scholarly journals Społeczne podstawy poznania i rozwoju – konstruktywizm społeczno-kulturowy Lwa S. Wygotskiego. Nowe odczytania, rekonstrukcje, tropy epistemologiczno-metodologiczne

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Ewa Filipiak
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Apparent Change ◽  
The World ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Pedagogical Research ◽  
Concept Theory ◽  
Original Concept

The original concept, theory-method of Lev S. Vygotsky, the innovative nature of his views allows to adopt new theoretical and methodological tools to describe the process of development and learning of a child, reconstruct what is happening in the classroom and in the students’ minds. For many years the interest in Vygotsky’s concept has been experiencing a renaissance all over the world, also in Poland. The cognitively sophisticated concept has original terminology. Unfortunately, in the discourses, frequent borrowings and loose usage of terms have been observed, as well as the reproduction of Vygotsky’s words without discovering the meaning or giving them a deeper meaning. As a consequence, this brings the risk of distortion of the idea and the apparent change of school culture, its opening to a new quality (socio-cultural constructivism). In this article I share my reflection on: research and Research and Development (R&D) activities based on the theory-method of L.S. Vygotsky, applying his ideas to pedagogical research, and educational implications for changing everyday teaching practice.

The chronicle of COVID-19: possible strategies to curb the pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Seetha Harilal ◽  
Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi ◽  
Githa Elizabeth Mathew ◽  
Simone Carradori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Day By Day

: COVID-19, an epidemic that emerged in Wuhan, has become a pandemic affecting worldwide and is in a rapidly evolving condition. Day by day, the confirmed cases and deaths are increasing many folds. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus; therefore, limited data are available to curb the disease. Epidemiological approaches, isolation, quarantine, social distancing, lockdown, and curfew are being employed to halt the spread of the disease. Individual and joint efforts all over the world are producing a wealth of data and information which are expected to produce therapeutic strategies against COVID-19. Current research focuses on the utilization of antiviral drugs, repurposing strategies, vaccine development as well as basic to advanced research about the organism and the infection. The review focuses on the life cycle, targets, and possible therapeutic strategies, which can lead to further research and development of COVID-19 therapy.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Pipeline Coordinators

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (S1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Baraldi ◽  
Olof Lindahl ◽  
Miloje Savic ◽  
David Findlay ◽  
Christine Årdal
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Priority List ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
The World ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) has published a global priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to guide research and development (R&D) of new antibiotics. Every pathogen on this list requires R&D activity, but some are more attractive for private sector investments, as evidenced by the current antibacterial pipeline. A “pipeline coordinator” is a governmental/non-profit organization that closely tracks the antibacterial pipeline and actively supports R&D across all priority pathogens employing new financing tools.

Equipment for thermal process

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
D.V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
New Products ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Thermal Equipment ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Vacuum Furnaces

The demand for efficient and qualitative thermal treatment makes certain requirements to the thermal equipment. The thermal equipment, that ideally corresponds to the assigned task of modern production facilities, is vacuum furnaces. The modern production requirements are the boundary conditions for the equipment manufacturers, focusing them on the need for all in one equipment capable of efficient wide production maneuvering, to ensure the possibility of developing and producing new products at minimal cost. As a result of practical research and development, focusing on the world experience and the real need for operation, the Sistem Teknik's article presents vacuum thermal equipment for multiple use – All in one. The equipment is controlled automatically, all parameters are regulated by the process master controller in compliance with the programmed cycle.

BRICS Countries Possible Areas for Scientific Cooperation

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
A Share

The article evaluates science sectors and effectiveness of scientific research in the countries forming the BRICS group, as well as the current state of scientific and technological cooperation among the group members. The science sectors of the countries under consideration differ markedly, while facing similar problems relating to government regulations and external environments. The differences exist in total expenditures on research and development (as a share of GNP), in the scope of governmental funding (large in Russia and India, but small in China), and in the distribution of allocations among various areas and types of R&D activities. China appears to have the most well-adjusted science sector among the BRICS members. It includes not only strong universities but also high-tech companies that invest actively into research and development. The overall impact (inferred from citation indexes) of fundamental and exploratory research performed in BRICS countries remains low. BRICS's scientists prefer to collaborate with their colleagues from the world-leading countries rather than with their fellows from BRICS. Yet, in contrast to the world trend, in all BRICS countries, except Russia, a share of internationally co-authored publications is now decreasing. BRICS members have more similar interests and priorities in technological development, including infrastructural and large technological projects, than in science. Currently, bilateral cooperation in technology prevails, while the projects involving all members of the group still remain at the stage of preliminary evaluation and discussion. Russia cooperates most closely with China and India, including joint projects in such high-priority directions as new materials, photonics, biomedical, space and information technologies. For Russia, cooperation in technological development appears to be of most interest because it can lead not only to introduction of new technologies but also help to create large Russian innovative companies. Development of successful multilateral cooperation in science and technology among the BRICS members is the key for this group, originally formed for geopolitical reasons, to evolve into an effective economic union.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN BRAZIL AND THE 30 MOST INNOVATIVE COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Moser ◽  
Mauri Aparecido de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
External Relations ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Workplace Organization ◽  
The World

Innovation can be defined as the implementation of a new or significantly improved product (good or service), or a process, a new marketing method, a new organizational  method in business practices, workplace organization, or external relations. This innovation can be measured by several factors such as investments in research and development, the concentration of high-tech companies traded on the stock exchange, among others. The present study aims to perform a cluster analysis to investigate the behavior of the most innovative countries when compared to Brazil. The study contemplates a historical series from the years 2012 to 2015 of the 30 most innovative countries in the world having been added to Brazil. In addition, a series of macroeconomic, political and social variables.

scholarly journals Designing an Education System for Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 05022
Author(s):  
Tatiana Matekina ◽  
Marina Soroka ◽  
Valentina Stolyarova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Advanced Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Model ◽  
Pedagogical Research ◽  
Technological Model

This article is aimed at theoretical comprehension of foreign and domestic experience in designing and implementing education for sustainable development and creating a technological model of advanced education in a technical university in the interests of sustainable development. Constructing a technological model that includes an integrated system of pedagogical technologies aimed at the formation of personal achievements and opportunities. Each student constructs and reconstructs their own capabilities based on reflection, which can act as a universal goal of using the models of anticipatory learning technologies, being also the result of anticipatory education. The analysis shows that the transition to sustainable development starts with forming a strategy implemented in education for sustainable development. The study considers the basics of the modern vision of sustainable development: the environmental component and education model. Moreover, the education model is considered from the perspective of the future as a forwardlooking education. The paper uses methods of analysis of philosophical, psychological, and pedagogical research and synthesis of theoretical ideas on the problem of conceptualization, design, and modeling, which allowed highlighting the main trends of scientific search in the world and domestic theory and practice of advanced education in terms of its sustainable development. The concept of sustainable development is considered from different positions of domestic and foreign researchers. Experience of education for sustainable development implementation both in Russia and other countries of the world shows that so far, sustainable development in education is represented in the environmental sense; therefore modeling of system concept of education for sustainable development and optimal ways of its implementation is actualized.

scholarly journals THE WORLD OF IMAGES IN SANTTU KARHU’S POETRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-257
Author(s):  
Natalia Valerievna Chikina
Keyword(s):  
Language Poetry ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Symbolic Images ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Folk Poetry ◽  
Original Concept

The paper analyzes the works of a well-known poet and rock musician S. Karhu, who writes in the Karelian language. The aim of the study is to highlight the author’s artistic system of images. The following tasks were set for the study: to formulate the poet’s original concept, to scrutinize and comment on the images in Karhu’s lyrics. The object is verses from the first and so far only volume. The subject of the study is the specific ethnic traits of Karhu’s poetry, as seen in the system of images. Literary-historical and comparative methods were used in the analysis. The scientific novelty is in the absence of similar studies on the poet’s works. Systemic analysis of the ethnic sources, the evolution and genre choices of the Karelian language literature associated with the changing artistic consciousness are coming to the foreground in this time of global change, when preserving the people’s cultural heritage is especially important. The poet’s personal background has brought him into the sphere of artistic creativity, enabled him to verbalize the world of ethnic life that had been opened up to him. The article points out some specific features of the world of images, language and culture of the Karelian people. Karelian literature shows a tendency to use folklore heritage. The transformation of folk poetic symbolic images is arguably the most characteristic trait of folklorism in contemporary Karelian-language poetry, where folk poetry symbols tend to be equaled with the image of the native land. Karhu’s philosophical verses increasingly pose and confidently resolve the questions of good and evil, happiness and pain, life and death. It is essential for him that the character retains the folklore origins, for he deems it to be the spiritual source of modernity.

scholarly journals Inspiring Engineering in the K12: Biomimicry As a Bridge Between Math and Biology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Sanne ◽  
Inge Risheim ◽  
Thomas J. Impelluso
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Laboratory Experience ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantitative Design ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Design Inspiration

Abstract The discipline of biomimicry encourages engineers to take design inspiration from the nearly four billion years of research and development since life first appeared on Earth — nature is the greatest engineering designer. Rather than leveraging biomimicry as a discipline unto itself (a worthy approach, regardless), this project explores biomimicry as a tool to inspire K12 students to appreciate math and engineering. We conducted this project in four lesson modules and one lab. In the first module, we presented various types of engineering. In the second, we introduced certain aspects of mathematics from a qualitative perspective. In the third, we discussed the fundamental mathematics that undergirds thermodynamics, although qualitatively and visually. In the fourth, we introduced the students to the world of biomimicry. Then we integrated the mathematics and biomimicry with a laboratory experience in quantitative design, borrowed from an NSF sponsored project. In summary, efforts in biomimicry reside at either the quantitative arena of multi-phase physics, or the qualitative arena of biological interpretations. However, we have used it as a bridge to science, math and engineering.

scholarly journals Assessment of the research component used to provide infrastructure facilities for enhancing innovative development in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Heorhii Khvichiia-Duve
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Building Research ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic

The study addresses the research component used to provide infrastructure facilities for enhancing innovative development in Ukraine. More specifically, the article considers the main infrastructure facilities, which accelerate innovative development. The paper also evaluates preconditions for building research capacity in the country and its funding by structuring expenditures on research and development by sources of funding. The issues of creating intellectual capital are put forward and examined. The article introduces a number of factors, which hinder providing investment support for the infrastructural development of the economy. Finally, the paper formulates a set of measure to be taken in order to integrate the innovative infrastructure of the national economy into the world economic system.

scholarly journals Towards the Institutionalization of Cosmopolitan Law-Making

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Sato
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
East Asian ◽  
International Norms ◽  
The World ◽  
East Asian Community ◽  
Cosmopolitan Law ◽  
Original Concept ◽  
Law Making

The emergence of de facto cosmopolitan law-making activities, as well as the institutionalization of cosmopolitan law-making, is gradually changing the transnational legal landscape. This article explains the original concept of cosmopolitan law as it was first put forward by Immanuel Kant and describes how the emergence of de facto cosmopolitan law-making activities has resulted in the adoption of various treaties and international norms. It identifies the two types of institutionalization of cosmopolitan law-making as a hybrid of international and cosmopolitan law-making, and a purer version of cosmopolitan law-making. The article then argues that in order for cosmopolitan law-making to be recognized as legitimate, cosmopolitans must limit themselves to advisory roles and remain accountable to stakeholders around the world. The article concludes by discussing the proposed “Draft Charter of the East Asian Community” as an epoch-making proposal for regional integration in East Asia.

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