scholarly journals Warranty of Misinforming as an Option in Product Utilization Process

10.28945/3501 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitar Grozdanov Christozov ◽  
Stefanka Chukova ◽  
Plamen S. Mateev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Strike Price ◽  
Underlying Asset ◽  
Learning Function ◽  
Time To Learn ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The following definition of “option” is given in Wikipedia - “In finance, an option is a contract which gives the buyer (the owner or holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date, depending on the form of the option.”. Option as a risk management (mitigation) tool is broadly used in finance and trades. At the same time it introduces asymmetry in the sense that, probabilistically, it limits the level of loses (i.e., the price of option) and allows for unlimited gains. In the market of sophisticate devices (as smart phones, tablets, etc.), where technologies are rapidly advancing, customers usually do not have the experience to use all features of the device at the time of purchasing. Due to the lack of appropriate expertise, the risk of misinforming leading to not purchasing the "right" device is high, but given enough time to learn the capabilities of the device and map them to the problems faced could provide the client with substantial long term benefits. Warranty of misinforming is the mechanism to provide the client with the opportunity to explore the device and master its features with a limited risk of loses. Thus, the warranty of misinforming could be considered as an option - the customers buys it (at a fixed cost) and may gain (theoretically) unlimited benefit by realizing (within the warranty) that the device can be used to solve variety of problems not considered at the purchase time. The paper investigates the learning function of warranty of misinforming, when used as an option.

scholarly journals Warranty of Misinforming as an Option in Product Utilization Process

10.28945/3494 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 075-087
Author(s):  
Dimitar Grozdanov Christozov ◽  
Stefanka Chukova ◽  
Plamen S. Mateev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Strike Price ◽  
Underlying Asset ◽  
Time To Learn ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Financial Losses

The following definition of “option” is given in Wikipedia - “In finance, an option is a contract, which gives the buyer (the owner or holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date, depending on the form of the option” (“Option,” n.d.). Option as a risk management (mitigation) tool is broadly used in finance and trade. At the same time, it introduces asymmetry in the sense that, probabilistically, it limits the level of losses (e.g., the price of the option) and allows for unlimited gains. In the market of sophisticated devices (as smart phones, tablets, etc.), where technologies are rapidly advancing, customers usually do not have the experience to use all features of the device at the time of the purchase. Due to the lack of appropriate expertise, the risk of misinforming, leading to not purchasing the “right” device is high, but given enough time to learn the capabilities of the device and map these to the needs and tasks that device will be used for, could provide the client with substantial long term benefits. Warranty of misinforming is a mechanism that provides the client with the opportunity to explore the device and master its features under limited risk of financial losses. Thus, the warranty of misinforming could be considered as an option - the custom-ers buy it (at a fixed cost) and may gain (theoretically) unlimited benefit by realizing (within the terms of the warranty) that the device can be used to solve a variety of problems not envisaged at the time of purchase. In this study we present the idea of treating the warranty of misinforming as an option in finances and provide examples to illustrate our viewpoint.

scholarly journals GOOD FAITH IN FRANCHISE CONTRACT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Nurli Yaacob ◽  
Nasri Naiimi
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Relational Contracts ◽  
Law System ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Term Contract ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

Good faith has been defined as justice, fairness, reasonableness, decency, taking no chances, and so on. The concept of good faith has long been rooted in contract law under the jurisdiction of Civil law, although the definition of it is still debated until today. However, the view of the Common Law tradition does not recognize the concept of good faith as long as the contract is entered into with the freedom of contract and both parties abide by the terms of the contract. Given that a franchise contract involves a long-term contract and always been developed, it is impossible to define both rights and responsibilities base on express terms only. As such, the franchise contract gives the franchisor the right to exercise its discretion in executing the contract. It is in this context that the element of good faith is very important to ensure that the franchisor does not take advantage of the franchisee and that the business continues to prosper. Therefore, the objective of this article is to discuss the concept of good faith in a franchise contract. The findings show that the common law system that initially rejected the application of the concept of good faith also changed its approach and began to recognize the concept of good faith as it is very important for relational contracts such as franchise contracts.

scholarly journals LEARNING GEOMATICS FOR RESTORATION: ICOMOS SUMMER SCHOOL IN OSSOLA VALLEY

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W1 ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Achille ◽  
F. Fassi ◽  
K. Marquardt ◽  
M. Cesprini
Keyword(s):  
Summer School ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
History Survey ◽  
Annual Summer

Documentation and preservation of widespread rural heritage are today possible only if you can activate processes of conservation headed by local communities, thereby recognizing the link between the communities and their culture. The cultural heritage places (villages, sites and landscapes) can take different values; action is needed respecting the right of communities to identify the values contained in them. ‘Collaborative networks should be set up at different levels among multiple stakeholders in order to address issues related to heritage and create new value chains through innovative synergies. Dynamic, flexible, inclusive and integrated processes of engagement need to be employed for assessing long-term social impacts of heritage conservation programmes’ (Icomos, 2014). <br><br> In 2011 the 3DSurvey Group of the Politecnico di Milano in collaboration with the Canova Association initiated an annual summer school program entitled ‘Laboratory of Places 2017, Ghesc and surroundings, History, survey, evolution Laboratory of Places'. The definition of “Laboratory of Places 2017, Ghesc and surroundings” links the idea of an inhabited space to an open space suitable for study, research, and an interactive absorption and confrontation of differing ideas. Founding elements of the project involve educational collaborations with university, but equally important will be the development of programs with local schools, associations, and public administration (Quaderni di Ghesc, 2010).

scholarly journals Reconceptualizing the Concept of Corporate Governance and its Goals in People’s Credit Banks in Indonesia

Yuridika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Yafet Yosafet Wilben Rissy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Definition Of

This Article examines the concept of corporate governance and its goals in People’s Credit Banks (PCBs). In 2015, Indonesian Financial Services Authority (IFSA) issued two main regulations on corporate governance and risk management for People’s Credit Banks (PCBs). This investigation shows that in these two regulations ISFA simply defines corporate governance as the implementation of transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence and fairness (TARIF) principles by PCBs. Basically, such kind of conceptualization is not appropriate as it does not define the concept of corporate governance itself, but rather, it just reaffirms the general principles of good corporate governance. Meanwhile, IFSA does not clearly provide the goals of corporate governance in PCBs. It is recommended that IFSA should reconceptualize the definition of corporate governance by focusing more on the function of PBCs boards. Meanwhile, the goals of corporate governance in PCBs should deal more with the achievement of long-term success of PCBs.

Options

2019 ◽  
pp. 231-248
Author(s):  
Alan N. Rechtschaffen
Keyword(s):  
Option Pricing ◽  
Strike Price ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Index Options ◽  
Underlying Asset ◽  
Black Scholes Model ◽  
Black Scholes ◽  
Delta Hedging ◽  
Option Strategies ◽  
The Right

An option is a derivative that derives its value from another underlying asset, instrument, or index. Options “transfer the right but not the obligation to buy or sell the underlying asset, instrument or index on or before the option's exercise date at a specified price (the strike price).” A contract that gives a purchaser such a right is inherently an option even if it called something else. Options can trade over the counter or on an exchange. Regulatory jurisdiction will be defined by the underlying asset negotiated under the terms of the option, by the location where the options are traded, and by the counterparties to an option transaction. This chapter discusses the characteristics of options, how options work, the Black-Scholes model and option pricing, delta hedging, and option strategies.

New Challenges in Electronic Payments

2011 ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Martin Reichenbach
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Electronic Payments ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Definition Of

While it’s essential for “intelligent enterprises” to deliver value added to their customers it’s getting increasingly important for them to consider new challenges in electronic payments. This is to meet the users’1 requirements to pay in a secure, efficient and “easy to use” way, both in e-commerce and m-commerce. In the end, secure and efficient2 electronic payment systems are one of the most crucial elements of transactions in e- and m-commerce. Currently, one can detect opacity3 for users because of the huge number of different payment systems and their different impact on the users’ individual requirements in different transaction situations posing them possible risks. Thus, assuring users of features such as convenience, low costs and privacy while conducting transactions may form the basis of competitive advantage for intelligent enterprises. This chapter presents an approach enabling users to evaluate possible risks related with electronic payment systems and hereby eliminating the above mentioned opacity. It highlights the definition of user requirements as a prerequisite for individual risk management. The solution introduced assists users in choosing a convenient payment system in the long term during individual portfolio-setup as well as in the short term while conducting payment transactions.

scholarly journals MANAGING THE REPUTATIONAL RISKS OF THE COMPANY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CONCEPT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1(47)) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
H. Zhaldak ◽  
М. Chuprina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Reputation Risk ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Corporate Social

The main stages that can be used to diagnose the level of development of the company's reputation are detailed. Thus, most of the enterprises engaged in corporate social responsibility initiatives are in the 2nd (32 %) and 3rd (36 %) stages, respectively. It has been established that in order to achieve a positive financial and economic effect from corporate social responsibility projects in the long term, it is worth implementing projects at the level of forming a strategy and developing an internal corporate culture. The influence of reputational risks on the development of business reputation has been substantiated. The definition of reputational risks in the sphere of corporate social responsibility was clarified and the main characteristics of the stages of reputation risk management were considered. Based on research conducted by Global RepTrak (2019), the main areas of risk occurrence in the field of corporate social responsibility are highlighted. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the fact that their application in the activities of companies helps to ensure the business reputation and capitalization of the company based on the use of the concept of corporate social responsibility.

scholarly journals Internet marketing tools

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Urtė Sturienė
Keyword(s):  
Internet Marketing ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

In today's world, every business organization can pursue marketing goals online. Choosing the right Internet marketing tools or combining several may be significant in reaching the target audience. Therefore, without precise criteria for assessing the impact of Internet marketing tools on business organizations, it is not very easy to choose the most appropriate tools to compete with other businesses. This paper aims to investigate the impact of Internet marketing tools on business organizations. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: to analyse the Internet marketing concept and to reveal the impact assessment criteria. The results have shown that there is no agreed scientific definition of the term and concept of Internet marketing tools. However, it is obvious that Internet marketing is the part of digital marketing. Also, the Internet marketing impact criteria consist of short-term effect, long-term effect, and alternatives. Internet marketing tools typically drive sales growth, strengthen the brand and help to build and maintain relationships with clients.

scholarly journals Destructive mid- and long-term Side Effect of the Crisis: Rising Protectionism

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Durusoy
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Descriptive Property ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Arena

Finance based crisis with its effect felt in the second quarter of 2007 has acquired global characteristics, and taken held of many countries. Global crisis not only has worn down constructive opinions regarding global capitalism, which played an important role in shaping the 20 th, but it has also discredited market economies. Thus, in many countries, including the United States of America, public rescue package implementations have lead to more desirable state interventions.On the other hand, economic activities in the global arena following the crisis slowed down and it became more difficult for financial structures to exist, and reduction in global trade movements were observed.This situation has lead for countries to include protective policies against the crisis as well. In study, protective studies will be addresssed, which wear down the globalization acting as a descriptive property of both experimental and normative reality in the definition of the process we are currently experiencing. As the economic problems gradually increase, the kind of shapes trade constrictions and protective instincts illustrate themselves and possible results of this will be examined on a country basis (EURASİAN, USA, EU, OECD). Expecially, it will be examined whether protectionism is the right solition policy against the crisis on not, and then the degree of the effect of this policy in the drop experienced in the recent months in international trade will be addressed. Lastly, the type of measurements taken in the international arena regarding protectionism and suficiently of the measurements will be assessed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document