scholarly journals The idea of freedom in education: thinking, education, values choice

Osvitolohiya ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
M. Halchenko
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Intellectual Freedom ◽  
Creative Thought ◽  
Rational Requirements ◽  
Conscious Choice ◽  
Rational Organization ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article examines the problem of freedom and autonomy of the individual in terms of education. In the context of freedom, the problem of the formation and development of a person, who will have to become the author of his or her life, is solved. Freedom manifests itself not only in the acts of choice, but in all activities, including thinking. Freedom of thinking involves the responsibility of individuals for what they think,since the thought becomes objective with the time. This process requires control, which is carried out at the expense of a critical reflection of thinking. In its turn, it generates intellectual freedom, which is an important part of the influence on the person's perceptions and convictions.Personal autonomy is understood as the ability to perform conscious choice The author analyzes the problem of norms, important for reflexive activity and identity formation. Freedom finds its most complete expression at the place and at the time when a person thinks and acts in harmony with rational necessity, which, first of all, focuses on positive values. This requires the release of creative thought, the activities of which do not deprive them of the conditional norms and regulations. An intelligent person is the one who knows how to think and act in different situations of social life and make choices. A person is free only to the extent that he adequately responds to rational requirements: the more he understands what he has to think and do, the greater his freedom. Learning autonomy involves the rational organization of the educational system. It pledges to provide individuals with resources to make free choices from the standpoint of a conscious necessity and to determine the prospects for further life, principles and ideas of social development.

YOU MUST NOT ADD ANYTHING TO WHAT I COMMAND YOU: PARADOXES OF CANON AND AUTHORSHIP IN ANCIENT ISRAEL

Numen ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Intellectual Freedom ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Dialogue ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Legal Innovation ◽  
The One

AbstractFor all the debate in the contemporary humanities about the canon, there is little interdisciplinary dialogue on the issue, nor even meaningful input from the perspective of academic biblical studies, the one discipline that specializes in the formation and interpretation of the canon. Seeking to provide such a perspective, this article shows how cultures having a tradition of prestigious or authoritative texts address the problem of literary and legal innovation. Engaging the work of Jonathan Z. Smith on exegetical ingenuity, the study begins with cuneiform law, and then shows how ancient Israel's development of the idea of divine revelation of law creates a cluster of constraints that would be expected to impede legal revision or amendment. As a test-case, the article examines the idea that God punishes sinners transgenerationally, vicariously extending the punishment due them to three or four generations of their progeny. A series of inner-biblical and post-biblical responses to the rule demonstrates, however, that later writers were able to criticize, reject, and replace it with the alternative notion of individual retribution. The conclusions stress the extent to which the formative canon sponsors this kind of critical reflection and intellectual freedom.

scholarly journals VIRTUAL IDENTIFICATION OF MODERN PEOPLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Yan Chaplak ◽  
◽  
Halyna Chuyko ◽  
Ihor Zvarych ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Real World ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Real ◽  
Identity Creation ◽  
Virtual Identity ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article analyses theoretically the problem of human identification in the Internet and studies the phenomenon of an individual’s virtual identity. We have analysed the concept and features of self-presentation as the primary element of an individual’s identification in the virtual space in order to create a desired impression on the individual with an opportunity to be perceived there as he/she want to be perceived in the real world; which, to a certain extent, contradicts to the concept of “identity”. An individual’s presentation via the Internet is often only a manipulation with an impression on him/her and an imitation of sincere communication and frank disclosure of his/her own real identity, since a virtual identity rarely reflects the individual’s true self-image; whereas the question of identity concerns an individual’s real identity in the real world. An individual’s virtual identification is chanced in time from multiple existing identities to Internet users’ tendency to open more real information about them in the Internet space; the ways of virtual identity creation are examined. The phenomenon of an individual’s multiple identification in the Internet is investigated, which is connected both with the period of an anonymous existence of the Network and the desire to study oneself and one’s capabilities regarding the optimal self-representation in virtual space, on the one hand, and with insufficiently adequate self-understanding, one’s real identity as a modern virtualized person, on the other hand. People are inclined to play and experiment with their self-images and self-identification, by constantly changing it and improving it, in particular, by adding desired (idealized) features; and this virtual identity is imitated during communications with other Internet users. That is, playing and communication in virtual space are factors of virtual identity formation, which evidences transformations of identity of a modern individual as a representative of the information society. The conclusion is that people in the Web, partly due to its anonymity, are inclined to manipulate with impressions on them, focusing on their positive perception by other Internet users. As a result, not so much an individual’s virtual identification is created, but a set of mask images, simulacra (which in fact only hide a user, giving out desirable for valid), behind which there is no real identity.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Characteristics of Turkish Z Generation Living Abroad Through Graphology

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Neriman KARA
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The characteristics of Z generation individuals constituting the majority of today’s youth are quite different from those of previous generations’ individuals. The individuals of this generation who spend their each and every moment on the internet and live their social life on this environment can shape their real life with this virtual life as well. While the fact that they can reach any information they want at any time enables them to be more brilliant on the one hand, this also prevents their emotional intelligence from improving. These individuals have some features like being rather self-confident, independent, introvert, dissatisfied, communicating only via social media, knowing what they want, expressing themselves quite well and desire to have all the control on their hand. Besides observations and empirical studies, it’s also possible to evaluate the characteristics of the individuals and their lives by means of Graphology, whose validity and reliability have already been proved to be true and which has well-established in literature today. Graphology elicits the characteristics of the individual under the umbrella of the information based on his writing and signature. The aim of this study is to evaluate by means of Graphology whether the characteristics of Z generation living in Turkey and those of living in abroad are similar to each other or not. In this study, a group of 15 Turkish people living in England, who are Z generation individuals, will be investigated with the help of Graphology. Thanks to this study, Z generation individuals’ features already available in the literature in Turkey will be compared with the findings that will be available at the end of our study.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF GENDER IN ADVERTISING: STRATEGIES, STEREOTYPES, MEANS

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Olga L. Tsvetkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Advertising Strategies ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Collective Information ◽  
Logical Result

The article discusses the problem of cultural design of gender in modern advertising discourse. The existing and emerging types of gender identity are classified in Western advertising of the second half of the XX century. The dual nature of advertising is noted: on the one hand, it broadcasts the process of forming identity, on the other hand, it formulates the norms of feminism/masculinity. Advertising, being a powerful institution of symbolic power of modern consumption society, has a strong influence on the parameters of identity formation, the public position of the individual, as well as on the wide stratum of cultural and social processes in general. The communicative system of advertising as a means of mass influence, ensures the exchange, storage and accumulation of «collective information», «collective memory». At the same time, the process of layering ideologues and archetypes with both existing in the public unconscious and newly emerging phenomena and situations takes place. In creating gender-stratified advertising, techniques such as the use of semantic means of influence are used; creation of a specific design of advertising messages; broadcasting stereotypical emotionally rich images. Advertising hyperbolizes the differences between the sexes and renders stereotypical gender qualities – from the way of thinking of advertising heroes, to manifestations of non-verbal semiotics and paralinguistics. The author concludes that doubts about his own body, its design and representation are a logical result of the general ontological instability of the postmodern era, in which the original concepts of truth, values, traditions are blurred. Objective advertising has a special role in this.

scholarly journals The rational organization of analytical accounting in the military units

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
O.A. Pinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Accounting System ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Rational Organization ◽  
The One ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Military Units

This paper analyzes the one of the least developed areas of accounting research, such as accounting in the army. There are no works which have been devoted to the issue of analytical accounting of fixed assets in military units. In the conditions of a hybrid war in Ukraine, an effective accounting system in military units is required, due to the specifics of their organizational, economic and technological features, which would allow responding quickly to modern challenges. The article considers one of the most important areas of accounting for military units, namely, accounting for fixed assets, its analytical support. An effectively structured analytics structure should ensure the effective and timely execution of tasks assigned to military units in accordance with current legislation. Suggestions for building a rational model of organization of analytical accounting of fixed assets in military units are given. The following levels of analytical accounting in military units are proposed: by purpose of property, by places of storage, by technical characteristics, by funds of military camps and by relevant services. The components of accounting for missile and artillery armament of tanks (self-propelled artillery units, infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers, and other military equipment) have been separately identified. The construction of the analytical system took into account the specifics of the sphere of activity of the business entity, which determines the individual nature of information flows in the system of management analysis of production and economic activities of the institution.

scholarly journals Analysis of approaches to the study of civic identity

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Nigora Khazratova ◽  
Inha Petrovska
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Organizational Identity ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific approaches to studying civic identity as a form of social identity. It has been found that the following aspects are essential in the context of the study of civic identity: understanding it as a phenomenon, which has dynamical and structural nature, is closely related to the continuous processes of personality development and self-determination, induces the inclusion of an individual, the sense of inner unity with others and the importance of individual's existence in society, as well as evokes the identity seeking state (psychoanalytic approach); combination of individualizing and social aspects, the formation of identity in the process of socialization and social interaction through the internalization of roles, social norms, values, typical patterns of behavior (symbolic interactionism); understanding the self-categorization as an essential process in the identity formation, the existence of levels of self-categorization (which are considered as levels of identity at the same time), interpretation of identity as an internal regulator of individual's behavior (cognitive psychology); an ability for political, intellectual, spiritual and other elites to construct identity by influencing society by means of ideology (constructionism). It was reasoned, that the organizational-game approach is the most promising in the context of studying civic identity, as, on the one hand, it to some extent allows to synthesize the basic ideas of the above-mentioned scientific approaches, and, on the other hand, extends them with novel provisions (such as transaction/script analysis and organizational identity concepts), taking into account the essential characteristics of the civic identity of the individual. According to the organizational-game approach, civic identity is considered as a kind of organizational identity (a specific form of social identity), which is selfdetermination in the organizational environment of the state, as well as self-identification with the role of a citizen in the context of game and script interactions with state institutions and fellow citizens, and is additionally the primary psychological regulator of civic behavior.

Bourdieu, Pierre (1930–2002)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Baert
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reflexive Sociology ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Critically assessing both hermeneutic and structuralist approaches, Pierre Bourdieu’s social theory aims at transcending the opposition between the individual and society. On the one hand, people exhibit practical skills which are adjusted to the constraints of the environment. On the other hand, society does not determine people’s actions: the very same practical skills allow them to improvise and deal with an infinite number of situations. Although Bourdieu takes into account the individual, he does not succumb to the Cartesian notion of a self-sufficient subject. Also, his view is very much in opposition to rational choice theory. His theoretical framework has emerged out of his empirical research and vice versa. In his research Bourdieu applies his reflexive sociology: a critical reflection on the part of the social scientist towards their own practices.

scholarly journals “I’m a mother, but I’m also a facilitator in her every-day life”: Parents’ voices about barriers and support for internet participation among young people with intellectual disabilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Sorbring ◽  
Martin Molin ◽  
Lotta Löfgren-Mårtenson
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Young Person ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Current Article ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

In general, the Internet is an arena where parents (as well as other adults) have limited insight and possibilities to support the young person. However, several studies indicate that parents are one of the most important facilitators in the every-day life of young persons with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, the aim of the current article is to highlight parents’ perceptions and actions in relation to opportunities and barriers for these young people when using the Internet. The empirical material consists of interviews with 22 parents of intellectually challenged young people in Sweden. The transcribed interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis, which is a method of identifying, analysing and reporting patterns within data sets. The results show that parents’ views are double-edged; on the one hand, they see great possibilities for their children, thanks to the Internet, but on the other hand, they are afraid that due to their disability, their children are more sensitive to different contents and interactions on the Internet. Furthermore, the results indicate that parents believe that the Internet can facilitate participation in social life, but that it precludes young people with intellectual disabilities from being part of society in general when it comes to community functions and services. This article will discuss barriers and support in relation to the individual and her or his support system, which brings into focus the parent’s responsibility and support for young people, helping them to surmount barriers – instead of avoiding or ignoring them – and find ways to take action to do so.

scholarly journals La società europea in costruzione

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Leonardi
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
The Individual

The social dimension has been neglected for a long time in the analysis of the change phenomena accompanying the European integration process. The proposed analysis tries to enhance the different sociological approaches to the study of the restrictions and factors favouring/hindering European integration and to how this, in turn, influences and structures social life, by looking to the social actors, institutions and models of behaviour, and to how the social relationships are configured in the European space. The structuring of European society is captured through analysis of the changes characterizing the European social model, the production of social inequalities, the relationship between citizenship and welfare, and the individual and collective social identity formation processes.

scholarly journals “OTHERNESS” AS A CONFLICT OF IDENTITIES IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
L. Usanova ◽  
H. Suprun
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

This paper presents an attempt to analyse the growth of conflict in the context of globalization processes of the XXI century, in particular the clash of cultural and social identities. The development of digital technologies has provoked an increased array of information flows, which bring disorienting sentiments to society. This resulted in the spread of such social phenomena as “echo chamber” and gaslighting. Conflict of identities is a response to the collapse of a unified society. Purpose and objectives of the paper. The objective is to conduct a socio-philosophical analysis of identity as a conflict-causing phenomenon in the globalized digital age, based on the achievements of modern science and philosophy. Methodology of Research. The main research methods are structural-functional, philosophico-cultural and philosophico-anthropological. The principle “from abstract to concrete” and the principle of systemicity were applied to solve specific research tasks. Research results. On the one hand, modern globalization processes allow the interaction of previously distant or even mutually exclusive cultures, patterns of behaviour, or identities. On the other hand, there is a clash of previously separated and relatively closed cultural, civilizational groups, which becomes a catalyst in forming a completely new (or hybrid) identity and advocating existing identification values, where the alternative reality is perceived as a threat of losing the uniqueness or value of the heritage of generations. As a result, there is a conflict of identities at both the individual and social levels. Conclusion.The globalization processes of the XXI century are penetrating more and more actively into all spheres of social life: there is a clash of cultural and social identities, which provokes increasing conflict levels and grouping to preserve uniqueness in response to global trends, the establishment of new social norms and expansion of human rights. The world is in a state of formation, constant change, and the understanding of the described trends features and their mechanisms reveals their contradictory phenomena “echo chamber”, gaslighting etc. “Otherness” has become an integral feature of today and in our opinion, the search for practices of mutual understanding is becoming another cultural challenge.

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