scholarly journals Weed Growth and Lowland Rice Production as Affected by Planting Patterns and Rice Varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Dwi Fajar Rianto ◽  
Dwi Guntoro ◽  
Edi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Weeds are one of the most limiting factors in rice cultivation. This study aims to evaluate the eff ects of rice planting patterns on the prevalence of several weed species, Cyperus iria, Echinochloa crusgalli, Fimbristylis miliacea, Leptochloa chinensis, Ludwigia octovalvis, and Spenoclea zeylanica, and to discuss the implications on rice production systems. The research was conducted in IPB Sawah Baru experimental farm in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, from December 2017 to April 2018. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with two factors, rice varieties and rice planting methods. The rice varieties, “IPB 3S” and “Ciherang”, were assigned as the main plot, whereas planting methods, i.e. 25x25 tile, Legowo 2:1 (double rows), Legowo 4:1 (quadruple rows), as sub-plots. The results showed that in the “IPB 3S” plots L. octovalvis shoot dry weight decreased by 33.0%, the root dry weight of L. chinensis roots decreased by 22.6%, and the number of S. zeylanica weed leaves decreased by 28.4% compared to the plots planted with “Ciherang”. With legowo 2:1 planting method the dry weights of L. octovalvis decreased by 21.5%, L. octovalvis by 1.7%, and L. chinensis by 4.4%, and the number of weeds E. crus-galli by 7.0 % compared to Tegel 25x25 method. L. chinensis seemed to be a dominant weed at both vegetative and generative stage of rice development.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth and Physiological Responses of Three Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties to Elevated Temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Dede Yudo Kurniawan ◽  
Ahmad Junaedi ◽  
Iskandar Lubis ◽  
Titi Candra Sunarti
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

Temperature is a primary factor that affects the rate of plant development and has great impacts on plant growth, metabolism, and yield. A study was conducted to analyze the effects of elevated temperature on rice morphological and the physiological growth. The research was arranged in a nested randomized block design consisting of two factors, temperatures and rice varieties. Elevated temperatures were provided through the uses of different materials of plastic roof and walls to have an average and maximum temperature of 27.6 °C and 41.6 °C (T1); 28.1°C and 43.8 °C (T2), and 29.5°C and 47.1 C (T3), respectively. The study used three varieties of rice, “Ciasem”, “Ciherang”, and “IR64”. All rice varieties showed signifi cant increases in tiller number per hill and shoot dry weight, but had a decrease in the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and SPAD values at grain fi lling stage with the increasing temperatures. The number of tiller per hill increased when temperature was elevated from 27.6 to 28.1 and 29.5°C by about 29.9 and 21.3%, respectively.

scholarly journals Planting recommendations for yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) in lowland conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 564-569
Author(s):  
Mateus Augusto Lima Quaresma ◽  
Fábio Luiz de Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo F Rocha ◽  
Ariany das Graças Teixeira ◽  
Diego Mathias Natal da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Planting Method

The purpose of this work was to test yacon planting practices in low elevation conditions. The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD) with subdivided plots and four replications. Treatments comprised of three planting methods: furrow; ridges and pits; each treatment was divided into subplots, which were four planting depths: 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm. The following variables were tested: sprouting speed, vigorous sprouting rate, average time for sprouting, rhizophore mortality rate, soil temperature and moisture, shoot dry weight, and yield of rhizophores, tuberous roots, total yield, and marketable tuberous roots. The planting methods using pits and furrows had lower seedling mortality rates (30,2 and 41,4% compared to ridges), while furrow led to a higher total tuber yield (17,5 and 18,9% higher than ridges and pits), using depths of 5 and 10 cm. The system with pits also achieved significant yields at 10 cm depth. Using ridges as the planting method would be possible, at depths of 10 and 15 cm, but yields would be lowered. For the conditions of this study, the highest yield of marketable roots was obtained using furrow at 5 and 10 cm of panting depth

Interaction of Mesorhizobia, Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and different Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes for Nitrogen Fixing and Yield Attributing traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minakshi Kalkal ◽  
Krishan Kumar ◽  
Radhey Sham Waldia ◽  
Surjit Singh Dudeja
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Uninoculated Control

Twenty genotypes of chickpea were evaluated to study the interaction of chickpea genotypes, mesorhizobial strains and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza for 14 nitrogen fixing and yield attributing traits viz. days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g), number of nodules per plant, nodule weight per plant (g), root dry weight per plant (g), shoot dry weight per plant (g), nitrogen content in shoot (%), nitrogen content in grain (%) and VAM infection(%). The analysis of variance revealed the existence of significant amount of genetic variability in the material for all the traits. All the genotypes were treated with three treatments separately (Mesorhizobium sp. Strain CH 1233 (S1); Mesorhizobium sp. Strain CH 810 (S2); vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) (Glomus fasiculatum) and one set was used as uninoculated control. These were grown separately following randomized block design with three replications in each treatment. Comparative analysis indicated the differences between the treatments and behaviour of the genotypes in different environments. In general S1 and VAM showed beneficial interaction for maximum number of traits for all the genotypes. The effect of VAM was the most apparent among treatments. On overall basis, genotypes viz. HC 3, HC 5, GL 94022, ICC 5003LN, HK 2, GNG 663 and BG 362 were observed to be better performing and responsive to bio inoculants having one or more superior traits. These genotypes performing better for specific traits can be used as parents in hybridization programme for improvement of that particular trait.

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit Salak (Salacca Zallaca) terhadap Dosis Spora Endomikoriza pada Media Pembawa Pasir Kuarsa dan Zeolit

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
NI KADEK ARYANI ◽  
I NYOMAN RAI ◽  
NI NYOMAN ARI MAYADEWI
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf P

Response of Salak Seedlings (Salacca Zallaca) Growth to Dosage of Endomycorrhizal Spore in Quartz Sand and Zeolite Carrier Media. This study aimed to study the effect of endomycorrhizal spore dosage and carrier media that were applied directly to the roots of salak plants. The research designed as factorisl by using Randomized Block Design with 2 treatment factors. The first factor was number of endomycorrhiza spores consists of 4 levels i.e 0, 75, 150, and 225 spores per 500 g carrier media per polybag, while the second factor was the type of carrier media consist of 2 levels i.e zeolite and quartz sand. The results showed that interaction between endomycorrhizal spore dosage with   carrier   media   did   not   significantly   influence   the   growth   of   salak   seedlings. Endomycorrhizal spores in doses of 75, 150 and 225 spores per polybag increased root infection and leaf P nutrient content compared to control, but seed height, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and total dry weight of seedlings not significantly difference. The zeolite carrier media caused root infection by mycorrhizal was higher than quartz sand media, but the P nutrient uptake and seedling growth were not significantly different. Based on the results of this study it is necessary to make a longer observation of the effect of endomycorrhizal spore doses and carrier media on the growth of salak seedlings.

scholarly journals SOYBEAN GROWTH AND YIELD WITH APPLICATION OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER AND ORGANIC MATTER

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Lely Wahidah Nasution ◽  
Chairani Hanum ◽  
Hamidah Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Effective Use

AbstractSoybean is useful for tofu, tempe, soy sauce and soy milk. The effective use of fertilizer and organic application can increase soybean productivity. The objective of this research was to study the growth and yield of various soybean varieties on application of phospate fertilizer and organic matter. This research was conducted in North Binjai and Research and Technology Laboratory Agriculture Faculty Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan on May-September 2016. The method used Randomized Block Design with 3 factors. The first factor is soybean varieties consisting of: (Argomulyo, Dering, Dena, Kaba, Gema, Grobogan and Wilis), fertilization of phosphate (control and 150 kg/ha) and organic material application (control, Blotong 10 ton/ha and POEFBC/Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches Compost 10 ton / Ha). The results of this research showed that the seven varieties of soybean had characteristic differences on shoot dry weight, age of flowering, age of harvest, phospate uptake and dry weight of 100 seed. The longest flowering and harvesting age is obtained in Wilis, while the shortest age is Grobogan. The highest uptake of P in Argomulyo with treatment without organic matter and phospate fertilizer. Kaba variety with blotong treatment has the highest dry seed weight.Keywords : Organic Matter, Phosphate Fertilizer, Soybean Varieties

scholarly journals Effect of seedling age on growth and yield of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties transplanted in Saline Coastal Area of Baros, Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Riza Afrinda ◽  
Budiastuti Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Marginal land along the coast should be utilized to increase the national rice production. In addition, the use of saline resistant varieties, it is necessary to determine the best seedling age for saline soil. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield responses of two rice varieties transplanted at different seedling age on saline soil. The experiment was arranged in a factorial Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, conducted at saline coastal area of Baros, Yogyakarta, starting from January to June 2017. The first factor was rice varieties, consisting of Dendang and IR-64. Meanwhile, the second factor was the seedling age, consisting of 2 and 4 weeks after sowing (WAS) seedlings. The results showed that the growth and yield of two rice varieties (Dendang and IR-64) showed significant difference, and Dendang showed a better performance than IR-64. The higher yield of Dendang compared to IR-64 was supported by higher plant growth (shoot dry weight) and yield components (number of seeds per panicle, seed weight per plot, and productivity). The 2 and 4 WAS seedlings did not give significantly different effects on nearly all growth variables. However, 2 WAS Dendang rice seedlings had higher shoot dry weight. Meanwhile, IR-64 had higher leaf greenness in 4 WAS seedlings compared to that in 2 WAS seedlings.

scholarly journals The Success of Root Cuttings is Endangered Kalapi (Kalappia celebica Kosterm.) by Giving Rootone-F Growth Regulator

Jurnal Wasian ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Febryani Febryani ◽  
◽  
Faisal Tuheteru ◽  
Asrianti Arif ◽  
Husna Husna
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Endangered Tree ◽  
Endangered Tree Species ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association

Kalapi (Kalappia celebica Kosterm.) is endemic in Sulawesi and Endangered species. Plant propagation needs to be done but is constrained by limited seeds. Vegetative propagation of plants can be an alternative method such as using the root cutting technique that has been done previously on other types of species. This study aims to determine the success of vegetative propagation of kalapi (K. celebica), an endangered tree species by root cuttings using Rootone F. as root growth regulator. The research took place from March to June 2019 conducted at the plastic house of the Indonesian Mycorrhizal Association (AMI) Southeast Sulawesi Branch, Kendari. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 6 treatments of Rootone-F concentration : (a) 0 ppm, (b) 100 ppm, (c) 200 ppm, (d) 300 ppm, (e) 400 ppm and (f) 500 ppm. Each treatment was repeated three times and three units of the plant so that the total experimental unit used was 54 units. The results showed that the provision of Rootone-F could increase the success of the growth of kalapi root cuttings. Rootone-F concentration of 500 ppm gives the best results on the percentage of cuttings, percentage of sprouts, percentage of roots, number of shoots and shoot dry weight. The results showed that kalapi can be propagated by root cuttings.

scholarly journals Parthenium hysterophorus Herbage Mulching: a Potential Source of Weeds Control in Soybean (Glycine max)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. SIDDIQUI ◽  
S. KHALID ◽  
M. SHEHZAD ◽  
Z.A. SHAH ◽  
A. AHMAD
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Weeds Control ◽  
Weight Number

ABSTRACT: Weeds have indirect effects on crop plants. Crop development is affected by allelopathy from certain weed species. Allelochemicals from allelopathic weeds can disturb the root and shoot growth of emerging crop seedlings, as well as cause several other types of damage. A study was carried out to investigate the allelopathic potential of Parthenium hysterophorus for weed response in soybean. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements and replicated thrice. Sowing methods (broadcast and line sowing) were kept in the main plot and mulching treatments (surface mulching and soil incorporation) were kept in the sub-plots. Mulching of Parthenium hysterophorus was applied at the rate of 1.0 t ha-1, 2.5 t ha-1, 5 t ha-1 with control (no parthenium). Manual weed control was also used as treatments. The results revealed that significantly higher shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weigh, root dry weight, number of nodules per plant, nodules fresh and dry weight, number of branches, number of pods per plant, thousand seed weight biological yield, economic yield, dry matter yield and harvest index were recorded with the soil incorporation of Parthenium herbage at the rate of 2.5 t ha-1. Maximum weed density and weed dry biomass were recorded in control plots while weed control efficiency was seen greater in plots where Parthenium herbage was applied to surface at the rate of 5 t ha-1. The results suggested that the use of Parthenium hysterophorus herbage mulching can reduce infestation of weeds by its allelopathic effects and increase the yield of soybean under sub-humid agro-climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of rice fields with posbidik compost and jajar legowo planting system

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
I Ketut Suweta ◽  
Hertasning Yatim ◽  
Mihwan Sataral
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Planting System

Posbidik compost is an innovative product that is expected to solve the scarcity of subsidized fertilizers for farmers. The principle of the jajar legowo planting system is to increase plant population and lowland rice production. This study aimed to determine the influence of posbidik compost and jajar legowo planting system on the growth and yield of Ciherang rice varieties. This study was conducted on irrigation paddy fields owned by farmers in West Toili District, Banggai Regency, in August-December 2020. This study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 factors, namely posbidik compost consisting of 3 levels, namely: K1 = 5 tons/ha; K2 = 7.5 tons/ha; K3 = 10 tons / ha, and planting system legowo 2:1 line consisting of 3 levels, namely: L1 = 20 x 10 x 40 cm; L2 = 25 x 12.5 x 50 cm; L3 = 30 x 15 x 60 cm. The results showed that the interaction of posbidik compost and jajar legowo planting system does not affect the plant height; however, it affects the number of productive tillers, the weight of 1000 grains and productivity. The results showed that the best performance of the yield rice in the treatments of 7.5 tons/ha posbidik dose with planting space of 25 x 12.5 x 50 cm.

scholarly journals RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PADI TERHADAP JARAK TANAM PADA LAHAN TADAH HUJAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGAIRAN INTERMITTENT

Agrin ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruminta Ruminta ◽  
Agus Wahyudin ◽  
Syaza Sakinah
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Intermittent Irrigation

Peningkatan produksi padi untuk mencapai kebutuhan pangan nasional diperlukan paket teknik budidayayang baik yang meliputi varietas padi unggul, pemupukan, jarak tanam, dan sistem pengairan yang tepat. Telahdilakukan penelitian budidaya padi menggunakan varietas padi, jarak tanam dan sistem pengairan intermittentpada lahan sawah tadah hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui varietas padi dan jarak tanam yang tepatpada sistem pengairan intermitten di lahan tadah hujan. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2014 pada lahan tadahhujan dengan ketinggian tempat 765 m dpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan enamperlakuan yang merupakan kombinasi dari dua varietas padi (Ciherang dan Sintanur) dan tiga perlakuan jaraktanam (25x25 cm, 30x30 cm, dan 25x25x50 cm atau legowo 2:1) yang diulang empat kali. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa jarak tanam legowo 2:1 pada sistem pengairan intermittent merupakan perlakuan terbaikdalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi baik Ciherang maupun Sintanur.Kata kunci: varietas Ciherang dan Sintanur, jarak tanam, padi, pengairan intermittenABSTRACTEffort to increase rice production for achieve the demands of national food needed a good cultivationtechniques such as high-yielding rice varieties, fertilization, plant spacing, and proper irrigation system.Experiment of rice cultivation had been carried out using varieties of rice, row spacing, and irrigation system inthe rain-fed lands. This experiment aims to know the proper varieties of rice and row spacing on intermittentirrigation system in rain-fed land. The Experiment was conducted in 2014 at the rain-fed land with altitude 765 mabove sea level. Randomized Block Design was used with six treatment is a combination of two rice varieties(Ciherang and Sintanur) and three treatment space (25x25 cm, 30x30 cm, and 25x25x50 cm or Legowo 2: 1) andfour times replicating. The results showed that the row spacing of 25x25x50 cm or Legowo 2: 1 in the intermittentirrigation system is the best treatment to increase growth and yield of rice plants both Ciherang and Sintanur.Key words: Ciherang and Sintanur varities, row spacing, rice, intermittent irrigation

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