Stepwise Relationship of Exercise Frequency with Serum BDNF Level among Adolescents

Introduction: Regular participation in exercise in adolescents is associated with numerous health benefits, including improved CV, metabolic, muscular, respiratory, immune, cognitive, and neurohormonal functions. Brain-derived neutrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for several body functions, particularly the neural and cognitive functions. However, the dose-effect of exercise participation on BDNF is not fully understood among adolescents. The current study examined the relationship of serum BDNF level with moderate/vigorous exercise frequency in 703 adolescents aged 13-17 years old. Methodology: ELISA was used to evaluate serum BDNF. Additionally, the SALSA questionnaire was used to obtain the weekly frequency of moderate/vigorous exercise. Results: The ANOVA revealed differences (p=0.001) in BDNF level according to running frequency. Subsequent posthoc analysis showed that BDNF was greater (p<0.05) in adolescents participating three, four, five, six, and seven versus no and one day of exercise. Furthermore, no differences (p>0.05) were found in BDNF between exercising three, four, five, six, and seven days/week. Conclusion: The current data revealed stepwise differences in BDNF between running frequencies, peaking at five days/week. These differences in BDNF seems to plateau when participating more than three days/week. The results confirm the importance of exercise for brain health and are consistent with the current recommendations for moderate/vigorous exercise frequency.

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Football Playing on Changes in Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app112411828 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (24) ◽

pp. 11828

Author(s):

Randall Gutiérrez-Vargas ◽

Alexis Ugalde-Ramírez ◽

Markel Rico-González ◽

José Pino-Ortega ◽

Juan González-Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Football Players ◽

Bdnf Level ◽

Exercise Effect ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Background: Consistent evidence suggests that exercise improves cognition and decision making, with preliminary evidence suggesting that brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs) may mediate these effects on high-intensity interval activities, such as in football playing. We conducted a systematic review of studies on football players or football task interventions that evaluated the causality of exercise or its relationship with changes in the basal BDNF level. Methods: The search was conducted in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane, and FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) according to the guidelines for performing systematic reviews in the sport sciences field. Results: From the 44 studies initially identified, seven studies were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analysed. In the scientific study of football, the studies published thus far have explored the relationship of serum BDNF levels and other cognitive function factors with the genetic expression of polymorphisms, the anthropometric and fitness conditions, the acute exercise effect of the match, and the typical actions of the match such as heading. Conclusions: The heterogeneity of designs and variables evaluated in studies related to BDNF exercise or interaction and football playing does not allow us to conclusively determine that there is a relationship with the cause or effect of genetic, anthropometric, or conditional factors that derive from an increase in BDNF due to actions during the playing of football.

Angiotensin II and COVID-19. Secrets of interactions

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3861 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 3861 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. O. Konradi ◽

A. O. Nedoshivin

Keyword(s):

Angiotensin Ii ◽

Enzyme Inhibitors ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽

Current Data ◽

Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽

Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽

Receptor Blockers ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The article describes current data on the relationship of renin-angiotensin system and related drugs with the risk of COVID-19 infection and its outcomes. Analysis of the latest publications did not reveal association of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with any risk of an unfavorable outcomes, and there was no data for withdrawal of these drugs.

The Relationship of Sensation Seek, Self-Determined Motivation and Exercise Participation Level in Extreme Sports Participants

Korean Journal of Sport Psychology ◽

10.14385/kssp.30.4.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 17-30

Author(s):

Jihoon Ahn ◽

◽

Yongse Kim ◽

Sungho Kwon

Keyword(s):

Sensation Seek ◽

Extreme Sports ◽

Exercise Participation ◽

Participation Level ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Association of Psychological Stress with Physical Fitness in a Military Cohort: The CHIEF Study

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usz469 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 185 (7-8) ◽

pp. e1240-e1246 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ko-Huan Lin ◽

Yu-Jung Chen ◽

Szu-Nian Yang ◽

Ming-Wei Liu ◽

Chung-Cheng Kao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Fitness ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Exercise Frequency ◽

Normal Individuals ◽

Run Test ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

Abstract Introduction Psychological stress is associated with sedentary behavior, which may impair exercise performance. The aim of our study was to examine the association between psychological stress and physical fitness in military personnel. Method A military cohort of 4080 subjects in Taiwan was used for the analysis. The Brief Symptoms Rating Scale (BSRS-5) includes items of anxiety, depression, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, and insomnia measured by a five-point Likert-type scale of 0–4. Psychological stress was defined as normal (n = 3657), slight (n = 314), and great (n = 109) by BSRS-5 score ≤5, 6–9, and ≥10, respectively. Aerobic fitness and anaerobic fitness were evaluated by the time of 3000-meter running and the numbers of 2-min sit-ups and 2-min push-ups, respectively. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the relationship. Results As compared with normal stress, slight and great stress were positive dose-dependently correlated with 3000-meter running time (β = 9.09 and 14.44; P = 0.0032 and 0.048, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, service specialty, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, hemoglobin levels, and exercise frequency. Similarly, those with slight stress were more likely to be the worst 10% performers in the 3000-meter run test relative to the normal individuals (odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals: 1.50, 1.00–2.24). By contrast, there was no relationship of psychological stress with the numbers of 2-min sit-ups and 2-min push-ups. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the presence of higher psychological stress on military personnel may reduce their cardiorespiratory fitness but not affect the anaerobic fitness.

Hope and Physical Exercise: The Contributions of Hope, Self-Efficacy, and Optimism in Accounting for Variance in Exercise Frequency

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/0033294119851798 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 123 (4) ◽

pp. 1145-1159

Author(s):

Craig L. Anderson ◽

David B. Feldman

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Future Research ◽

Exercise Frequency ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Work Up ◽

We examine the relationship of hope with exercise using Snyder’s hope model, which defines hope as a combination of goal-directed planning (pathways) and motivation (agency). We surveyed 102 participants online via Amazon MTurk. The Adult Hope Scale and Goal-Specific Hope Scale assessed general hope and hope regarding exercise. The Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire assessed frequency of exercise and of any activity “long enough to work up a sweat.” We also measured optimism, exercise self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, and stress. Because hope emphasizes planning and motivation (both likely needed in fitness regimens), we expected it to relate to exercise frequency after controlling for these other variables. Indeed, exercise goal-specific hope was correlated with frequency of exercise and activity long enough to sweat, though general hope was not. This relationship held after controlling for all other variables. Future research may be useful in investigating causality, including whether hope-based interventions result in increased exercise engagement.

Sex Differences in the Association of HOMA-IR Index and BDNF in Han Chinese Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.656230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yating Yang ◽

Yulong Zhang ◽

Juan Wang ◽

Xiaoshuai Ning ◽

Yelei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Bdnf Level ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Female Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Relationship ◽

Background: Previous research has indicated that there are significant sex differences in serum BDNF levels and metabolic indicators in patients with schizophrenia. Studies have found that BDNF is involved in blood sugar regulation. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is currently a sensitive indicator for measuring insulin resistance. Our study aims to explore the sex differences in the relationship between serum BDNF levels and HOMA-IR in patients with chronic schizophrenia (CS).Methods: A total of 332 patients with CS were enrolled in this study. General information of all participants was collected. Haematological indicators were collected, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms. Sex differences in serum BDNF levels, HOMA-IR index and other metabolic indexes were investigated. Then, linear regression analysis was used to analyse the relationship between the HOMA-IR index and BDNF levels in male and female patients.Results: The HOMA-IR index of female patients was significantly higher than that of males, but there was no significant difference in serum BDNF levels between male patients and female patients. There was a positive correlation between BDNF level and HOMA-IR index, and this relationship only existed in female patients.Conclusion: The results show that there are significant sex differences in HOMA-IR in patients with CS. In addition, only in female patients was there a positive correlation between the HOMA-IR index and BDNF level, which suggests that sex factors should be taken into account in evaluating the relationship between BDNF and blood glucose in patients with CS.

Feelings of Energy, Exercise-Related Self-Efficacy, and Voluntary Exercise Participation

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.35.6.612 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 612-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Seok Yoon ◽

Janet Buckworth ◽

Brian Focht ◽

Bomna Ko

Keyword(s):

Path Analysis ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Efficacy Beliefs ◽

Path Model ◽

Full Time ◽

Direct Effects ◽

Vigorous Exercise ◽

Exercise Participation ◽

Physical Energy ◽

This study used a path analysis approach to examine the relationship between feelings of energy, exercise-related self-efficacy beliefs, and exercise participation. A cross-sectional mailing survey design was used to measure feelings of physical and mental energy, task and scheduling self-efficacy beliefs, and voluntary moderate and vigorous exercise participation in 368 healthy, full-time undergraduate students (mean age = 21.43 ± 2.32 years). The path analysis revealed that the hypothesized path model had a strong fit to the study data. The path model showed that feelings of physical energy had significant direct effects on task and scheduling self-efficacy beliefs as well as exercise behaviors. In addition, scheduling self-efficacy had direct effects on moderate and vigorous exercise participation. However, there was no significant direct relationship between task self-efficacy and exercise participation. The path model also revealed that scheduling self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between feelings of physical energy and exercise participation.

Relationship of Friend/Parent Exercise Participation Levels and Adolescents’ Exercise Intention/Behavior as Moderated by Action Control

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/0031512519900058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 127 (2) ◽

pp. 347-366

Author(s):

Keunchul Lee ◽

Kanghun Lee

Keyword(s):

Action Control ◽

Exercise Behavior ◽

Exercise Participation ◽

Korean Adolescents ◽

Participation Level ◽

And Behavior ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Exercise Intention ◽

This study investigated the role of action control in the relationship between friend and parent exercise participation levels with adolescents’ exercise intention and behavior, based on the theory of planned behavior. Data were collected from 740 Korean adolescents through questionnaires that assessed the exercise participation level of these participants’ parents and friends, and the adolescent participants’ personal exercise intention, exercise behavior, action control, and exercise constraints. The results showed that the exercise participation level of friends, but not of parents, mediated the adolescents’ exercise behavior through their exercise intention. This relationship was magnified by higher levels of the adolescents’ action control.

Role of Sociocultural Pressures and Internalization of Appearance Ideals in the Motivation for Exercise

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/00332941211000659 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003329412110006

Author(s):

Petra Anić ◽

Alessandra Pokrajac-Bulian ◽

Tamara Mohorić

Keyword(s):

Positive Health ◽

Exercise Frequency ◽

Future Directions ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Sociocultural Attitudes ◽

Exercise Motives ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Appearance Ideals

This study examined the mediating role of sociocultural pressures (i.e., parental, peer, significant others, and media) and the internalization of appearance ideals (i.e., thin, muscular, attractive) on the relationship of Body Mass Index (BMI) and exercise frequency to exercise motives (i.e., weight management, appearance, positive health). A total of 262 young women, age 18 to 29, participated in the study. Average BMI in this sample was 22.09 ( SD = 2.69) and ranged from 18.03 to 31.51, with 15.3% of the sample having a BMI of 25 and above, which qualifies as overweight. Participants completed Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4-Revised and Exercise Motivations Inventory-2 (EMI-2) along with some demographic information and questions regarding their exercise habits. The results indicated that women with higher BMI are more motivated to exercise to lose weight, and women who exercise more frequently are motivated by the aspect of positive health. Also, women with higher BMI perceive more sociocultural pressures to obtain a culturally acceptable body. The sociocultural pressures and appearance internalization mediated the relationship between BMI and the frequency of exercise with motives for exercise. The implications and future directions of research are discussed.

Relationship of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, malondialdehyde, and 8-Hydroxy 2-Deoxyguanosine with post-ischemic stroke depression

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-010007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 41-46

Author(s):

Yuliarni Syafrita ◽

Darwin Amir ◽

Restu Susanti ◽

I Fadhilah

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Stroke ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Bdnf Level ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Depression Group ◽

Post Stroke Depression ◽

Relationship Of ◽

ABSTRACT A few studies have shown that serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in post-stroke depression is highly correlated with memory and neuropsychiatric disturbances. Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the relationship of serum BDNF, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-Hydroxy 2-Deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) levels in acute stroke cases with one-month post-stroke depression. Methods: An observational study was conducted of 72 post-ischemic stroke patients in the Neurology ward of the Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Acute stroke (< 48 hours) serum BDNF, MDA, and 8-OhdG levels were measured using ELISA. Based on observations using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale conducted one month after stroke, respondents were divided into two groups: with and without depression. The mean serum level was analyzed using the t-test and Mann-Whitney test, while differences in basic characteristics were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the most significant factor associated with post-stroke depression. The error rate was set at 5%. Results: BDNF levels in acute stroke were significantly lower in the depression group than in the non-depression group (p < 0.05). MDA and 8-OhdG levels in acute stroke were higher in the depression group (p < 0.05). BDNF level during acute stroke was negatively correlated with post-stroke depression, while, conversely, acute stroke MDA and 8-OhdG levels were positively correlated with depression. Conclusion: BDNF had a negative correlation, while MDA and 8-OhdG had a positive correlation, with depression one-month post-stroke. 8-OhdG was the most influential factor in post-stroke depression.