scholarly journals The Ameliorative Effects of L-Carnitine against Cisplatin-Induced Gonadal Toxicity in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Adham Omar Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Gonadal Toxicity

Cisplatin (CP) is a highly efficient remedy in cancer treatment, but it adversely affects the testicular tissue. This work assessed the ameliorative efficacy of Lcarnitine (LC) against CP induced oxidative stress in rat testis, via investigating testosterone level and tissue oxidative/antioxidant parameters, histological alterations, and immunohistochemical expressions of intermediate filaments (IFs) proteins; vimentin (VIM) and cytokeratin 18 (CK18). Twenty-eight rats were assigned into four groups (7 rats each) as follows; groups I and II received saline and LC (100 mg/kg b.wt.) respectively orally once daily for 30 days; group III were injected with a single dose of CP (7.5 mg/kg, IP), 27 days after starting the experiment. Group IV received both LC and CP. Injection of CP significantly decreased serum testosterone and glutathione reductase and catalase in the testicular tissues and elevated malondialdehyde. Histologically, testes of the CP treated group revealed marked degenerative changes. Also, overexpression of both VIM and CK18 in testicular tissues were recorded. However, the administration of LC with CP restored the biochemical parameters, histological and immunohistochemical pictures towards the normalcy. Accordingly, LC is recommended as a supplement with chemotherapy to ameliorate its oxidative stress. This is the first study investigating the immunohistochemical expressions of IFs proteins, VIM and CK18, following administration of LC as a protective agent against CP induced testicular toxicity in rats

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals Effect of concurrent exposure of toxic concentrations of lead and endosulfan on oxidative stress indices in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Ranganathan V ◽  
◽  
Malik JK ◽  
Rao GS ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Toxic Concentrations

The effect of concurrent exposure of toxic concentrations of lead and endosulfan were evaluated on oxidative stress parameters in male wistar rats. Group I served as untreated control whereas Group II received drinking water containing lead as lead acetate @1000 ppm (Pb1000). Group III was exposed to feed containing technical grade endosulfan @ 100 ppm (E100). Group IV was exposed to Pb (1000) +E (100). All the treatments were given daily for 28 days. Combination of lead and endosulfan modified the indices of oxidative stress in the parameters such as lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in rats as compared to their individual compounds. The results suggest that the combination of these individual compounds may have the potential to modify oxidative stress produced by single compounds in male rats

scholarly journals Pathomechanism of Insulin Resistance in Men with Central Obesity: Correlation of GGT, GPx, hs-CRP and Plasma Total Cysteine

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritawaty Ritawaty ◽  
Indriyanti Rafi Sukmawati ◽  
Ilhamjaya Patellongi ◽  
Ferry Sandra
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Hs Crp

BACKGROUND: Gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) was reported recently to be associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and increased amino acid. However, role of GGT in insulin resistance pathomechanism is not exactly known. Therefore correlation of GGT with inflammation, oxidative stress and elevated amino acid, in men with central obesity need to be confirmed.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was designed. Men with central obesity were recruited and selected. Anthropometric parameters, creatinine, hs-CRP, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, GGT, plasma total cysteine (tCys) and fatty liver were measured. Subjects were then divided in 4 groups based on waist circumference (WC) and fatty liver: Group I: WC ≤100 cm, without fatty liver; Group II: WC ≤100 cm, with fatty liver; Group III: WC >100 cm, without fatty liver; Group IV: WC >100 cm, with fatty liver. All biochemical characteristics in each group were then statistically analyzed.RESULTS: Seventy-two men with central obesity were selected. Numbers of subjects in each group were: Group I: n=33; Group II: n=5; Group III: n=17; Group IV: n=17. We found significant difference of HOMA-IR between Group I and IV, significant correlation between GGT and HOMAIR, and significant negative correlation between tCys with HOMA-IR in Group IV.CONCLUSION: GGT was significantly correlated with HOMA-IR in men with WC >100 cm and fatty liver. Further investigation with more subjects is necessary to determine clear GGT cut-off to distinguish subjects with fatty liver and insulin resistance.KEYWORDS: GGT, hs-CRP, GPx, tCys, HOMA-IR, insulin resistance

scholarly journals The Natural Antioxidants Curcumin and Silymarin Afforded Hepatoprotective Effects against Deferasirox-Induced Hepatotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enass Y. Osman ◽  
Souzan E. Abo-Elnasr ◽  
Shaimaa Mohammed Zaher ◽  
Norhan Ahmed AbuoHashish
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects

Abstract Deferasirox belongs to a new is a bishydroxyphenyltriazoles iron chelator used for treatment of chronic iron overload. The use of Deferasirox is associated with hepatotoxicity. Silymarin is a benzo gamma-pyrones flavonoid which affords hepatoprotection and preserves hepatocyte membranes by its antioxidant effect. Curcumin is a poly-phenol compound naturally concentrated in the herb Curcuma longa. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective effects of both silymarin and curcumin against deferasirox-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and to explore the potential mechanisms account for their hepatoprotective effects. The present study was carried out using 32 male wistar randomly assigned into 4 groups (8 rats each) as follows; Group1: served as normal control group in which rats received distilled water (0.5ml per rat) by oral gavage. Group II (Deferasirox group) in which hepatotoxicity was induced by oral administration of deferasirox in a dose of 100 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks dissolved in distilled water for a concentration of 35mg/ml. Group III (deferasirox+ curcumin) in which rats received curcumin in a dose of 100 mg/kg daily dose by oral gavage for 4 weeks suspended in distilled water for a concentration of 35 mg/ml one hour before administration of deferasirox. Group IV (deferasirox+ silymarin) in which rats received silymarin in dose of 7.56 mg/kg once daily by oral gavage for 4 weeks suspended in distilled water for a concentration of 2.7mg/ml one hour before administration of deferasirox. At the end of the treatment period, all rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, blood samples were collected for measurement of ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin. Liver samples were used for measurement of MDA, GSH and IL-6. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry were also done. The present data revealed that rats pretreated with curcumin or silymarin exhibited significant reduction in ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, IL-6 and MDA levels with significant elevation of GSH level compared to deferasirox group. In-between group comparison revealed that there was a more significant reduction in ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, IL-6 and MDA in group IV compared to group III. In conclusion, both curcumin and silymarin represent natural protective agents against Deferasirox-induced hepatotoxicity due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

scholarly journals Selenium supplementation ameliorated paraquat-induced haemotoxicity in male rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Group V ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Haematological Changes

Introduction: The study was aimed at determining the haematological changes induced by 7 days paraquat exposure in rats and the ameliorative effect of selenium. Methods: Fifty-two adult male rats weighing between 150g and 200g were used for the study. The animals re randomly divided into five (5) groups of eight (8) rats each viz: Group I (DW) was administered distilled water only (2 ml/kg), group II (P1) was paraquat 15 mg/kg, group III (P1 + S) was paraquat (15 mg/kg) and selenium (0.3 mg/kg) an hour later, group IV (P2) was paraquat 30 mg/kg, while group V (P2 + S) was paraquat (30 mg/kg) and selenium (0.3 mg/kg) an hour later. Treatments were administered per os by gavage once daily for a week. Blood samples were analysed on the last day of administration. Results: The results of the study revealed that there were no significant differences (p >0.05) in haematological parameters in paraquat-induced toxicity in rats. Significance: The result of this research has shown that 7 days paraquat administration at 15 and 30 mg/kg has no detrimental effect on haematological parameters in rats, thus selenium supplementation cannot be justified to ameliorate its effect.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Fenugreek Seeds and Curcumin on Hematotoxicity induced by Nicotine in Male Albino Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Azab Elsayed Azab ◽  
Mohamed Omar Albasha ◽  
Manal Abuelkasem Elnaif
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds and curcumin on hematotoxicity induced by nicotine in male albino rats. 30 male F-344/NHsd Fischer rats, weighing from 180 to 200g were used in the present study. The animals were divided into five groups (6 rats for each); Group I (control group), Group II (nicotine treated group), Group III (nicotine/fenugreek seeds co-administered), Group IV (nicotine/curcumin co-administered), and Group V (nicotine/curcumin& fenugreek seeds co-administered). At the end of the experimentation and 24 hours after the last dose, all animals were anaesthetized with ether and blood samples were collected by heart puncture. The samples were collected in clean dry tubes containing the anticoagulant substance EDTA and used for the hematological studies. The results showed that the animals treated with nicotine for 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, MCH, MCHC, and platelets count, and increased MCV and WBCs count as compared to the control group. Co-administration of nicotine with fenugreek and/or curcumin caused improvement in all hematological parameters when compared with nicotine group. It can be concluded that nicotine had a strong effect on the hematological parameters. The ingestion of fenugreek and/or curcumin prevent the hematoxicity induced by nicotine. The current study suggests that fenugreek and curcumin may be useful in combating free radical-induced hematotoxicity induced by nicotine.

scholarly journals Methyl Gallate Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats by Suppressing Oxidative Stress

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Akheruz Zaman Ahmed ◽  
Shakta Mani Satyam ◽  
Prakashchandra Shetty ◽  
Melanie Rose D’Souza
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Ii

Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. The present study was aimed to investigate the cardioprotective potential of methyl gallate; an active polyphenolic nutraceutical, against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Twenty-four female Wistar rats (150–200 g) were divided into four groups (n = 6) which consist of normal control (group I), doxorubicin control (group II), test-A (group III), and test-B (group IV). Group III and group IV animals were prophylactically treated with methyl gallate 150 mg/kg/day and 300 mg/kg/day orally, respectively, for seven days. Doxorubicin (25 mg/kg; single dose) was administered through an intraperitoneal route to group II, III, and IV animals on the seventh day to induce acute cardiotoxicity. On the 8th day, besides ECG analysis, serum CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, MDA, and GSH were assayed. Following gross examination of isolated hearts, histopathological evaluation was performed by light microscopy. A significant ( p  < 0.05) cardiac injury, as well as oxidative stress, was observed in doxorubicin control rats in comparison to normal control rats. Methyl gallate at both the doses significantly ( p  < 0.05) reduced doxorubicin-induced ECG changes, dyslipidaemia, and elevation of CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, MDA and increased GSH level. Methyl gallate reversed the doxorubicin-induced histopathological changes in the heart. The present study revealed that methyl gallate exerts cardioprotection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in female Wistar rats by suppressing oxidative stress. Our study opens the perspective to clinical studies for consideration of methyl gallate as a potential chemoprotectant nutraceutical in the combination chemotherapy with doxorubicin to limit its cardiotoxicity.

scholarly journals Effects of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) Extracts on the Levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in Cataract Goat Lenses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Feriyani Feriyani ◽  
Hady Maulanza ◽  
Rodiah Rahmawaty Lubis ◽  
Ummu Balqis ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Group I ◽  
High Oxidative Stress

Cataracts are one of the most causes of blindness in the world. Oxidative stress can form pathological conditions such as cataracts. This oxidative stress ability can be measured by the malondialdehyde (MDA) biomarker. Binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) are native plants from Indonesia that are used to treat various diseases including cataract treatment. Binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) has a high amount of flavonoids and is rich in antioxidants that can be used to treat cataracts. Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of binahong leaf extract on the levels of MDA in a goat lens with cataract-induced material. Method. As many as possible, 40 goat eye lenses were divided into several groups, namely, group I normal lenses as controls (glucose 5.5 mM), group II lenses were cataract induced with glucose concentration of 55 mM, group III lenses with glucose 55 mM + binahong leaf extract (100 μg/ml), group IV lens with glucose 55 mM + binahong leaf extract (200 μg/ml), and group V lens with glucose 55 mM + quercetin (positive control). Biochemical parameters measured in the lens homogenate are malondialdehyde lens morphology in all groups’ observations and comparisons made. Results. The results of the study found that the lens group with the addition of binahong extract showed more results transparency compared to lens groups induced by glucose concentrations of 55 mM). This shows that the diabetic cataract group experienced high oxidative stress due to the accumulation of sorbitol compounds derived from glucose which caused turbidity in the goat eye lens and increased levels of lens MDA. Binahong levels at concentrations of 100 or 200 can inhibit MDA production. Conclusion. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) extract has the ability to inhibit the production of MDA levels. In glucose-induced goat lenses, binahong extract and quercetin show antioxidant and anticataract properties.

scholarly journals Modulation of oxidative stress by enalapril and valsartan in adrenaline treated rats: a comparative study

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Huda ◽  
N Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

Angiotensin (Ang II) II is known to promote oxidative stress in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Inhibition of renin angiotensin system (RAS) or blockade of Ang II receptors may therefore be effective in reducing oxidative stress during AMI. The study evaluates and compares the protective effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and AT1 receptor blocker in adrenaline induced oxidative stress in rats. Rats were treated with two successive injections of adrenaline subcutaneously at a dose of 2 mg/kg administered 24 hours apart. In other two groups of rats enalapril (30 mg/kg) or valsartan (30 mg/kg) were given orally once daily through intragastric tube for 2 weeks and then two injections of adrenaline were administered 24 hours apart. Serum Aspertate Transaminase (AST), plasma Malonde Aldehyde (MDA), erythrocyte GSH and serum vitamin E levels were measured 24 hours after the 2nd injection of adrenaline in all the groups. Administration of adrenaline caused significant increase (p<0.001) in serum AST and plasma MDA levels and decrease (p<0.001) in erythrocyte GSH and serum vitamin E levels. Pre-treatment of enalapril or valsartan for 14 days reduced (p<0.001) serum AST and plasma MDA levels and increased the concentration of erythrocyte GSH in enalapril pre-treated group (p<0.01) and in valsartan pre-treated group (p<0.05). Pre-treatment of enalapril or valsartan also increased (p<0.01) serum vitamin E levels in adrenaline treated rats. However, no significant difference was noted between the effect of enalapril and valsartan on serum AST, plasma MDA, erythrocyte GSH and serum vitamin E levels. It may be concluded that both enalapril and valsartan offered cardioprotection in adrenaline induced oxidative stress, but the protection afforded by valsartan was not superior to enalapril. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v40i1.20333 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2014; 40: 25-30

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-oxidative properties of Tinosporacordifoliain Alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-426
Author(s):  
Kumud Ranjan Thakur ◽  
S.R. Padmadeo ◽  
Vikash Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Pancreatic Cell ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Range Test

Introduction and Aim: Type 2 Diabetes is a complex heterogenous disorder with marked hyperglycemia, reduced insulin sensitivity, increased oxidative stress, and altered carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Increased oxidative stress is a key factor for the reduced pancreatic ? cell arose due to prolonged hyperglycemia. The present investigation admits ethanolic extract of Tinosporacordifolia (250mg/kg/body weight) as a potent antihyperglycemic agent as well as antioxidant.   Materials and methods: Wistar norvegicus rats of 180-200 gm were involved in the present study divided in to 5 groups. Each group has 5 rats. Diabetes was induced by Alloxan (100mg/kg.b.wt). Administration of T.cordifolia (250mg/kg/b.wt) done in the desired group for 10,20, and 30 days respectively. Fasting blood collected for plasma glucose and the organs were collected for the antioxidant assay.   Results: Each group showed significant recovery in the glucose and antioxidant parameters like Glutathione, Catalase, Ascorbate etc., Statistical analysis was done by Tukey multiple range test compared with entire column after ANOVA. Level of significance was denoted for diabetic Vs treated group having p values *** p<0.05, **p<0.01, *p<0.001, NS-Non-significant, >0.05.   Conclusion: Relying on the Herbal extract of T.cordifolia would be one of the best options for controlling glucose concentration, enhanced immunity, and getting rid of unnecessary free radicals which increases aging. The plant under investigation is a reservoir of countless secondary metabolites.

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