scholarly journals Valuation of ecosystem services in a region: A review of the international experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-103
Author(s):  
Vera Yurak ◽  
Margarita Ignatyeva ◽  
Aleksey Dushin
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Valuation Of Ecosystem Services ◽  
Theory Of Value

The paper aims to investigate the international experience of valuation and identification of ecosystem services. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research includes the theory of value and the ecosystem approach. The authors apply the dialectical method, logical abstraction, comparative analysis, grouping method, and the method of analogies. To build the hierarchy of ecosystem services and determine the most important ones in relation to soil and forest ecosystems statistical methods are implemented. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the key projects on valuation of ecosystem services in terms of content, scale and adopted methods; the identification of the most often valuated ecosystem services; and refined classification of ecosystem services and method for their evaluation. The practical significance of the research lies in the improvement of the economic mechanism of the regulation of natural resources management, which is meant to mitigate the negative consequences of climate change, what eventually will increase the probability of attaining the UN Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. The research findings form the basis for further formulation of the methodological recommendations about valuation of the ecosystem services in different physical-geographical zones.

scholarly journals Methodological principles of making public management decisions in the sphere of forest ecosystem services

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Nataliia V. Vasylieva ◽  
Victoria P. Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services ◽  
Local Levels

The purpose of study is the developing of methodological frameworks for public management decisions, in particular, for the feasibility of applying an ecosystem approach at the national, regional and local levels for solving problems and ensuring the development of forest ecosystem services, which will positively affect the welfare of the population. Methodology. The research methods (induction, deduction, objectivity, system, generalization) are used in article in order to present and justify the main results. Results. Today there is an urgent need to preserve biodiversity to reduce poverty and socio-economic development of individual regions and states, which requires strengthening environmental measures and balanced use of forest ecosystem services with the mandatory elimination of direct and indirect factors of change. Public management decisions should be made using an ecosystem approach and public involvement, which will allow timely identification and consideration of the preferences of different social groups. Practical meaning. The practical significance of the study lies in the applied nature of the proposed model for applying the ecosystem approach to public management decisions at the national, regional and local levels, which will solve the pressing problems of biodiversity conservation, ensure the development of forest ecosystems and have a positive effect on the well-being of the population, which will be devoted to our further research. Prospects for further research. There will be a search for effective ways to change the relation of a society to understand the importance of developing services of all four groups of forest ecosystem.

scholarly journals Quasifical Operations in the Sector of Enterprises with the State Participation as an Instrument of State Regulation of the Economy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Shvets ◽  
Iryna Tkachuk ◽  
Mariana Kobelia
Keyword(s):  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Participation Research ◽  
The Impact

Actuality. The risks of the state-owned enterprises are largely caused by unjustified quasi-fiscal operations in the sector of such enterprises. The main aim of the article is to reveal the theoretical essence of the category "quasi-fiscal operations" as an instrument of the state regulation of the economy in the sector of enterprises with state participation. Research results. The article highlights the approaches to the interpretation of quasi-fiscal operations by both scientists-theorists and high-authority organizations in this field, which allowed to summarize the typical features of quasi-fiscal operations in the sector of enterprises with state participation. The preconditions for the introduction of quasi-fiscal operations in the sector of enterprises with state participation and instruments for their implementation are highlighted. The approach to the classification of quasi-fiscal operations in the sector of enterprises with state participation taking into account the subjects of implementation, the impact on the budget and the sphere of activity of enterprises is substantiated. The negative consequences of the use of quasi-fiscal operations in the sphere of enterprises with state participation are substantiated. Conclusions. Given the peculiarities of quasi-fiscal operations in the field of enterprises with state participation, the state must assess the consequences of their use separately for each case, taking into account economic, social, and political and other factors inherent in the country. The elements of scientific novelty. Further studies have been devoted to highlighting the role of quasi-fiscal operations in the field of state-owned enterprises as an instrument for the state regulation of the economy. Practical significance. The main results of the study can be used as the basis for further scientific research on the activities of enterprises with state participation, and will also be useful for decision-making by public authorities on the use of quasi-fiscal operations in this sector.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Benefits and Ecosystem Services Provided by Green Roofs—A Review

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Cuong Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Nitin Muttil ◽  
Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq ◽  
Anne W. M. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Water Sensitive Urban Design

Water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) has been widely used in cities to mitigate the negative consequences of urbanization and climate change. One of the WSUD strategies that is becoming popular is green roofs (GR) which offer a wide range of ecosystem services. Research on this WSUD strategy has been continuously increasing in terms of both quantity and quality. This paper presents a comprehensive review quantifying the benefits of GRs in papers published since 2010. More precisely, this review aims to provide up-to-date information about each GR benefit and how they have improved over the last decade. In agreement with previous reviews, extensive GRs were considerably researched, as compared to very limited studies on intensive and semi-intensive GRs. Each GR ecosystem service was specifically quantified, and an imbalance of GR research focus was identified, wherein urban heat- and runoff-related benefits were outstandingly popular when compared to other benefits. The results also highlight the recent introduction of hybrid GRs, which demonstrated improvements in GR performance. Furthermore, limitations of GRs, obstacles to their uptake, and inconsistent research findings were also identified in this review. Accordingly, opportunities for future research were pointed out in this review. This paper also recommends future studies to improve upon well-known GR benefits by exploring and applying more innovative GR construction techniques and materials. At the same time, further studies need to be undertaken on inadequately studied GR benefits, such as reduced noise and air pollution. In spite of the existence of reliable modelling tools, their application to study the effects of large-scale implementations of GRs has been restricted. Insufficient information from such research is likely to restrict large-scale implementations of GRs. As a result, further studies are required to transform the GR concept into one of the widely accepted and implemented WSUD strategies.

The current state of the legislative implementation of criminal law policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Ostrohliad
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
Current State ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Legal Technology ◽  
Logical Semantic

Purpose. The aim of the work is to consider the novelties of the legislative work, which provide for the concept and classification of criminal offenses in accordance with the current edition of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the draft of the new Code developed by the working group and put up for public discussion. Point out the gaps in the current legislation and the need to revise individual rules of the project in this aspect. The methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of appropriate conclusions and recommendations. During the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, logical-semantic, system-structural, logical-normative, comparative-historical. Results In the course of the study, it was determined that despite the fact that the amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine came into force in July of this year, their perfection, in terms of legal technology, raises many objections. On the basis of a comparative study, it was determined that the Draft Criminal Code of Ukraine needs further revision taking into account the opinions of experts in the process of public discussion. Originality. In the course of the study, it was established that the classification of criminal offenses proposed in the new edition of the Criminal Code of Ukraine does not stand up to criticism, since other elements of the classification appear in subsequent articles, which are not covered by the existing one. The draft Code, using a qualitatively new approach to this issue, retains the elements of the previous classification and has no practical significance in law enforcement. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in law-making activities to improve the norms of the current Criminal Code, to classify criminal offenses, as well as to further improve the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine.

ESTIMASI HASIL AIR DARI DAERAH TANGKAPAN AIR DANAU RAWA PENING DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL INVEST

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Nunung Puji Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Integrated Valuation ◽  
Valuation Of Ecosystem Services

<p class="JudulABSInd"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="abstrak">Informasi hasil air dari suatu ekosistem sangat penting dalam pengelolaan sumber daya air. Dalam perencanaan kegiatan konservasi sumber daya air, informasi sebaran spasial hasil air diperlukan untuk menentukan prioritas wilayah terkait dengan alokasi anggaran. Hasil air dari suatu ekosistem atau daerah aliran sungai (DAS) dapat diestimasi dengan menggunakan model hidrologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang hasil air, baik besaran maupun sebaran spasialnya, dari daerah tangkapan air (DTA) Danau Rawa Pening. Hasil air dari lokasi penelitian dihitung dengan menggunakan model hasil air pada InVEST (<em>the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs</em>), yang didasarkan pada pendekatan neraca air. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa volume hasil air di DTA Danau Rawa Pening pada tahun 2015 adalah sekitar 337 juta m<sup>3</sup>. SubDAS Galeh, sebagai subDAS terluas, merupakan penghasil air terbesar (72,4 juta m<sup>3</sup>) diikuti oleh subDAS Sraten (66,8 juta m<sup>3</sup>) dan Parat (62,4 juta m<sup>3</sup>). Secara spasial, hasil air di lokasi kajian mempunyai nilai antara 0 hingga 29.634,19 m<sup>3</sup>/ha. Wilayah hulu dan tengah subDAS Sraten secara umum mempunyai hasil air yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan wilayah danau dan sekitarnya serta hulu subDAS Galeh mempunyai hasil air yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan wilayah lainnya. Wilayah dengan hasil air tinggi dapat diprioritaskan dalam kegiatan konservasi sumber daya air untuk mendukung pasokan air ke Danau Rawa Pening.</p><p><strong><em>Kata kunci</em></strong><em>: hasil air, daerah tangkapan air, model InVEST, Danau Rawa Pening</em><em></em></p><p class="judulABS"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstrakeng">Accurate information on water yield from an ecosystem is very important in the management of water resources. In the planning of water resources conservation activities, the information on the spatial distribution of water yield is needed to determine regional priorities related to budget allocations. The water yield from an ecosystem or watershed can be estimated using a hydrological model. This study aimed to obtain information about the water yield, both the magnitude and their spatial distribution, from the catchment areas of Lake Rawa Pening. The water yield from the study area was calculated using the water yield model in InVEST (the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs), which based on the water balance approach. The results indicated that the volume of water yield in Lake Rawa Pening for 2015 is approximately 337 million m<sup>3</sup>. Galeh subwatershed, as the largest subwatershed, is the largest water producer (72.4 million m<sup>3</sup>), followed by Sraten subwatershed (66.8 million m<sup>3</sup>) and Parat subwatershed (62.4 million m<sup>3</sup>). Spatially, the water yield at the study site has a value between 0 to 29,634.19 m<sup>3</sup>/ha. Upstream and middle areas of Sraten subwatershed generally have higher water yield, while the lake and its surrounding areas as well as the upstream of Galeh subwatershed have lower water yield compared to other regions. The regions with high water yield can be prioritized in water resource conservation activities to support the supply of water to Lake Rawa Pening.</p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: water yield, catchment areas, InVEST model, Lake Rawa Pening</em><em></em></p>

Monetäre Bewertung von Ökosystemleistungen: eine kritische Sicht auf einige Kritiken (Essay)

2017 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Elsasser
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Monetary Valuation ◽  
Intrinsic Values ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
Valuation Of Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Valuations

Monetary valuation of ecosystem services: a critical view of some critiques (essay) Diverse objections against the monetary valuation of ecosystem services are being raised in transdisciplinary discussions as well as in the scientific literature. The monetary valuation is said to overlook nature's intrinsic values, to infringe ethical norms, to narrow down perspectives to economic welfare alone, or even to nothing but material well-being, to stimulate the commercialisation of nature – conversely, others criticize that it fails exactly in this respect –, to favour social inequality, and to rely upon undependable methods. This essay questions the cogency of these criticisms and highlights some prejudices and misconceptions, often rooted in an erroneous understanding of the function of environmental valuations in the political decision process.

SPORTS BRAND AMBASSADORS AS A MARKETING PROMOTION TOOL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Элиза Александровна Петрова ◽  
Ольга Александровна Артемьева
Keyword(s):  
International Experience ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
Brand Ambassadors

В статье автор рассматривает использование бренд-амбассадора как инструмента маркетинга; особое внимание уделяется изучению его сущности, сильных и слабых сторон, в том числе на практических примерах; рассмотрен международный опыт использования лидеров мнений как представителей спортивных брендов или коллекций; приведена классификация амбассадоров спортивных. In the article, the author considers the use of a brand ambassador as a marketing tool; special attention is paid to the study of its essence, strengths and weaknesses, including practical examples; also the international experience of using opinion leaders as representatives of sports brands or collections is considered; at the end of the article the classification of sports ambassadors is given.

scholarly journals Land-Management Options for Greenhouse Gas Removal and Their Impacts on Ecosystem Services and the Sustainable Development Goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Smith ◽  
Justin Adams ◽  
David J. Beerling ◽  
Tim Beringer ◽  
Katherine V. Calvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Wetland Restoration ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Gas Removal ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Removal

Land-management options for greenhouse gas removal (GGR) include afforestation or reforestation (AR), wetland restoration, soil carbon sequestration (SCS), biochar, terrestrial enhanced weathering (TEW), and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). We assess the opportunities and risks associated with these options through the lens of their potential impacts on ecosystem services (Nature's Contributions to People; NCPs) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We find that all land-based GGR options contribute positively to at least some NCPs and SDGs. Wetland restoration and SCS almost exclusively deliver positive impacts. A few GGR options, such as afforestation, BECCS, and biochar potentially impact negatively some NCPs and SDGs, particularly when implemented at scale, largely through competition for land. For those that present risks or are least understood, more research is required, and demonstration projects need to proceed with caution. For options that present low risks and provide cobenefits, implementation can proceed more rapidly following no-regrets principles.

scholarly journals Emergy as a Tool to Evaluate Ecosystem Services: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7102
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina V. Nadalini ◽  
Ricardo de Araujo Kalid ◽  
Ednildo Andrade Torres
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Valuation Of Ecosystem Services ◽  
Emergy Evaluation

The objective of this paper is to present a review of current research on the valuation of ecosystem services, using emergy evaluation methodology (EME). A bibliometric analysis and a systematic review were carried out between 2000 and 2020, using all of Web of Science database subfields that collected 187 papers, selected through the keywords “emergy” and “ecosystem services”. In the second part of the research, we carried out a new search on Web of Science of the 187 initial articles produced, with the words “valuation” and “economic”, in order to analyze those directly related to the evaluation of ecosystem services. The results showed that the EME method is an effective tool to evaluate ecosystem services, since it relates economic and ecological aspects in the evaluations. The research also indicated that the use of isolated methods does not appear to be the most appropriate solution, and that emergy used in combination with other methodologies can be used to obtain more accurate and comprehensive results to evaluate natural resources.

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