scholarly journals MANGROVE ASSOCIATE BASED SHRIMP FEED: AN INNOVATION IN THE AQUACULTURE SECTOR

Author(s):  
M. N. Sarker

The traditional method of shrimp culture is a common practice in Indian Sundarbans which is done without any sound scientific back-up, proper feed, and water quality management. The shrimp farmers use a traditional feed of animal origin that often results in deterioration of water quality and disease outbreaks in cultured species. The present paper highlights the effect of the total replacement of animal ingredients in shrimp feed with floral ingredients on water quality and shrimp health. Weight gain, condition index, feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival, body pigmentation (astaxanthin level) were analyzed in shrimps along with pond water quality. Higher condition index (C.I.) values, survival rate, and gain in shrimp weight were observed in the experimental pond (E) compared to the control pond (C). Low FCR values were observed in the experimental pond than in the control pond. Astaxanthin values in shrimps of the experimental pond were also higher than the control pond which points towards Suaeda maritima as the source of carotenoid in the shrimp tissue.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Heri Ariadi ◽  
Abdul Wafi ◽  
Supriatna

FCR or feed conversion ratio is one of the strategic indicators on pond production which is very important for determining the costs incurred during the shrimp culture period. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between water physico-chemical parameters and the conversion rate of shrimp feed in intensive shrimp ponds (Litopenaeus vannamei). The research method used in this study is the ex-pose facto design during shrimp culture cycle with uniformity of treatment during the cultivation process, then the research collective data obtained periodically is analyzed by multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that all pond water quality variables based on quality standards are still in accordance with the standards intended for aquaculture. While based on regression analysis and t-test, the temperature variable is the only parameter that has a direct influence on the FCR efficiency by shrimp. As well as temperature, salinity, and alkalinity variables are parameters that have a close level of relationship to the FCR value in the ponds of 84.1%, 79.1%, and 69.9%. The conclusion of this study is that in intensive ponds the parameters of temperature, salinity, and alkalinity are water quality parameters that have a close relationship with the efficiency of FCR values ​​in ponds, with temperature parameters being the water quality variable which has a direct influence on the effectiveness of the feed conversion ratio by shrimp.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Thien Ngon Dang

Limited water exchange shrimp culture technology is commonly used today in many shrimp farms in Vietnam to reduce water usage, input of diseases and discharge of nutrient-rich effluents into environment as well as to increase the production per unit area. However, a remaining problem in this technology is that the water quality in shrimp ponds will be reduced due to limitation of water exchange for a long period. The accumulation of inorganic components such as waste feed, bacterial deposits or other biological debris at the pond bottom will lead to low dissolved oxygen, high ammonia-nitrogen level, high fecal coliform bacteria and high turbidity which cause a severe degradation of water quality and detriment to shrimp growth and survival. To solve this remaining problem, an autonomous water-cleaning machine for shrimp ponds was designed to control the waste accumulation in the pond. This is an effective solution to replace manual cleaning methods for water quality management in shrimp farming in the coastal area of the Mekong delta of Vietnam. Especially, this technique can be used for biosecure shrimp production systems according to GMP standards to meet the objectives for sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in Vietnam. Kỹ thuật nuôi tôm không thay nước đang được sử dụng rộng rãi ở các trại nuôi tôm Việt Nam vì giúp giảm lượng nước sử dụng, hạn chế thải nước vào môi trường và giúp tăng diện tích nuôi trồng tôm. Tuy nhiên, bản thân kỹ thuật này cũng tạo nên một sản phẩm chất thải là phân tôm, thức ăn và chế phẩm sinh học xử lý nước dư thừa. Chất thải này dần dần tích tụ dưới đáy ao tạo thành lớp bùn độc, rất thiếu ôxy và chứa nhiều chất gây hại như ammonia, nitrite, hydrogen sul-fide. Để tránh làm giảm diện tích ao nuôi do chất thải tích tụ làm tôm lảng tránh và tăng mật độ tôm nuôi trồng, thiết bị tự hành thu gom chất thải làm sạch nước trong vuông nuôi tôm đã được nghiên cứu, thiết kế và chế tạo thành công. Thiết bị đã thay thế các hoạt động làm sạch chất thải thủ công của con người, không sử dụng các nguồn năng lượng gây ô nhiễm, giảm nhu cầu về điện góp phần phát triển sản xuất tôm sạch đạt chuẩn GMP và phát triển bền vững ở các tỉnh ven biển miền Tây Việt Nam.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-293
Author(s):  
Soumen Das ◽  
Mst Nahid Akter ◽  
Mst Masuma Khatun

In order to know the existing situation of different chemicals and aqua-drugs used for fish health management an investigation was conducted following a time frame of May, 2019 to October, 2019 at Rangpur district of Bangladesh. Data were collected from the randomly selected fish farmers, company representatives and chemical sellers through questionnaire interview, personal contact and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Farmers were facing several water quality problems associated with different fish diseases. To overcome those obstacles they use variety of chemicals inclulding lime, salt, potassium permanganate, urea, TSP, phitkiri and copper sulphate. Farmers used different chemicals for various purposes like Aquapure, Biopond, Zeofresh, JV-zeolite, Zeorich, Megazeo plus, Geo-ren etc. for pond preparation and water quality management; Sumithion, Engreb, I-mec, Sanmarine etc. for eradication of unwanted species; Oxymax, Oxymore, Oxylife, Aci-ox, Oxyrich, Oxy-aqua, Oxyren etc. to increase oxygen concentration and Gasonil, Gastrap, Bioaqua-50, Gasonex, Metrix, Pondkleen etc. for reducing harmful gases in pond water. Used disinfectants like Timsen, Virex, Polgard+, , Micronil etc.; antibiotics include Renamycin, Eskamycin, Bactitab, Cotrim vet bolus, Chemycin, Aquamycin etc.; Aqua photo, Safegut, Biomax, Profs, Pond care etc. were the used probiotics where various growth promoters include Panvit aqua, Nutrigel, Aquazyme, Spa gelly, Charger gel etc. Some problems were reported regarding the use of chemicals such as their indiscriminate use, method of application, time of application and inappropriate doses. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2020, 6(2): 283-293


2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
PALLAVI BALIGA ◽  
PUNEETH THADOORU GOOLAPPA ◽  
MALATHI SHEKAR ◽  
S.K. GIRISHA ◽  
RAMESH K.S. ◽  
...  

The biofloc system is an ecologically sustainable shrimp culture system. The conglomerates of beneficial bacteria, algae and protozoa in pond water serve as a water quality management system and as a feed additive to the shrimps. This study aimed to characterise the microbial communities associated with the biofloc pond water and the surface of Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931, reared in it using the Illumina Miseq sequencing technology. The multiple alpha diversity measures indicated the shrimp surface samples to be richer in diversity than the pond water samples. Analysis of the bacterial community revealed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes and Cyanobacteria formed the principal phyla. There was a shift in the relative abundance of bacterial communities at each time point. The operational taxonomic units (OTU) analyses revealed that 18.38 % OTUs were shared by the pond water samples, the shrimp surface samples shared 29.35 % at the three different time points. PICRUST analysis revealed that the bacterial communities in the biofloc rearing water, and shrimp surface, were likely involved in intensive microbial metabolism and core housekeeping functions. The information generated will help understand the bacterial community composition associated with optimal water quality and shrimp health in a biofloc culture system.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayat Suryanto Suwoyo ◽  
Sri Redjeki Hesti Mulyaningrum ◽  
Rachman Syah

The study aimed to evaluate the combination between commercial feed and fermented tofu waste feeding for growth, survival rate and production of red Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in pond. The study was conducted in Experimental Pond Installation of Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros, South Sulawesi, using eight ponds with 2,500 m2 in size. Red Tilapia fingerlings (±8 cm in length) were reared for 112 days with 1 individu/m2 of stocking density. The feeding treatments were of 100% commercial feed (A), 75% commercial feed + 25% fermented tofu waste (B), 50% commercial feed + 50% fermented tofu waste (C), and 25% commercial feed + 75% fermented tofu waste (D). Feeding frequency was given twice a day using concentration 10% of biomass weight in the first month, and decreased by 3% of biomass weight in the fourth month. Experimental was designed by a completely randomized designed consisted of four treatments and two replications for each treatment. Observed variables were growth, survival rate, feed conversion ratio, production, and water quality. Present study indicated that different levels of combination of commercial feed and fermented tofu waste had significant effect on growth (P<0.05), but did not have significant effect on survival rate, production, and feed conversion ratio (P>0.05). Feeding by combination of 75% commercial feed + 25% fermented tofu waste could be utilized optimally by Tilapia. During experiment, pond water quality was in conducive condition to support the growth and survival rate of red Tilapia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 048-057
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said ◽  
Satmoko Yudo

ABSTRACT Coal mining can have positive and negative impacts on the environment. The positive effects include providing new employment opportunities and increasing regional income as well as foreign exchange. In comparison, negative consequences could be the changes in the environment's quality and sustainability, caused by the formation of ex-mining pits and acid mine drainage, which reduce the quality of surrounding soil and water. This study aimed to determine the water quality of the ex-mining ponds at the Antasena Pit, Satui Mine, Kintap District, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan. This research measured the ponds' water quality directly on site. Meanwhile, the water samples were taken and analyzed in the laboratory. The laboratory analyzes showed that, in general, the physicochemical and biological parameters were under Class 1 Water Quality Standards of the Government Regulation Number 82 the Year 2001 on Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control. Keywords : coal mining, ex-mining ponds, pond water quality   ABSTRAK Penambangan batubara dapat memberikan dampak positif dan negatif terhadap lingkungan. Dampak positif tersebut antara lain membuka lapangan kerja baru dan meningkatkan pendapatan daerah serta devisa negara. Sedangkan dampak negatifnya adalah terjadinya perubahan kualitas dan kelestarian lingkungan akibat terbentuknya lubang bekas tambang dan timbulnya air asam tambang yang menurunkan kualitas tanah dan air di sekitarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air kolam bekas penambangan di Pit Antasena, Tambang Satui, Kecamatan Kintap, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan. Kualitas air kolam diukur langsung di lokasi dan sampel air diambil dan dianalisis di laboratorium. Analisis laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa secara umum parameter fisika-kimiawi dan biologi telah sesuai dengan Standar Kualitas Air Kelas 1 sesuai Peraturan Pemerintah RI Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air. Kata kunci : tambang batu bara, kolam bekas tambang, kualitas air kolam.


2021 ◽  
Vol 890 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
G M Samadan ◽  
Yuliana ◽  
R Masril ◽  
A Syazili ◽  
Supyan

Abstract Water quality management for aquaculture is very important because water is a living medium for aquaculture organisms. One of the technological products that use microbes to create a better environment by breaking down organic matter is probiotics. This study aims to determine the effects of different probiotic administration times on water quality in white leg shrimp culture at a laboratory scale. Juveniles of white leg shrimp with PL27 size were reared for 45 days and given four treatments with probiotics at different times. The result showed that the administration of probiotics with a short period interval had a significant effect on floc volume, absolute growth, survival rate, concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite. Provision of probiotics with a short time span tended to reduce the concentration of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite. The difference in time of giving probiotics to bio-floc media increased the growth of white leg shrimp, improved water quality, and reduced the concentration of ammonia (NH3), nitrate (NO3), and nitrite (NO2).


DEPIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Supono Supono

Abstract. Biofloc technology in shrimp farming is a new technology that has advantages over other technologies. Biofloc technology can maintain water quality, especially ammonia and pH, suppress Vibrio growth, enhance immunity, and as natural food for shrimp. The application of this technology in shrimp farming still faces several obstacles, so not all farmers apply it. This study aims to evaluate the application of biofloc systems in white shrimp farming and formulate appropriate strategies to increase farmer productivity. The study was conducted using the survey and interview method for the perpetrators of white shrimp cultivation in Lampung Province. Collected data were strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the application of biofloc technology in the cultivation of white shrimp. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively, while the formulation of strategies was conducted using SWOT analysis. The results showed that shrimp culture technology with biofloc technology has good prospects for increasing shrimp production. However, biofloc technology also has weaknesses that can lead to the failure of shrimp farming. The application of white shrimp biofloc technology was in quadrant I (aggressive) where this system has a good internal strength to capture existing external opportunities (SO strategy). Internal strengths include a high survival rate, relatively faster growth, environmentally friendly, able to minimize disease agents that enter the culture system, and lower feed conversion, while the opportunities they have include: shrimp prices are relatively high, there is a revitalization program unproductive ponds by the government, the issue of eco-labeling, and the growing demand for shrimp exports.Keywords: SWOT analysis, water quality, strategy, shrimp production, aggressive  Abstrak. Teknologi biofloc dalam budidaya udang merupakan teknologi baru yang memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan teknologi lainnya.  Teknologi biofloc dapat menjaga kualitas air terutama amoniak dan pH, menekan pertumbuhan Vibrio, meningkatkan imunitas, serta sebagai pakan alami bagi udang.  Penerapan teknologi ini dalam budidaya udang masih mengalami beberapa kendala, sehingga tidak semua petambak menerapkannya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan sistem biofloc  dalam budidaya udang putih dan merumuskan strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan produktivitas petambak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode surve dan wawancara terhadap pelaku budidaya udang  putih di Provinsi Lampung.  Data yang dikumpulkan berupa kekuatan (strength), kelemahan (weakness), peluang (opportunity) dan ancaman (threat) penerapan teknologi biofloc dalam budidaya udang putih.  Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan perumusan strategi menggunakan   analsis SWOT.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi budidaya udang dengan teknologi biofloc mempunyai prospek yang baik untuk meningkatkan produksi udang.  Namun demikian,  teknologi biofloc juga memiliki kelemahan yang dapat menimbulkan kegagalan budidaya udang. Penerapan teknologi  biofloc udang putih berada pada kuadran I (agresif) dimana sistem ini mempunyai kekuatan internal yang baik untuk menangkap peluang eksternal yang ada (strategi SO).  Kekuatan internal yang dimiliki antara lain: tingkat kelulushidupan tinggi, pertumbuhan relatif lebih cepat, ramah lingkungan, mampu meminimalisir agen penyakit yang masuk dalam sistem budidaya, dan konversi pakan lebih rendah, sementara peluang yang dimiliki antara lain: harga udang relatif tinggi, adanya program revitalisasi tambak yang tidak produktif oleh pemerintah, adanya isu eco labeling, serta permintaan ekspor udang yang terus meningkat.Kata kunci: Analisis SWOT, kualitas air, strategi, produksi udang, agresif


2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Swathi ◽  
M. S. Shekhar ◽  
K. Karthic ◽  
K. Vinaya Kumar ◽  
M. Muralidhar ◽  
...  

Shrimp production in India has gradually increased since 2009 with the introduction of Penaeus vannamei. Most coastal states in India have been important contributors to P. vannamei production. However, among the many challenges faced in sustainable shrimp farming, prevention of viral diseases and pond water quality management remain major concerns. In this study, 27 shrimp ponds located in Kalpakkam and Elavur regions of Tamil Nadu were monitored to characterise the pond water parameters including pH, salinity, temperature, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO) and Vibrio spp. load. Sudden outbreaks of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) were observed in some ponds which were found to be associated with variations in abiotic parameters. Parameters such as pH, DO and nitrite were observed to be within the permissible range, while temperature, salinity, Vibrio spp. load and ammonia were relatively higher in certain ponds. The influence of these abiotic factors triggering WSSV outbreak were investigated in this study.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Mangampa ◽  
Hidayat Suryanto Suwoyo

Salah satu jenis udang yang cukup potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Budidaya ini berkembang dengan teknologi intensif, namun terbatas pada golongan masyarakat menengah ke atas (padat modal). Riset ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi pengaruh penggunaan tokolan terhadap produksi, Rasio Konversi Pakan (RKP) pada pembesaran udang vaname teknologi intensif. Riset ini dilaksanakan di tambak Punaga, Takalar, Instalasi Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BRPBAP), menggunakan empat petak masing masing berukuran 4.000 m2/petak. Hewan uji adalah udang vaname dengan perlakuan: (A) pembesaran dengan tebar benur (PL-12), dan (B) pembesaran dengan tebar tokolan (PL-27). Setiap perlakuan dengan 2 ulangan, kepadatan benur dan tokolan adalah 50 ekor/m2, dan pemeliharaan berlangsung 80 hari di tambak. Hasil yang diperoleh pada perlakuan B memperlihatkan pertumbuhan mutlak (11,114±0,258 g/ekor), sintasan (92,55±0,23%), produksi (2.087,5±88,2 kg/petak) lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan A yaitu: pertumbuhan mutlak (10,085±0,120 g/ekor), sintasan (90,83±8,51%), produksi (1.831,0±149,9 kg/petak), namun ketiga peubah ini berbeda tidak nyata antara kedua perlakuan. RKP lebih rendah pada perlakuan B (1,096±0,034) berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan A (1,257±0,048). Peubah kualitas air memperlihatkan sebaran kisaran yang merata untuk kedua perlakuan, kecuali nitrit (NO2) memperlihatkan kisaran yang tinggi pada perlakuan B (0,18235 mg/L) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan A (0,0328 mg/L) pada akhir penelitian. Hal ini disebabkan waktu panen yang berbeda sesuai dengan kondisi musim yaitu kualitas air sumber semakin menurun. Kualitas air sumber yang menurun ini diikuti oleh meningkatnya total vibrio di air laut mencapai; 4,33104 cfu/mL dibandingkan dalam air tambak 829.102 cfu/mL. Kesimpulan memperlihatkan bahwa penggunaan tokolan (PL-27) menghasilkan produksi yang tinggi dan rasio konversi pakan yang rendah.One species of shrimps that has the potential to be developed for aquaculture is whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The recent cultivation method has been developed using intensive technology, but can only be afforded by middle and upper social groups (capital intensive). This research was aimed to study the influence of using shrimp juvenile on the production and feed conversion ratio of whiteleg shrimp cultured in intensive system. The research was conducted at the research installation of the Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture in Punaga, Takalar Regency. Four  ponds each sized of 4,000 m2 were used in this research. The treatment was applied i.e grow-out of post-larvae 12 (PL-12) (A) and grow-out of shrimp juvenile (PL-27) (B) each with stocking density of 50 ind./m2. Each treatment was arranged in two replications and reared for 80 days. The results obtained in treatment B showed that absolute growth (11.114±0.258 g/ind.), survival (92,55±0,23%), and production (2,087.5±88.2 kg/pond) was higher than those of in treatment A (absolute growth, 10.085±0.120 g/ind., survival rate, 90.83±8.51%, production, 1,831.0±149.9 kg/pond), but all parameters were not significantly different between both treatments. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower in treatment B (1.096±0034) and significantly different with treatment A (1.257±0.048). Water quality parameters showed similar variations in both treatments, except Nitrite (NO2) where a high range of Nitrite variation was recorded in treatment B (0.18235 mg/L) compared to treatment A (0.0328 mg/L) at the end of research. This was due to different harvest times in accordance with the conditions of the season where at a particular time, the quality of water source was decreasing. The decrease of water quality was followed by the increase of total vibrio in seawater reaching 433104 CFU/mL than in the pond water 829.102 CFU/mL. The conclusion is that using the shrimp juvenile, PL-27, high shrimp production and low RKP can be achieved. 


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