scholarly journals Study the therapeutic role of Alcoholic Extract of Plantago lanceolata aganist infection with Staphylococcus saprophyticus

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (0E) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Aseel J. Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Role

The present study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activity of alcoholicextracts of Plantago lanceolata leafes in vitro and in vivo by inducing urinary tract infection inrats which caused by urethra administration of S.saprophyticus isolated from human andanimals(cow and sheep)These extracts showed significant effect (P<0.05) on the inhibition of the growth ofS.saprophyticus in vitro with the superiority of the concentration 200mg / ml of alcoholicextract with the mean of inhibition zone diameter 30 mm against S.saprophyticus ,while zonediameter was ( 26.5 ,21 ) mm due to the concentration 150, 100mg/ml respectively.This study included the therapeutic role of doses 150 mg/kg . B.W. of 1.5ml daily orally ofalcoholic extract dissolved in DMSO of plantago lanceolata leaves in the pathogenesis ofS.saprophyticus in rats by the urethral infection in compared with the control group (ratsinjected with S.saprophyticus without treatments).The results of histopathological changesshowed the role of Plantago lanceolata extract on the decreasing of pathological sings inbladder and kidney tissue after 14 and 21 days and gave negative results by decreasecongestion in the blood vessels of kidney hemorrhage and few infiltration of inflammatorycells in bladder , in compared with the positive control which showed acutehistopathological change.

scholarly journals Study the effect of the mixture alcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens and their effect on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Noor Nihad Baker ◽  
Fawzia Ahmed AL-Shanawi
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Plant Mixture

this study included the using of the mixture of alcoholic extract Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens at concentrations (1+50) mgml. And then experimentation on the mice injected with protoscolices and its comparison with the mice injected with only protoscolices (as positive control group), and the mice injected with normal saline (as negative control) to investigate the effect of plant mixture in vivo, it appeared of getting the reduction of hydatid cyst with percentage 100% in processed group with the mixture compared with positive group as its absence of the hydatid cyst in processed group. The lowering significantly occurred in the averages of the weights of the liver and spleen and the averages of its distension in processed groups and about of the positive group and which was approach to the negative group. Also study the tissular changes occurred in the liver and spleen, in the liver it occurred of changes in the liver cell and increase in the number of the kupffer cell as a defensive in the processed group were less than what it appeared in the positive control, but the spleen, it appeared the dilation of the whit pulp and the appearance of the cell composing of the hemic platelets (megakaryocyte cells) in the mice processed in comparison with negative control. These changes were of less acuity in the group processed. Thus from the results of this study at appeared the possibility of using the mixture in vivo in successful and safe way by it a capability of initiating the immunity system to the inhibition of the protoscolices and prevent the development of the secondary hydatid cyst in vivo without causing the negative side effect.

Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Lung and Liver Protective Activity of Galaxaura oblongata as Antagonistic Efficacy against LPS using Hematological Parameters and Immunohistochemistry as Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Nabil-Adam ◽  
Mohamed A. Shreadah
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Induction Group ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential bioactivity and the ameliorative role of Galaxaura oblongata (G. oblongata) against LPS-induced toxicity by using hematological parameters. Objective: It is aimed also to examine its protective effect using the immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs as biomarkers in male BALB/C albino mice. Materials and Methods: the current study carried out using different in-vitro and in-vivo assays such as phytochemical, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory for in-vitro where the hematological and immunohistochemistry for lung and liver were investigated in vivo. Results: There are no previous studies were performed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro effects of the G. oblongata extracts as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory due to their rareness compared to other red algae. LPS treated mice revealed a significant decrease in total number of WBCs, RBCs, platelets, and HGB%, MPV, MCV and MCHC compared to the control group. On contrast, the HCT and MCHC were increased in the induction group which was treated with LPS compared to the control group. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry results of the present study revealed the protective effect of G. oblongata compared to the induction group. G. oblongata can be used as protective marine natural products against the toxicity induced by LPS. Conclusion: It exhibited a significant ameliorative role against the alterations in the hematological parameters and immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs, and helps to reduce as well as coordinate the acute inflammations caused by TNF.

scholarly journals An Explanation of the Underlying Mechanisms for the In Vitro and In Vivo Antiurolithic Activity of Glechoma longituba

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Liang ◽  
Xiaoran Li ◽  
Wangning Zhou ◽  
Yu Su ◽  
Shenbao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Potassium Citrate ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Glechoma Longituba

Purpose. To use in vitro and in vivo models to evaluate Glechoma longituba extract to provide scientific evidence for this extract’s antiurolithic activity. Materials and Methods. Potassium citrate was used as a positive control group. Oxidative stress (OS) markers and the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were measured to assess the protective effects of Glechoma longituba. Multiple urolithiasis-related biochemical parameters were evaluated in urine and serum. Kidneys were harvested for histological examination and the assessment of crystal deposits. Results. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that treatment with Glechoma longituba extract significantly decreased calcium oxalate- (CaOx-) induced OPN expression, KIM-1 expression, and OS compared with the positive control group (P<0.05). Additionally, in vivo rats that received Glechoma longituba extract exhibited significantly decreased CaOx deposits and pathological alterations (P<0.05) compared with urolithic rats. Significantly lower levels of oxalate, creatinine, and urea and increased citrate levels were observed among rats that received Glechoma longituba (P<0.05) compared with urolithic rats. Conclusion. Glechoma longituba has antiurolithic effects due to its possible combined effects of increasing antioxidant levels, decreasing urinary stone-forming constituents and urolithiasis-related protein expression, and elevating urinary citrate levels.

scholarly journals study the effect of alcoholic and watery extracts of garlic and onion plants on growth of candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans in vitro&vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Abd-Alshaheed D. A.
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Ofcandida Albicans ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

This research included study the effect of garlic and onion plantsextracts(alcoholic and watery) in vitro in three different concentrations15%,25%,35% and in vivo in experimental white mice .Research wasperformed by three experiments, first one was conducted to studyeffectiveness of different concentration of alcoholic and watery garlicextract on growth of candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans invitro, showed that the effect of alcoholic extract on the growth of candidaalbicans was inhibitory,started from 0.4 mm to 0.1 mm compared withcontrol plats 4.2 mm ,where as the results of the effect on the growth ofCryptococcus neoformans showed more clearness and the inhibitionstarted from 0.6 to inhibit all the growth in plat in comparison withcontrol plats1.4 mm. While the effect of watery garlic extract showed lesseffect and the inhibition began from 0.5 mm to 0.2 mm for candidaalbicans , but the growth inhibition of Cryptococcus neoformans beganfrom 0.4 to 0.15 mm.The second experiment was the same as the firstexperiment , but using alcoholic and extracts onion , the growth ofcandida albicans inhibited by alcoholic exract from 0.6 mm to no growthin the plat , but the inhibition of Cryptococcus neoformans was startedfrom 0.5mm to 0.2 mm for alcoholic onion extract. While the wateryonion extract effect on the growth of candida albicans the inhibitionstarted from 1.6 mm to 1 mm ,but the inhibition of Cryptococcusneoformans was began from 1 mm to 0.3 mm.Third experiment was study the effect of crude garlic and onion alcoholicextract ointment 1% on experimental infection in mice , using 30experimental mice divided to 6 equal groups,each group include 5 mice*groups which infected with candida albicans treated :The group 1,2,3,expermrutly infected with candida albicans ,where asgroup 3,4,6 were infected with Cryptococcus neoformans for 1,2,3 group,treted with the ointment of alcoholic extract of garlic, group 2 treatedwith alcoholic extract ointment of onion, where as group 3 left with notreatment as a control group

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Tebipenem (TBP), an Orally Active Carbapenem, against Biothreat Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Clayton ◽  
Akash Jain ◽  
Stephanie A. Halasohoris ◽  
Lisa M. Pysz ◽  
Sanae Lembirik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Vehicle Control Group ◽  
Tebipenem Pivoxil

Bacillus anthracis and Yersinia pestis, causative pathogens for anthrax and plague, respectively, along with Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei are potential bioterrorism threats. Tebipenem pivoxil hydrobromide (TBP HBr, formerly SPR994), is an orally available prodrug of tebipenem, a carbapenem with activity versus multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative pathogens, including quinolone-resistant and extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales. We evaluated the in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of tebipenem against biothreat pathogens. Tebipenem was active in vitro against 30-strain diversity sets of B. anthracis, Y. pestis, B. mallei, and B. pseudomallei with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.001 – 0.008 μg/ml for B. anthracis, ≤0.0005 – 0.03 μg/ml for Y. pestis, 0.25 – 1 μg/ml for B. mallei, and 1 – 4 μg/ml for B. pseudomallei. In a B. anthracis murine model, all control animals died within 52 h post challenge. The survival rates in the groups treated with tebipenem were 75% and 73% when dosed at 12 h and 24 h post challenge, respectively. The survival rates in the positive control groups treated with ciprofloxacin were 75% and when dosed 12 h and 25% when dosed 24 h post challenge, respectively. Survival rates were significantly (p=0.0009) greater in tebipenem groups treated at 12 h and 24 h post challenge and in the ciprofloxacin group 12 h post-challenge vs. the vehicle-control group. For Y. pestis, survival rates for all animals in the tebipenem and ciprofloxacin groups were significantly (p<0.0001) greater than the vehicle-control group. These results support further development of tebipenem for treating biothreat pathogens.

scholarly journals Microbiological and SEM-EDS Evaluation of Titanium Surfaces Exposed to Periodontal Gel: In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Bernardi ◽  
Serena Bianchi ◽  
Anna Rita Tomei ◽  
Maria Adelaide Continenza ◽  
Guido Macchiarelli
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Test Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Implant Dentistry

Inflammatory diseases affecting the soft and hard tissues surrounding an implant represent a new challenge in contemporary implant dentistry. Among several methods proposed for the decontamination of titanium surfaces, the administration of topical 14% doxycycline gel seems to be a reliable option. In the present study, we evaluated the microbial effect of 14% doxycycline gel applied on titanium surfaces and exposed to human salivary microbes in anaerobic conditions. We also examined the composition of the exposed surfaces to assess the safe use of periodontal gel on titanium surfaces. Six anatase and six type 5 alloy titanium surfaces were used and divided into two groups: The test group and the positive control group. Both were cultured with human salivary samples in anaerobic conditions. On the test groups, 240 mg of periodontal gel was applied. The microbial assessment was performed with a colony-forming unit (CFU) count and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) to identify the species. The surface integrity was assessed using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS). The results demonstrated the microbial efficacy of the 14% doxycycline periodontal gel and its safe use on titanium surfaces. However, the SEM observations revealed the permanence of the gel on the titanium surfaces due to the physical composition of the gel. This permanence needs to be further investigated in vivo and a final polishing protocol on the titanium surface is recommended.

Enhanced β-Catenin/Foxo1 Activity Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting β-Catenin/T Cell Factor Signaling

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Kun Gui ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Meijin Wang ◽  
Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kidney Fibrosis ◽  
Mrc5 Cell

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia, resulting in chronic respiratoryfailure and eventually death. β-catenin/Foxo1 showed a protective property in kidney fibrosis, but the role of β-catenin/Foxo1 in IPF was unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the role of β-catenin/Foxo1 in IPF and explore its underlying mechanism. The IPF model was established by injection of bleomycin (BLM) in vivo and stimulation by TGF-β1 in MRC5 cell in vitro. Haematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson’s trichrome staining were performed to examine histopathological injury in lung. Protein expression of corresponding genes was detected using western blot. Immunofluorescence staining assay was carried out to detect the expression of β-catenin, Foxo1, TCF and α-SMA. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA kit assay. The results showed that BLM induced a serious pulmonary injury and proliferated fibroblasts. A higher interaction of β-catenin with TCF and a lower interaction of β-catenin with Foxo1 was found in BLM group compared to the control group. TGF-β1 promoted β-catenin/TCF, whereas ICG-001 inhibited β-catenin/TCF, and promoted β-catenin/Foxo1. Furthermore, ICG-001 reversed TGF-β1 induced largely production of inflammatory cytokines and accumulation of extracellular matrix, as well as high expression of α-SMA. However, AS1842856, a FOXO1 antagonist, strengthened the effects induced by TGF-β1. In summary, our study revealed that β-catenin/Foxo1 protected against IPF through inhibiting inflammatory response and extracellular matrix accumulation, providing an alternative approach to explain the potential mechanism of IPF and seek for more effective therapeutic drugs.

Effects of Soybean Antioxidant Peptides (SAP) on SOD, GSH-Px, CAT Activity and MDA Level in Vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Wang ◽  
Rui Wen Yang ◽  
Jing Bo Liu ◽  
Song Yi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Level I

The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) are important ones of antioxidant defense systems. Malonaldehyde (MDA) is formed as an end product of lipid peroxidation. Soybean peptides possess antioxidant activity. In previous study, the antioxidant activities of soybean peptides were determinedin vitro. The male ICR mice were intragastrically administered by different molecular weight and dose of soybean antioxidant peptides (SAP) for 60 days. Control group was treated with saline by intragastric administration for 60 days. The SOD, GSH-Px, CAT activity and MDA level were determined in serum. The results suggested the SAP of 1-3k Da had the ability to increase significantly GSH-Px and SOD activity and decrease significantly MDA level at different dose (100 and 200 mg/kg/d) compared with control group (P < 0.05). The SAP of 3-10k Da (200 mg/kg/d) enhanced the GSH-Px activity and decreased significantly MDA level compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The SAP of 10-30k Da (200 mg/kg/d) had the lowest MDA level among all the groups. All the SAP groups and positive control group cannot increase the CAT activity.

Reduction of intrinsic sinoatrial frequency and norepinephrine response of the exercised rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Hughson ◽  
John R. Sutton ◽  
J. Desmond Fitzgerald ◽  
Norman L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sinoatrial Node ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Chronotropic Response ◽  
In Vitro Measurements ◽  
The Right

Physical training is associated with a reduction of intrinsic sinoatrial activity; the present study examined the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in this reduction. Six groups of rats were studied for 10 weeks: inactive control; treadmill exercised; parasympathetic receptor blockade with atropine; exercise plus atropine; parasympathetic receptor stimulation with carbachol; and exercise plus carbachol. In vivo ISF (cardiac frequency 20 min after injection of propranolol and atropine) was measured at 3-week intervals. At the end of 10 weeks the right atrium was excised, in vitro measurements were made of ISF, and chronotropic dose–response curves to acetylcholine and norepinephrine were established. In vivo, ISF was reduced with time, the greatest reduction being found in the exercise plus atropine group; the treadmill-exercised and the atropine-treated groups also had a greater reduction than the control group. In vitro, no differences were observed in acetylcholine responses. The maximum norepinephrine chronotropic response was reduced in the treadmill-exercised and the exercise plus atropine groups. The maximum norepinephrine-induced frequency correlated with the in vitro ISF (r = 0.75). Thus, ISF was reduced with training, but this effect was independent of parasympathetic activity. The properties of the sinoatrial node which set ISF also influenced the maximum norepinephrine response.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Study on an Injectable Glycol Chitosan/Dibenzaldehyde-Terminated Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogel in Repairing Articular Cartilage Defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Yang ◽  
Xiaoguang Jing ◽  
Zimin Wang ◽  
Xuejian Liu ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Cartilage Defect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glycol Chitosan

The normal anatomical structure of articular cartilage determines its limited ability to regenerate and repair. Once damaged, it is difficult to repair it by itself. How to realize the regeneration and repair of articular cartilage has always been a big problem for clinicians and researchers. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the physical properties and cytocompatibility of hydrogels, and evaluated their feasibility as cell carriers for Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) transplantation. Concentration-matched hydrogels were co-cultured with ADSCs to confirm ADSC growth in the hydrogel and provide data supporting in vivo experiments, which comprised the hydrogel/ADSCs, pure-hydrogel, defect-placement, and positive-control groups. Rat models of articular cartilage defect in the knee joint region was generated, and each treatment was administered on the knee joint cartilage area for each group; in the positive-control group, the joint cavity was surgically opened, without inducing a cartilage defect. The reparative effect of injectable glycol chitosan/dibenzaldehyde-terminated polyethylene glycol (GCS/DF-PEG) hydrogel on injured articular cartilage was evaluated by measuring gross scores and histological score of knee joint articular-cartilage injury in rats after 8 weeks. The 1.5% GCS/2% DF-PEG hydrogels degraded quickly in vitro. Then, We perform in vivo and in vitro experiments to evaluate the feasibility of this material for cartilage repair in vivo and in vitro.

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