholarly journals Mass Psychogenic Illness: Demography and Symptom Profile of an Episode

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binoy Krishna Tarafder ◽  
Mohammad Ashik Imran Khan ◽  
Md. Tanvir Islam ◽  
Sheikh Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Md. Humayun Kabir Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Psychogenic Illness ◽  
Body Ache

Background. Mass psychogenic illness has been a recurrent phenomenon in Bangladesh over recent times.Objectives. This study was aimed at investigating the demographic characteristics and symptom profile of an outbreak of mass psychogenic illness occurring in a girls’ high school.Methods and Materials. In 14 April 2013, a total of 93 students of a girls’ high school suddenly developed various symptoms following intake of tiffin cake which resulted in panic and hospital admission. A descriptive, cross-sectional observational survey was done to define various characteristics of the outbreak.Results. No organic explanation for the reported illnesses was found. 93 female students were included who were hospitalized during the incident. Trigger factor was found in 98% of students. Most of the students were 13 years old. Average interval between exposure to the trigger and onset of symptoms was 151.5 minutes. Commonest symptoms were abdominal pain (83%), headache (73%), chest pain (69%), body ache (63%), nausea (69%), and generalized weakness and fatigue (61%). Hospital stay following the incident was about 12 hours on average.Conclusion. To avoid unnecessary panic in the community a prompt, coordinated response is important in resolving widespread community anxiety surrounding these episodes.

scholarly journals Effect of hormonal and copper IUDs on genital microbial colonisation and clinical outcomes in North-Western Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2143
Author(s):  
Abdulhadi D. Saidu ◽  
Karima A. Tunau ◽  
Abubakar A. Panti ◽  
Emmanuel I. Nwobodo ◽  
Yahaya Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Genital Infection ◽  
Genital Tract Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Copper Iud

Background: Intrauterine devices are one of the popular long term reversible contraceptive methods. Earlier forms were associated with genital infections, however more recent types such copper IUDs and hormonal types have been shown to have better safety profile. However, there is no conclusive evidence to demonstrate that hormonal IUD is less associated with genital infection when compared with copper IUDs. The objectives include determination of prevalence of genital tract infections among IUD users, to determine the type of IUD that is less associated with genital infection, and also determine clinical features seen among IUD users.Methods: We conducted a descriptive, cross sectional study of clients who were at 6 months following IUD insertion. Endocervical and high vaginal samples were taken to isolate microbes.Results: The prevalence of genital tract infection was 20% in Copper IUD users and 8.6% among LNG-IUS users. Genital infection was significantly higher among copper IUD users compared to hormonal IUD users (p=0.038, OR= 2.88). Abnormal vaginal discharge was the commonest symptoms among IUD users and formal education was associated with less risk of genital infections (p=0.048).Conclusions: Hormonal IUDs are less associated with genital tract infection compared to copper IUDs and women with formal education are less likely to have genital infection among IUD users.

Knowledge and Use of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Bachelor's Level Female Students of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Bhu Dev Jha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

 Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) is used for preventing pregnancy after having unprotected sexual intercourse, contraceptive failure or forced sex. The use of ECP within 120 hours of sexual intercourse could prevent unwanted pregnancy and its adverse effects particularly unintended childbirth and unsafe abortion. The study, therefore, aimed to assess knowledge and use of emergency contraceptives among Bachelors level female students from Kathmandu Valley. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from August to November 2017 among 347 female students who were studying at the Bachelors's level. A random sampling technique was used to select study participants and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and use of ECP after securing informed consent. Epi data and SPSS version 22 were used for data processing and analysis. The mean age of the female students was 21.5 years. Overall, 91.4% of the respondents had ever heard about emergency contraceptives. The main sources of information were radio or television, the internet and newspapers. About 4.6% of the undergraduate female students used ECP. Age, marital status, use of contraceptives and knowledge of ECP used within 72 hours were significantly associated with use of ECP. Although the findings of this study showed a high prevalence of knowledge among respondents, the improvement of female students’ knowledge on specific details of ECP and its advantages/disadvantages and timely utilization needs to be considered for any future awareness programmes.  

scholarly journals Investigating the Effective Factors on Family Physicians’ prescriptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ghanbarzadegan ◽  
Z Kavosi ◽  
S Karimi ◽  
M Peyravi ◽  
A Ghorbanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The physicians are responsible for prescribing medicine rationally. Physician's awareness of prescribing guidelines can lead to the selection of the most effective, appropriate and effective measures to the improved prescription. This study aim is to determine the factors influencing drug prescribing behaviour in family physicians. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 on a case study including 150 family physicians from Shiraz City who were selected by systematic random sampling method. A questionnaire related to the behaviour of prescribing physicians was used based on the theory of planned behaviour to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts' opinion and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) by SPSS and Smart PLS software. Results It was specified that 39.3% of Shiraz family physicians have prescribed medicines for their most patients (61-70%) during the last month. Furthermore, 60% of physicians have prescribed for about 20% of their patients without any examination. In addition, 63% of doctors have repeated prescription for about 20% of patients with chronic disease. Based on the obtained results of the Research Structural Equation Model, none of the four considered variables explains changes in physicians' behaviour regarding prescribing. Although, “mental and perceived behavioural control” explain 30.2% of the changes in the intention of prescribing medication of family physicians in Shiraz. Conclusions The family physicians' behaviour in prescribing medicine shows the impact of factors such as the patient's request, as well as the role of the patients and colleagues pressure for prescribing medicine as a quality criterion for their practice. norms of mental and perceived behavioural control are effective in explaining the purpose of prescribing. Key messages Policymakers should implement policies to develop physicians’ behavior and logical prescription by education, financial incentives; consequently. Mental and perceived behavioral control are effective in explaining the purpose of prescribing.

scholarly journals Emergency Contraceptives: Knowledge and Practice towards Its Use among Ethiopian Female College Graduating Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirubel Minsamo Mishore ◽  
Abebaw Demissie Woldemariam ◽  
Solomon Assefa Huluka
Keyword(s):  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Female College ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Graduating Students ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Introduction. Ethiopia has a high incidence of unwanted pregnancies and incomplete and unsafe abortions, particularly among adolescents. This can be avoided by using different contraceptive methods including emergency contraceptives (EC). This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of EC among female college graduating students in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 214 female students selected from two randomly selected colleges. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 20.1. Level of significance was taken at P <0.05. Results. The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 21.06 (±2.14) years. Of the 200 (93.5%) study participants who had ever heard of ECs, 140 (70.0%) had good knowledge. Among the 214 graduating female students, 66 (33.0%) had ever used EC. Being above the age of 20 years old, father’s and mother’s literacy were found to be determinants of knowledge of EC. Moreover, knowledge was the only determinant factor of practice of EC. Conclusion. Most of the respondents had relatively good knowledge of EC. The study revealed that female students of older age and higher educational status of parents had higher knowledge and practice of EC.

Health Literacy and Its Mediating Role in Predicting Health Behaviors Among Chinese Secondary Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 101053952098092
Author(s):  
Shuaijun Guo ◽  
Lucio Naccarella ◽  
Xiaoming Yu ◽  
Rebecca Armstrong ◽  
Geoffrey Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Chinese School

While health literacy research in mainland China has gained increasing attention, most studies focus on adults. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of health literacy in the relationship between a range of upstream factors and health behaviors among Chinese secondary students. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 650 students in Years 7 to 9 from 4 secondary schools in Beijing. Based on an adapted health literacy framework from Manganello, a self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect information on upstream factors, health literacy, and health behaviors. Path analysis results showed that the proposed framework was mostly supported by empirical data after modification indices were examined and 3 direct paths were added. Students’ self-efficacy, social support, and school environment were associated with health literacy, which in turn predicted health behaviors. A holistic approach is needed to improve both adolescent health literacy and health behaviors for Chinese school-aged adolescents.

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