A Study on the Influence of Civil Society on the Adoption of Conflict Ordinance in Regional Local Governments

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-79
Author(s):  
Hanbyul Yu ◽  
Tae Joon Lah
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Governments

scholarly journals Role of political parties in modern processes of state building in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Yuriy Kyrychenko ◽  
Hanna Davlyetova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Political Power ◽  
State Building ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The People ◽  
Problematic Situations

The article examines the role of political parties in modern state-building processes in Ukraine. The place of political parties in the political and legal system of society is determined. The general directions of overcoming problematic situations of activity of political parties in Ukraine are offered. It is noted that political parties play an important role in the organization and exercise of political power, act as a kind of mediator between civil society and public authorities, influence the formation of public opinion and the position of citizens directly involved in elections to public authorities and local governments. It is determined that in a modern democratic society, political parties carry out their activities in the following areas: the work of representatives of political parties in public authorities and local governments; participation in elections of state authorities and local self-government bodies; promoting the formation and expression of political will of citizens, which involves promoting the formation and development of their political legal consciousness. These areas of political parties determine their role and importance in a modern democratic society, which determines the practical need to improve their activities and improve the national legislation of Ukraine in the field of political parties. Political parties are one of the basic institutions of modern society, they actively influence the ac-tivities of public authorities, economic and social processes taking place in the state and so on. It is through political parties that the people participate in the management of public affairs. Expressing the interest of different social communities, they become a link between the state and civil society. The people have the opportunity to delegate their powers to political parties, which achieves the ability of the people to control political power in several ways, which at the same time through competition of state political institutions and political parties contributes to increasing their responsibility to the people. It is noted that the political science literature has more than 200 definitions of political parties. And approaches to the definition of this term significantly depend on the general context in which this issue was studied by the researcher. It was emphasized that today in Ukraine there are important issues related to the activities of political parties. First of all, it is a significant number of registered political parties that are incapable, ie their political activity is conducted formally or not at all. According to official data from the Department of State Registration and Notary of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, 352 political parties are registered, of which 48 political parties do not actually function. The reason for the liquidation of such parties is not to nominate their candidates for the election of the President of Ukraine and People's Deputies of Ukraine for 10 years. According to this indicator, Ukraine ranks first among other European countries. Thus, 73 political parties are officially registered in Latvia, 38 in Lithuania, 45 in Moldova, 124 in Romania, and 56 in Slovakia. However, despite the large number of officially registered political parties in Ukraine, public confidence in their activities is low. It is concluded that political parties occupy a special place in the political and legal system of society and play an important role in the organization and exercise of political power, as well as a kind of mediator between civil society and public authorities. The general directions of overcoming problematic situations of activity of political parties in Ukraine are offered, namely: introduction of effective and impartial control over activity of political parties; creating conditions for reducing the number of political parties, encouraging their unification; establishment of effective and efficient sanctions for violation of the requirements of the current legislation of Ukraine by political parties.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Xuefei Ren
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
China And India ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Alliance Building

This chapter focuses on urban governance in China that exhibits a territorial logic centered on territorial institutions and authorities, such as local governments and officials. It also talks about urban governance in India that features an associational logic and contingent on alliance building among the state, the private sector, and civil society groups. With historical comparative analyses and ethnographic fieldwork, the chapter explains how the territorial and associational approaches to governing cities in China and India are contested and how both approaches have produced new forms of inequality and exclusion. It analyzes the Chinese city by juxtaposing urban development in China with India. It confirms why India is the only other continent-sized country experiencing a similar scale of urbanization to China.

scholarly journals Seducing for Truth and Justice: Civil Society Initiatives for the 1965 Mass Violence in Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Lestari Wahyuningroem
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
The World

The article examines both civil society initiatives that seek to address the mass violence of 1965 and 1966 and the state's responses to them. Unlike other political-transition contexts in the world, a transitional justice approach is apparently a formula that state authorities have found difficult to implement nationally for this particular case. The central government has, through its institutions, sporadically responded to some of the calls from civil society groups and has even initiated policy reforms to support such initiatives. Nevertheless, these responses were not sustained and any suggested programmes have always failed to be completed or implemented. Simultaneously, however, NGOs and victims are also voicing their demands at the local level. Many of their initiatives involve not only communities but also local authorities, including in some cases the local governments. In some aspects, these “bottom-up” approaches are more successful than attempts to create change at the national level. Such approaches challenge what Kieran McEvoy refers to as an innate “seductive” quality of transitional justice, but at the same time these approaches do, in fact, aim to “seduce” the state to adopt measures for truth and justice.

Unrest begins to boil over as China's economy falters

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Economic Slowdown ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Double Digit ◽  
China’S Economy

Significance Leaders describe this as a 'new normal', backtracking on their warnings during the era of double-digit growth that failure to keep growth above 8.0% would lead to social instability. However, unrest among the 770 million strong workforce is rising rapidly, much of it directly related to the economic slowdown. Businesses are closing and employers failing to pay wages and benefits. Local authorities are responding to this unrest with greater force. Impacts Tensions between workers and the authorities will remain high as local governments and police take a tougher stance with strikers. The current crackdown on civil society will reduce NGOs' ability to intercede in and successfully resolve labour conflicts. The impact of the economic slowdown will broaden to include workers in the mining and energy sectors. Low-paid public sector workers will stage strikes and protests as cash-strapped local governments cut employee pension and other benefits.

Administrative reforms and performance of local public policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 462-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Santos Curto ◽  
Álvaro Dias
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
State And Local

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between administrative reform in Portugal and the impacts on the dependence of local governments in the face of budgetary resources of state and local municipal revenue collection, which is understood as a form, among others, participation civil society in local public policies. Design/methodology/approach – The study opts for an exploratory analysis using the grounded theory approach, including the use of data relating to local government structures and partnerships with the private sector, based on the main lines of the public administration reform. The data were supplemented by documentary analysis, including legislative documents and papers in specialized area of administrative decentralization and civil society participation in local public policies. Findings – The paper provides empirical insights about how the increased participation of civil society in local public policies is associated with less reliance on state budgets and a greater number of local managerial structures. Research limitations/implications – Due to the chosen research approach, the results cannot be generalized. A comparative study between several countries could bring several interesting insights. Social implications – The paper includes implications for economic and social development of new public policies in the context of administrative reforms. Originality/value – This paper makes several theoretical and empirical contributions on this research field specially about local public manager's decisions for financial resources transfers within the active policy of sustainable local development.

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF MULTI TIER APPROACH TOWARDS CAPACITY BUILDING AND INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING THROUGH APPLICATION OF GEO SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY IN PURVIEW OF AMRUT SCHEME

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-5 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
S. Das ◽  
P. L. N. Raju ◽  
J. M. Nongkynrih
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Training Programmes

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Many initiatives around the world are emphasising to strengthen the capacities of civil society and local governments to build resilience towards the context of urban planning. The Indian cities are experiencing rapid growth with share of country’s urban population increasing from 27% in 2001 to 32% in 2011. Majority of this growth has taken place in an unplanned and haphazard manner, the ill-effects of which are manifested in the form of poor quality of urban life. In order to ensure a planned development, the Govt. of India has launched the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) Mission which has a sub-scheme on ‘Formulation of GIS Based Master Plan for AMRUT cities’.</p><p>In order to Achieve these ambitions, and realising the potential for cities to contribute effectively to addressing the challenges of development, will require new skills and competencies towards technological advancements and their application within individual households, urban communities, formal civil society, and municipal governments. To this end, North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC), Umiam, Meghalaya in association with Town &amp;amp; Country Planning Organization, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Govt. of India, initiated the training programme on “Formulation of GIS Based Master Plans”. The training programmes inculcates on the use of GIS and Remote sensing techniques for the formulation of Master Plans through a Tier based Approach with a vision to entrench existing relationships and to achieve more transformative change that meets the needs of all urban residents.</p>

scholarly journals Participatory Budget as a Tool Supporting the Development of Civil Society in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-79
Author(s):  
Jarosław Kempa ◽  
Artur Roland Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Participatory Budget ◽  
The Town

AbstractAlthough three decades have passed since the fall of communism in Poland, the observed level of social activity in the country is relatively low. Participatory budget emerged as an idea to increase the involvement of citizens in decision-making processes concerning their immediate surroundings. In addition to their inclusion in the activity of local government, this form of citizen participation is expected to have a positive impact on residents’ involvement in activities for the benefit of the local community. The aim of this article is to indicate the conditions that influenced the implementation of the idea of the first participatory budget in Poland and emphasizing the importance of the civic budget in managing public administration through partial decentralization involving local communities in social dialogue for local investment initiatives, especially in large provincial cities in Poland. The following research question was adopted in the paper: has the introduction of a participatory budget in Poland increased social activity and has it been conducive to the development of civil society. In Poland, the initiative to create a civic budget met good political conditions in the relatively small city of Sopot, which had the resources to implement the project. After successful implementation, this initiative was relatively quickly adopted by other Polish local governments, which then on their own introduced social consultations called the civic budget. Not all poviats introduced the civic budget of their own volition. The government, seeing the possibility of political discounting of this new solution, decided to introduce a mandatory participatory budget in town counties and ordered the allocation of funds from their budgets, no less than 1 % of budget expenditure. The article relies on the case-study method, comparative analysis and trend analysis, qualitative and quantitative methods of description, document analysis and statistical data. The analysis focuses on the town of Sopot and provincial capitals. Local conditions are important for understanding the processes of shaping active civic attitudes in Poland, because cities are the poles of development of civil society and give impetus to innovative changes in the entire socio-economic system. The materials used in the article include reports, documents and legal acts regarding the functioning of the town of Sopot.The study showed that the participatory budget indeed activates the local community around various projects. At the same time, the question of directly translating this activity into an increase in the number of organizations, associations and foundations remains debatable. The introduction of the participatory budget to administrative management practice in local-government units in Poland should be considered in terms of the soft power impact of administration on the shaping and development of civil society, which is still in the development stage in Poland.

scholarly journals Model for Empowering Farmers at Dry Land through Quadruple Helix Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etty Soesilowati
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Quadruple Helix ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Central Java

<p>There are many potentials in the sector of <em>silvoagriculture, silvopastura </em>and <em>silvoagrofisher</em>y at Kandri and Cepoko district as “green belt” areas of Semarang. Unfortunately, these potentials do not give a significant impact on society yet. This is due to the lack of farmer’s institution system, limited human resource, and infrastructure. The Triple Helix approach involving academician, businessman, and government is found to be less optimal. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of the model used for empowering the farmers at dry land area through the Quadruple Helix approach as the development of Triple Helix one involving academician, businessman, civil society, and government. The locus of the research area is Kandri and Cepoko district at Gunungpati subdistrict in Semarang City of Central Java Province, Indonesia. This research employed qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative approach, the data are analyzed using an interactive model. While the quantitative approach, Human Development Index (HDI) analysis is employed. The results find that farmers' empowerment program is conducted through the Quadruple Helix approach by involving academicians, businessmen, local governments and civil society groups at the villages. Then, the HDI calculation results show that the index of human development in Kandri has decreased 0.09444. Before the program, it was amounted from 0.82367 to 0.72923. Whereas, the human development index of farmers in Cepoko before the program has increased from 0.83142 to 0.84085. Its increase reaches 0.09425. This indicates that the farmer group at Cepoko district is more resistant to national economic issues such as the weak exchange rate than the farmers in Kandri disctrict. Therefore, this study makes recommendation that farmers should organize integrated farming by establishing integrated economic region so that they can make use of existing resources efficiently and effectively.   </p>

scholarly journals Decentralization in self-government bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Kateryna Malyuk
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Reform ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Country Formation ◽  
Voluntary Basis

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of decentralization as a foundation for the formation of local governments in Ukraine. The importance of introducing the reform of decentralization of power on the path of development of Ukraine as a democratic, social, legal state is proved. The activity of local self-government in the conditions of decentralization is currently a priority among the reforms in Ukraine, as new trends in state building of our country, formation of civil society institutions, optimization of the system of local self-government determine new conditions for decentralization. Traditionally, a constant view of decentralization as a process in which independent units that form the bearers of local self-government are formed in a centralized state requires the development of new approaches to the analysis of its content and, accordingly, the search for new opportunities to achieve the goal. The role of decentralization in the formation of the institution of local self-government is crucial. After all, decentralization is a kind of management system, in which part of the functions of central government is transferred to local governments. Decentralization is one of the forms of democracy development, which at the same time preserves the unity of the state and its institutions while expanding the possibilities of local self-government. It aims to activate the population to meet their own needs, to narrow the sphere of state influence on society, to reduce expenditures on the maintenance of the state apparatus. This process promotes direct democracy, as it involves the transfer of control of a number of local affairs directly into the hands of stakeholders. Thus, we can say that decentralization helps to build the civil society we so strive for. As a result of local government reform and decentralization of power, the basis of the new system of local self-government should be united territorial communities, which are formed on a voluntary basis in accordance with the statutory procedure with their own self-government bodies, including executive bodies. The reform should help improve the lives of Ukrainian citizens, as well as build a legal, modern, efficient and, most importantly, competitive European state.

scholarly journals Communication Opportunities of Civil Society Institutions in Countering the Challenges of Post-Pandemic Postmodernity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1Sup1) ◽  
pp. 335-345
Author(s):  
Vasyl Marchuk ◽  
Liudmyla Pavlova ◽  
Hanna Ahafonova ◽  
Sergiy Vonsovych ◽  
Anna Simonian
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Main Thing

The modern world space, which is affected by the post-pandemic consequences, is noted by the globalization of society, the increasing role of citizenship in making important state and international decisions has become possible in the context of the information revolution and has its own characteristics of communication in information and communication networks. The importance and need for a thorough study of the chosen topic is that the widespread use of various forms and methods of civil communication, free access of citizens to information at all stages of decision-making and the functioning of central and local governments, the participation of civil society institutions in the work of expert, consultative, and advisory public councils on the expression and protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens, public control, direct electronic receipt of public services, etc. are important factors in the democratization of government in post-pandemic modern times. After all, we are talking about a deliberate orientation to new values - the person and the collective, their direct participation in the democratic organization of life of the state and society. The main thing in this context is that the rational consensus of civil society and the state is a factor in universal social discourse and a strategic resource for democratic development in the context of post-pandemic modernity. The aim of the article is to consider the epistemological and sociocultural aspects of the functioning of the communication capabilities of civil society institutions in the context of revealing the possibility and significance of their involvement in the processes of implementing state security policy.

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