scholarly journals DEMOCRATIC EDUCATION IN “MERDEKA BELAJAR” ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Khanif Maksum
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Education ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Full Responsibility ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Democracy In Education ◽  
Democratic Character ◽  
Freedom And Responsibility

Educational Democracy is a view of life that prioritizes equal rights and obligations as well as an equal treatment between educators and students in the learning process. Democracy in education contains elements of independence, freedom, and responsibility. An independent attitude to develop self-confidence and to be aware of one's limitations is very important to foster awareness that life in the community requires collaboration with other individuals. Freedom is defined as a life purpose that rests on the awareness of social pluralism, not solely on the interests of individuals or groups. Therefore freedom itself must be accompanied by a sense of full responsibility. The word "Educational Democracy" is two terms which are interrelated, democratic values ​​can be understood and owned by the community through educational activities, and vice versa so that education can produce output that has an independent attitude, has a critical thinking power, dynamic, democratic character and always upholds human dignity, then the implementation of education must be based on democracy so that the concept of independence in learning will grow well.

Educating Democratic Character

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Rogach Alexander ◽  
Philip Kitcher
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Democratic Education ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Mutual Engagement ◽  
Democratic Character ◽  
Imminent Death ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Many recent writers on democracy have lamented its decay and warned of its imminent death. We argue that the concerns are focused at three different levels of democracy. The most fundamental of these, celebrated by Tocqueville and by Dewey, recognizes the interactions and joint deliberations among citizens who seek sympathetic mutual engagement. Such engagement is increasingly rare in large-scale political life. In diagnosing and treating the problems, we recommend returning to the debate between Lippmann and Dewey, in which many of the concerns now prominent were already voiced. This inspires the main work of the paper – the reconstruction of Dewey’s conception of democracy as a ‘mode of associated living’. We focus on the thesis that democracy is educative and explicate Dewey’s notion of growth, showing how democratic education contributes to three important functions: the capacity for sustaining oneself, the enrichment of individual experience, and the ability to enter into cooperative discussions with fellow citizens. Dewey’s conception of democratic education is directed at fostering particular virtues and, if citizens come to possess them, the need for Lippmann’s ‘omnicompetent individual’ vanishes. We conclude by suggesting that Dewey’s project of educating democratic character is pertinent for addressing the disaffection of our times.

Equal Rights and Unequal People

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Criminal Trials ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Ideal

Though Americans have favored the idea of equal rights and equal opportunity, they recognize that differences in wealth and social advantage, like differences in ability and appearance, influence the realization, or not, of equal rights, including equality before the law. In the generations after 1776 the rights of creditors, for example, often overrode the rights of debtors. And criminal trials demonstrate that in courtrooms equal treatment was most often achieved when defendant and victim came from the same social class. Otherwise if they came from different classes social realities, including ethnicity, color, and gender could shape court officials and public opinion. And when a woman’s sexual virtue was compromised, her credibility was almost always discounted. In principle officials paid homage to the ideal of equality before the law, but in practice unequal rights often prevailed.

EQUAL RIGHTS OF WORKING SPOUSES AND OTHER PERSONS WHO FULFIL FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES AND THE MAINTENANCE OF THE BALANCE BETWEEN WORK AND FAMILY LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol specjalny (XXI) ◽  
pp. 413-426
Author(s):  
Helena Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Guardianship Law

The improvement in the quality of life of an employed person and his/her sustainable development are the basis of the concept of work-life balance. In this concept, the professional and private spheres are of equal importance and should complement and strengthen each other. The objective of ILO Convention 156 and ILO recommendation 165 related to it, is to ensure equal treatment and equal opportunities in the scope of employment and professional activity of working women and men who fulfill family responsibilities. Art. 33 section 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the European pillar of social rights provides accordingly. The permanence of marriage and equal rights of spouses are among the basic principles of Polish family law. Equal rights of women and men in the context of equal rights of persons carrying out parental and care responsibilities are a fundamental constitutional principle in our country. Therefore, new legal regulations at the EU and national level concerning the balance between the professional and private life of parents and guardians are necessary. It should be de lege ferenda called for the inclusion of the concept of balance between professional and private life of working people who perform parental and guardian functions in labor law and family and guardianship law in a wider scope. It seems that nowadays the most important problem is the introduction of legal solutions in the field of work exemptions, employee holidays and more flexible working hours for employees who have care responsibilities towards the elderly or chronically ill (parents, parents-in-law, siblings) to the Labor Code

scholarly journals Mind your attitude: the impact of patriarchy on women’s workplace behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-164
Author(s):  
Toyin Ajibade Adisa ◽  
Fang Lee Cooke ◽  
Vanessa Iwowo
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
The Impact

Purpose By conceptualising patriarchy in the workplace as a social situation, the purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence of patriarchal attitudes and their impact on women’s workplace behaviour among Nigerian organisations. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a qualitative research approach, drawing on data from 32 semi-structured interviews with female employees and managers in two high-street banks in Nigeria. Findings The study finds that patriarchy shapes women’s behaviour in ways that undermine their performance and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). Furthermore, the study finds that patriarchal attitudes, often practised at home, are frequently transferred to organisational settings. This transference affects women’s workplace behaviour and maintains men’s (self-perceived) superior status quo, whereby women are dominated, discriminated against and permanently placed in inferior positions. Research limitations/implications The extent to which the findings of this research can be generalised is constrained by the limited sample and scope of the research. Practical implications The challenges posed by the strong patriarchy on women’s workplace behaviour are real and complex, and organisations must address them in order to create a fairer workplace in which employees can thrive. It is therefore essential for organisations to examine periodically their culture to ensure that all employees, regardless of gender, are involved in the organisation’s affairs. Furthermore, organisations need to help women become more proactive in combating patriarchal behaviour, which often affects their performance and OCB. This requires organisations to affirm consistently their equal opportunities, equal rights and equal treatment policies. It is essential that organisations take this problem seriously by attaching due penalty to gender discrimination, as this will go a long way in ensuring positive outcomes for women and providing a fairer workplace. Originality/value This study provides empirical evidence that a more egalitarian work environment (in Nigerian banking) will result in improved performance from female employees and organisations. It calls for greater policy and organisational interventions to create a more inclusive work environment and an equal society.

The Federal Constitutional Court: Fifty Years of the Struggle for Gender Equality

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
Years Of Service ◽  
Looking Back

It has been a long journey from the noble declaration in the Federal Republic's new constitution (Grundgesetz [Basic Law]) that women and men have equal rights, to the establishment of concrete laws and jurisprudence that now assure that women and men actually receive equal treatment and that women are no longer disadvantaged in society (and even more, laws and jurisprudence that assure that women receive support if they encounter structural disadvantages). This article, in looking back on its first fifty years of service, surveys the decisive role that the Bundesverfassungsgericht (Federal Constitutional Court) played in that journey.

"Molly Monster" (2016), as a (wasted) lesson of democratic education and upbringing for democracy, openness and tolerance.

2020 ◽  
Vol XI (1 (30)) ◽  
pp. 163-183
Author(s):  
Anna Sanecka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Democratic Education ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Joint Decisions

"Molly Monster" is a perfect example of preparing the preschool audience for openness and respect for difference, tolerance, dialogue and listening, cooperation, joint decision making and wise acceptance of change. The film, showing how the main character, Molly, eagerly and joyfully awaits a big change in her family life - the birth of a sister or a brother, and emphasizes the importance of family ties, can therefore inspire to accept changes and adapt to new situations. In addition, the film presents a land where every inhabitant is very different - in size or physical appearance, and the story teaches that being different does not disturb cooperation, mutual help or making joint decisions and taking actions. The film presents an open approach to traditional social roles, emphasizes the role of self-confidence, but also the importance of admitting one's mistake and freedom in decision making.

scholarly journals PEMBATASAN KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT DI ERA DIGITAL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjun Rouf
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
The People

Democracy as an Indonesian goverment system has implications fpr equal rights,obligations and equal treatment for all its citizen.Freedom of opinion is basically a right owned by every individual guaranteed by the constitution this is contained in Article 28E paragraph (3).The advancement of technology and information is one of the platforms in the delivery of opinions by the people in Indonesia.Communication of technology with various kinds of social media has given freedom to each individual to express their opinions through various types of social media communication.The development of information technology media is charaterized by various problems.The limitation of human rightsin various aspects is a form of control over the avoidance of brutal and transgressing freedom.

scholarly journals Filosofi Kafir dalam al-Qur’an

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Republic

Abstrak Kata ‘kafir’ dalam al-Qur’an tidak bisa dimaknai secara tunggal. Dibutuhkan kajian yang mendalam dalam memahami al-Qur’an. Salah satu metode yang bisa digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan teori hermeneutik Schleiermacher dengan dua interpretasi yaitu gramatis dan psikologis. Melalui analisis interpretasi gramatis, kata ‘kafir’ dalam al-Qur’an memiliki makna yang beragam seperti: ingkar, tidak bersyukur, tidak beriman, kikir, sombong, dan lain sebagainya. Kemudian vonis kafir adalah otoritas Allah Swt. Sementara itu, dengan analisis interpretasi psikologis, ditemukan hasil bahwa Tuhan seringkali menurunkan kata ‘kafir’ akibat perilaku buruk pelaku kekafiran. Penuduhan kafir terhadap orang lain mengancam kerukunan dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Individu atau kelompok yang dituduh sebagai kafir rentan mendapatkan diskriminasi. Indonesia adalah negara bangsa yang mempunyai Konstitusi tertinggi yaitu UUD Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945. Dalam UUD 1945 Pasal 29 disebutkan bahwa negara menjamin setiap warga negaranya atas kemerdekaan dan kebebasan dalam memeluk agama dan keyakinan. Dalam konteks bernegara, non-muslim memiliki hak dan kedudukan yang setara dengan warga negara lainnya.   Abstract The word ‘kafir’ in the Qur'an cannot be interpreted in a single meaning. It takes an in-depth study in understanding the verses of the Qur'an. One method that can be used is by employing Schleirmacher's hermeneutic theory with two interpretations, namely grammatical and psychological. Through the analysis of grammatical interpretations, the word ‘kafir’ in the Al-Qur'an has various meanings such as: denial, ungratefulness, disbelief, stingy, arrogant, and so on. Then the verdict of disbelief is the authority of Allah Swt. Meanwhile, with the analysis of psychological interpretations, it is found that God often sends down the word ‘kafir’ due to the bad behavior of the infidels. The accusation of being infidels against others has threatened harmony in the life of the nation and state. Individuals or groups accused of being infidels are vulnerable to discrimination. Indonesia is a nation state that has the highest constitution, namely the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The article 29 of the 1945 Constitution affirms that the State guarantees every citizen of freedom to embrace religion and belief. In the context of a state, non-Muslims have equal rights and positions with other citizens.

scholarly journals REPRESENTASI PEREMPUAN DALAM VIDEO KLIP GIRLBAND KOREA (ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA VIDEO KLIP DALLA DALLA DARI GIRLBAND ITZY)

MEDIAKITA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Zuhaira, Sukma Ari Ragil Putri
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Song Lyrics

Feminism is a social movement that demands justice and equal rights of women with men. Gender equality is still a matter of debate. One of them is in South Korea. Women who support feminism are considered to hate, do not need, and will feel their position is higher than men. This demand for equality covers the fields of economy, politics, social, lifestyle, culture and so on. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing how the representation of women displayed by Korean Girlband Itzy in their video clip entitled Dalla Dalla. Dalla-Dalla's video clip with the theme of women's freedom depicts the life movements of women who want freedom from the criticisms of others who consider them weak and discriminate. This video clip also shows them different from the others. Although in this video clip it is not clearly stated the relevance of feminism in it. Therefore, in order to get a detailed description of the issue of feminism and women in the video clip, the researcher uses John Fiske's semiotic theory with the main theory, namely The Codes of Television, to see that behind the video clips there are connotative and denotative representations. According to John Fiske's Semiotics, there are 3 levels, namely the level of reality, representation and ideology. So it is hoped that the representation of women in this video clip is clearly described. The results of the study show the meaning of signs at the level of reality, and representations indicate freedom, self-confidence, and personal existence. At the ideological level, it shows the existence of postmodern feminism. So at the level of signs and symbols related to the representation of post-modern feminism, namely creating new discourses or messages that are meaningful and provide positive energy to other women, so that they dare to fight oppression and discrimination. The song lyrics and narrative code in the video clip show several scenes that lead to on postmodern feminist symbols

scholarly journals Legal Aid in Indonesia: Problems and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akbar Maulana Gustaf
Keyword(s):  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Legal Services ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

In the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 28D Paragraph (1), it is stated that "Everyone has the right to recognition, guarantee, protection and legal certainty that is just and equal treatment before the law." Legal aid is legal services provided by legal aid providers free of charge to legal aid recipients, namely people or groups of poor people to obtain justice. Legal Aid Providers are legal aid organizations or social organizations that provide Legal Aid services based on Law no. 16 of 2011 concerning Legal Aid. With free legal assistance, people who are unable, in this case at the economic level, who are involved in the judicial process will receive relief from obtaining legal advisors so that their rights can be protected and the judicial process can proceed properly.

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