Antioxidant gene expression, chlorophyll, and starch content in  Persian lime (Citrus latifolia Tanaka Ex Q. Jiménez) trees with HLB by  application of elicitors of plant resistance

Persian lime is economically important for Mexico. However, the disease known as Huanglongbing (HLB) causes chlorosis symptoms in the foliage that affect the growth and decreases the yield of the trees. The expression of chlorosis symptoms is associated with starch accumulation and inhibition of antioxidant activity. The objective of the present work was to determine the effect of the application of three resistance elicitors on the expression of three antioxidant genes and on starch and chlorophyll content in Persian lime trees with HLB. Salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were applied every eight days for nine weeks using a completely randomized design and a one-way ANOVA was performed for the analysis. Expression of APX, CAT and SOD genes was quantified at week nine at four different times. Starch and total chlorophyll content was estimated every three weeks by spectrophotometric methods. The application of the elicitors significantly increased the expression of the three genes, with SA and GABA generating the greatest increase at different times of application. No difference was found in starch and total chlorophyll content at most of the times evaluated. The use of resistance elicitors is promising in the management of HLB in plots already infected, seeking to extend the productive life of the orchards and thus counteract the economic losses caused by HLB.

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PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN IKAN KEMBUNG (Rastrelliger kanagurta) DENGAN SAYUR GONDA (Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertner) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BAKSO

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) ◽

10.24843/itepa.2020.v09.i04.p07 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 426

Author(s):

Brogina Mayank Dini ◽

Luh Putu Trisna Darmayanti ◽

I Ketut Suter

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Protein Content ◽

Water Content ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Fat Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Carbohydrate Content ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Randomized Design

This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable on meatballs characteristics and get a comparison of mackerel with specific gonda vegetable that can produce meatballs with the best characteristics. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment that is the comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable consisting of 6 levels: 100%: 0%; 95%: 5%; 90%: 10%; 85%: 15%; 80%: 20%; 75%: 25%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that obtained 18 units. The data is then analyzed by analysis of variance and if the treatment influences the proposed variable then it is continued by Duncan. The results showed that the comparison of mackerel and gonda vegetable had a very significant effect on water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity, color (scoring), texture, aroma, overall acceptance and no significant effect for texture, aroma and taste. Comparison of 80% mackerel and 20% gonda vegetables had the best characteristics, with 62.99% water content, 1.56% ash content, 1.28% fat content, 8.75% protein content, 25.43% carbohydrate content, 18.39% total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity 25.63%. Sensory properties obtained are color (rather green, rather like), texture (rather like), flavor (liked) and overall acceptance (like).

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Kandungan Klorofil Total Daun Pada Padi Lokal Sulawesi Utara Yang Mengalami Cekaman Banjir

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.8.2.2019.23516 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Fitria Tjolleng ◽

Parluhutan Siahaan ◽

Nio Song Ai

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Time Factors ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Randomized Design ◽

The Media ◽

Rice Leaves ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji respon fisiologi tanaman padi lokal Sulawesi Utara (varietas Ombong, Temo, TB, dan Sultan) terhadap cekaman banjir pada fase vegetatif berdasarkan kandungan klorofil total pada daun. Pot dan tanaman padi dimasukkan ke dalam ember sehingga terendam setinggi 27 cm di atas permukaan media. Perlakuan cekaman kebanjiran berlangsung selama 20 hari. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada hari ke-0 (sebelum perlakuan), 10, 15 dan 20 setelah perlakuan. Daun diambil sebanyak 1 g kemudian dihaluskan dan diekstraksi menggunakan alkohol 95% dan kandungan klorofil diukur dengan spektrofotometer. Data kandungan klorofil total dalam percobaan faktorial dianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam dalam rancangan acak lengkap pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor varietas, faktor waktu dan interaksi antara keduanya tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata pada kandungan klorofil total pada daun tanaman padi (varietas Ombong, Temo, TB, dan Sultan) selama 20 hari perlakuan cekaman banjirThis study examined the physiological responses of North Sulawesi local rice plants in (Ombong, Temo, TB, and Sultan varieties) to partial submergence at the vegetative phase based on the content of total chlorophyll in the rice leaves. The pot and plants were submerged under water in a bucket about 27 cm above the surface of the media. The submergence treatment was lasted for 20 days. Data collection was carried out at day 0 (before treatment), 10, 15 and 20 after treatment. The leaves (about 1 g for ach sample) were collected, then refined and extracted using 95% ethanol. The total chlorophyll content was measured using spectrophotometer. Data of total chlorophyll content in the factorial experiment were analyzed using analysis of variance under completely randomized design at a 95% confidence level. The results of this study indicated that variety and time factors as well as their interactions showed no significant differences in the content of total chlorophyll in the leaves of rice plant varieties (Ombong, Temo, TB, and Sultan) during 20 days of partial submergence

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Analysis of Leaf Pigments of SJ-02 Cocoa Seedlings Under Different Irrigation Depths and Cultivation Containers

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v12n10p97 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Vinicius de Souza Oliveira ◽

Stefany Sampaio Silveira ◽

Robson Prucoli Posse ◽

Laís Gertrudes Fontana Silva ◽

Valeria Pancieri Sallin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Plant Species ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Federal Institute ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Irrigation Depth ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Cocoa Seedlings

The analysis of leaf pigments helps to understand the behavior of plant species under stress conditions. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of leaf pigments in SJ-02 cocoa seedlings under different irrigation depths and cultivation containers. The experiment took place at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina, in Colatina, a city located in the northwest of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. A total of 144 seedlings were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme (6 × 3), where the first factor consisted of six different irrigation depths: 4; 6; 8; 10; 12 and 14 mm d-1 and the second one consisted of three different cultivation containers: polypropylene bags with dimensions of 10 × 20, 15 × 25 and 13 × 35, totalling 18 treatments, with eight repetitions. Seventy-four days after sowing, total chlorophyll content, flavonoid index and anthocyanin index were evaluated. There was no interaction between the factors studied. The 7 mm d-1 irrigation depth is the most suitable because it is practical in water management. Significance was not observed between the different cultivation containers.

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Kandungan Klorofil Total Daun Puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) Yang Mengalami Cekaman Kekeringan

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.8.2.2019.23517 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Natasya Gloria Sonke ◽

Parluhutan Siahaan ◽

Nio Song Ai

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Codiaeum Variegatum

elah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi kandungan klorofil total pada daun tanaman puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) yang mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Tanaman puring varietas gelatik diberi perlakuan kekeringan selama 14 hari dengan tiga kali ulangan pada tanaman puring yang daunnya telah berkembang penuh (fully expanded leaf). Pengambilan sampel daun diambil pada hari ke-0 (sebelum perlakuan kekeringan dimulai), ke-7 dan ke-14 (setelah perlakuan kekeringan) yaitu pada daun tua dan daun muda pada tanaman control/diairi (DA) dan tidak diairi (TA). Kandungan klorofil daun diukur dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer pada panjang gelombang 649 dan 665 nm. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANAVA dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor umur daun serta interaksi antara umur daun dan waktu menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan kandungan klorofil total pada daun tanaman puring varietas gelatikA study was carried out to evaluate the total chlorophyll content of croton (Codiaeum variegatum L. var. Belvalen) leaves under drought stress. The drought stress was applied for 14 days with three replications on leaf. The fully expanded leaves (old and young leaves) were collected at day 0, 7 and 14 from control (DA) and unirrigated (TA) plants. Leaf chlorophyll content measured using a spectrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm wavelengths. The data were analysed by ANOVA in Completely Randomized Design at 95% confidence level and followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that leaf age factor and the interaction between leaf age and time caused differences in total chlorophyll content in the leaves of croton cv. Gelatik plants

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ANALISIS KANDUNGAN KLOROFIL HASIL KETAHANAN TERIMBAS Fusarium oxysporum terhadap Spathoglottis plicata SECARA IN VITRO

Musamus Journal of Livestock Science ◽

10.35724/mjls.v0i0.1635 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 17-27

Author(s):

Gardis Andari ◽

Endang Nurcahyani

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Fusaric Acid ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Design Data ◽

Network Culture ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Induce Resistance

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) is an important disease which is one of the obstacles in the quality and production of orchid plants (Palmer, 2011). The loss due to this disease is very high, which can cause plant death by 50% or even 80% (Hadisutrisno, 2001). The use of S. plicata cultivar which is resistant to Fo is expected to be an alternative in controlling the disease. Research to compensate for resistance of soil orchids resistant to Fo has been carried out in vitro on a solid Vacin & Went (VW) medium which was added with fusaric acid at concentrations of 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm and 40 ppm compared to controls (0 ppm). Orchid S. plicata from the selection of fusaric acid was then inoculated with Fo. This study aims to analyze the total chlorophyll content in leaves of the S. plicata plantlets as a result of induce resistance to Fo. The research was conducted at the Network Culture Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung. The study used a completely randomized design. Data were analyzed for variance (ANOVA) and if significantly different continued with the LSD test a real level of 5%. The results showed that the higher the concentration of fusaric acid, the higher the total chlorophyll content of soil-resistant orchid plantlets was increased. At a concentration of 40 ppm, the highest total chlorophyll content is 9.592 ± 2.226x10-1e

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Improving the Keeping Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria Flowers by Pre and Post-harvest Salicylic Acid Treatments

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb539095 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 364-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elnaz SOLEIMANY-FARD ◽

Khodayar HEMMATI ◽

Ahmad KHALIGHI

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Water Balance ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Water Loss ◽

Vase Life ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Keeping Quality

Keeping quality and length of vase life are important factors for evaluation of cut flowers quality, for both domestic and export markets. Studding the effect of pre- and post-harvest salicylic acid applications on keeping quality and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers during vase period is the approach taken. Aqueous solutions of salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM were sprayed to run-off (approximately 500 mL per plant), about two weeks before flowers harvest. The cut flowers were harvested in the early morning and both of cut flowers treated (sprayed) and untreated were kept in vase solutions containing salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM. Sucrose at 4% was added to all treatments as a base solution. The changes in relative fresh weight, water uptake, water loss, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life were estimated during vase period. The results showed that the relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life decreased significantly while the water loss increased significantly during experiment for all treatments. A significant difference between salicylic acid and control treatments in all measured parameters is observed. During vase period, the salicylic acid treatments maintained significantly a more favourable relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and supressed significantly water loss, as compared to control treatment. Also, the results showed that the using salicylic acid increased significantly the vase life cut alstroemeria flowers, over control. The highest values of measured parameters were found when plants were treated by pre + post-harvest application of salicylic acid at 3 mM. The result revealed that the quality attributes and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers were improved by the use of salicylic acid treatment.

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The Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Water Spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir)

JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.25077/jijcs.3.2.37-44.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 37-44

Author(s):

Selvia Dewi Pohan

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Water Content ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Water Spinach ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) had been identified as a nutritious vegetable with high demand in Indonesia. Besides, this plant also has been evidenced to play an important role in environmental cleaning as phytoremediator. The study about the effect of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) has been conducted in the Green House of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. The study aims to investigate the most effective type of fertilizers and the dose for water spinach’s (Ipomoea reptans Poir) growth and yield. A Completely Randomized Factorial Design was designed for the experiment with two factors and three repetitions. The first factor is the type of fertilizer (chicken manure, cow manure, and compost), and the second factor is the dose of the fertilizer (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1). The parameters such as plant height, number of shoots, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf’s total chlorophyll content, and water content were measured to evaluate plant growth and yield. The General Linear Model used SPSS 21 programs was applied to analyze the collected data. Study results revealed that cow manure increased plant growth and yield significantly with dose 2:1 as the finest treatment, followed by dose 3:1. Cow manure also increased total chlorophyll content (8.0574c mg. L-1), with the most suitable dose was 2:1 (8.2807 mg. L-1). The plant’s water content tended to be high in chicken manure (93%), and the lower water content was in cow manure with dose 3:1 (87.5%).

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Pemanfaatan Pupuk Organik Kulit Pisang Dan Azolla Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kangkung Darat Dengan Sistem Akuaponik

STIGMA: Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Unipa ◽

10.36456/stigma.vol12.no01.a1854 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (01) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Maria Sastriana ◽

Ngadiani Ngadiani

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Banana Peel ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Azolla Pinnata ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Weight Test

The aim of this study was to compare the organic fertilizer of azolla pinnata and banana peel and a combination of azolla pinnata and banana peel with the same concentration of 800 ppm to the weight of harvest and the chlorophyll content of ground spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). The experiment was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design with control treatment, 800 ppm azolla pinnata, 800 ppm banana skin and a combination of azolla pinnata and banana peels 800 ppm which were repeated 6 times each. The application was carried out by pouring 800 ppm of azolla pinnata, 800 ppm of banana peel and a combination of azolla pinnata and 800 ppm banana peel on each gutter. The results showed that azolla pinnata and banana peel nutrition had a significant effect (P <0.05) on harvest weight and chlorophyll content of ground spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Nutrition azolla pinnata and banana peel with a concentration of 800 ppm can increase the weight of the land spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Which has the highest average. In testing the chlorophyll content, the results of chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and the highest total chlorophyll content was found in azolla pinnata 800 ppm nutrition. The results of this study concluded that 800 ppm azolla pinnata, 800 ppm banana peel and 800 ppm combination of azolla pinnata and banana peel in the growth of ground spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Were effective to increase harvest weight and increase chlorophyll content of land spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Namely chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of land spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Keywords: ground kale, azolla pinnata, banana peel, harvest weight, test of chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll.

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