Omar Noman. Economic and Social Progress in Asia: Why Pakistan Did Not Become a Tiger. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997. 324 pages. Hardbound. Rs 575.00.

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Faisal Bari

Most people in Pakistan look towards the West for models of economic development, and some even look to the Islamic past. But in recent decades, the more spectacular cases have been much closer to home, and towards the East. Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are already in the ranks of the developed, while China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand are making good progress. Despite the recent setbacks, their progress over the last three decades has been enviable. On the other hand, the countries in South Asia have lagged behind. Four decades ago there was little to choose between most of these countries, but by the seventies, the paths of some had clearly diverged, while others were beginning to diverge. Today, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka are amongst the poorest in the world, and on certain measures, they are the poorest! What happened in the last four decades? This is the issue that Omar Noman tackles in this book.

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf T. Kreutzer

Abstract Viele europäische Manager konzentrieren sich auf der Suche nach den neuesten Trends immer noch (zu häufig) auf den Westen. Ist das heute noch zeitgemäß – und vor allem – wird es den tatsächlichen Herausforderungen der Unternehmen und der Politik noch gerecht? Dieser Beitrag wurde angeregt durch zwei vom Deutschen Dialogmarketing Verband organisierten Reisen nach China, Japan und Südkorea, an denen der Autor in den letzten zwölf Monaten teilgenommen hat. In diesem ersten Beitrag leitet er einige zentrale Lektionen für das eigene Tun in Deutschland und Europa ab. Diese „Lektionen“ basieren zum einen auf dem Gesehenen und Gehörten vor Ort in China selbst. Dazu gehören auch weitere Gespräche mit China-Experten. Zum anderen erfolgte für diesen Beitrag ein intensives Studium der einschlägigen Veröffentlichungen zu den Entwicklungen in China, um so ein holistisches Bild von China und seinen Entwicklungen zu erhalten. Der Beitrag wird in der kommenden Ausgabe von „Der Betriebswirt“ abgeschlossen und behandelt die Themen „Alibaba – Integration über verschiedene Leistungsfelder hinweg“, „JD.com – Amazon und UPS in einem“, „Eigenständige Lösungen durch konsequente Marktabschottung“, „Eroberung des globalen Automobil-Marktes“ sowie „People-Power“. Many European managers are still (too often) concentrating on the West in their search for the latest trends. Is this still appropriate today – and above all – does it still meet the real challenges of companies and politics? This article was inspired by two trips to China, Japan and South Korea organized by the German Dialog Marketing Association, in which the author has participated in the last twelve months. In this first article he derives some central lessons for actions of companies in Germany and Europe. These „lessons“ are based on the one hand on what has been seen and heard locally in China itself. This includes further discussions with China experts. On the other hand, an intensive study of the relevant publications on developments in China was carried out in order to obtain a holistic picture of China and its developments. Keywords: masterplan, künstliche intelligenz, gesichtserkennung, datenschutz


2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Shabnam Gul ◽  
Muhammad Faizan Asghar ◽  
Munib Khalid

Pakistan being one of the most populous Muslim states, is characterized by unique features. It is home to the seventh-largest army in the world, but strangely enough, it stands in 2018 (slightly better than previous rankings )as one of the 20th most fragile nations of the world. Pakistan bears a key geopolitical position in South Asia, linking it with the Middle East, surrounded by Russia, China, India, and Iran as well. Traditionally, Pakistan national security has been analyzed through geopolitical and geostrategic perspectives, but with the primacy of economic factors, the geo-economic approach has taken the lead in analyzing the national security of Pakistan. Most underdeveloped and developing countries heavily depend upon external resources and regional connectivity for economic development, but both can jeopardize their security in one way or the other. So Pakistan is no exception in this regard. That's why the article is going to analyze the hazards to Pakistan's national security by focusing upon the growing Pakistan China economic connectivity and Indian fears and apprehensions and Afghanistan's instability, and its prospective looming effect on China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).


1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 25-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan Quigley

A theory of caste must offer a way of ordering the facts in such a way that it does not diminish the significance of some or ignore others. It must also be comparative. Caste organisation is found in some parts of South Asia but not all. Equally, structural parallels may be found in many other parts of the world and one should not therefore assume that the defining characteristics of caste are unique to Hindu communities or to the ideology of Brahmanism. What is needed is a theory which explains why all of the traits associated with caste are found together where and when they are, whether in South Asia or elsewhere. Various theories of caste are reviewed in this chapter before coming to the conclusion that one of these makes much more sense of the historical and ethnographic evidence than the others. Most theories depict castes as arranged in a ladder-like vertical order. Sociologists have tended to emphasise this ‘stratification’, regarding the ideological and ritual manifestations of caste, such as the pervasive concern with purity and impurity, as epiphenomenal. Anthropologists have generally avoided this error but have faced other intractable problems. Some see caste as a recent colonial artefact, others as an ancient indigenous category. Many are heavily influenced by the ideological reductionism of Dumont's theory of Hindu society. On the other hand, Dumont's analysis raises so many problems that some have attempted to retreat from theory and restrict their studies to ethnographic description. The argument here is that caste results from an uneasy stalemate between the pull of localised lineage organisation and the forces of political, ritual and economic centralisation encapsulated in monarchical institutions. Caste systems are the product of a certain degree of centralisation which involve the organisation of ritual and other services around the king and dominant lineages. The central institution is (as Hocart suggested) the monarchy, and not (as Dumont suggested) the Brahman priesthood. The removal of Hindu kings in India with the advent of colonialism does not negate this thesis, for it is a specifically western view of kingship which allows for only one monarch within a territory. Kingship (and the configurations of castes associated with it) was always reproduced at the court of lesser chiefs, and is still replicated today in the households of members of dominant castes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
Besse Tenriabeng Mursyid

In terms of the economic development of a nation it cannot be separated from economic activities that are stable in a country, on the other hand it is undeniable that now the world is struggling against the Covid-19 pandemic which is known together with all countries is intensively making movements aimed at Minimizing the spread of the corona virus, recorded based on data from the Google news site related to the development of Covid-19 cases throughout the country, the total cases worldwide were recorded at 50,794,593 with cases of patients dying as many as 1,262,199 Various policies were created by the government in order to attract the attention of foreign investors to enter Indonesia to invest, one of which is the open door policy to improve the country's economy after the Covid-19 pandemic in the future


2021 ◽  
pp. 002088172110567
Author(s):  
Sandeep Singh ◽  
Bawa Singh

The SCO is one of the biggest geopolitical groupings in the world. It has provided a forum for its members, particularly, Russia and China, to cooperate on the set goals of the Eurasian re-integration. In contrast, SAARC cannot be termed as a successful organization, given the arch–rivalries between India and Pakistan. However, optimists believe that the geopolitical expansion, having India and Pakistan on board, the SCO would have the potential for economic and strategic cooperation. On the other hand, the evolving Sino-Pak axis vis-à-vis India has generated a view that China has offered an SCO platform to make its South Asia Policy a reality. Hence, an attempt has been made to assess the evolving speculations; will the geopolitical expansion of SCO unfold new opportunities or merely make SCO as another SAARC?


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwit Kurniawan

This study aims to explain the Buddha's teachings and philosophy Nietzsche in interpreting and contemplating the world and human suffering. Nietzsche and Buddhism, in particular aspects, have several similarities and differences that were fruitful to compare. Nietzsche was quite unaffected by Schopenhauer, who introduced Indian wisdom to the west. This paper has revealed that Buddha taught is to live with moral guidance. On the other hand, Nietzsche delivered value transvaluation to overcome suffering and nihilism conditions. Buddhism and Nietzsche had different views about desire and will. They started from quite similar initial assumptions about reality and certain ontological aspects; nevertheless, they had taken different solutions for human problems and axiological aspects.


2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Rohanda Rohanda ◽  
Dian Nurrachman

Imperialism and colonialism have spawned research centers that examine the parts of the world that they control. Through these centers, orientalists work to discuss, write, produce and perform the Eastern world on the stage of Western culture. Authenticity, exoticism and grandeur of the East are dismantled, stripped down, doubted and elusive. Through orientalist goggles, the East is produced as a "hybrid" form; no more pure and original East. East is used as a storage or projection of their own unfamiliar (read: the West) aspects, such as crime, moral decadence, and so on. On the other hand, the East is seen as a dazzling world of exotic and full of mystical seductions. Meanwhile, unlike the orientalism that was originally intended as a serious study of the cultures to legitimize Western colonial powers in the Eastern world, occidentalism is precisely born from the methodological problems of orientalism which is said to be objective. Whereas behind the objectivity is stored Western interests to dominate, rearrange, and control the East. Orientalism has sparked nativist intellectuals to question the validity of orientalist works in constructing Eastern stereotypes. It cannot be denied then that these two discourses - Orientalism and Occidentalism - are in a position between the clashes and the global cultural dialogue.Keywords: Orientalism, oxidentalism, imperialism, colonialism, conf­­lict, dialogue Imperialisme dan kolonialisme telah melahirkan pusat-pusat studi dan kajian yang menelaah belahan dunia yang dikuasainya. Melalui pusat-pusat kajian inilah, para orientalis bekerja untuk memperbincangkan, menulis, memproduksi dan mempertunjukkan dunia Timur di atas panggung kebudayaan Barat. Keaslian, keeksotisan dan keagungan Timur dibongkar, dipreteli, diragukan dan dibuat samar-samar. Melalui kacamata orientalis, Timur diproduksi sebagai suatu bentuk “hibrida”; tidak ada lagi Timur yang murni dan orisinal. Timur dijadikan tempat penyimpanan atau proyeksi dari aspek-aspek mereka sendiri (baca: Barat) yang tidak diakuinya, seperti kejahatan, dekadensi moral, dan lain-lain. Pada sisi lain, Timur dipandang sebagai dunia mempesonakan dari yang eksotis dan penuh dengan rayuan-rayuan mistis. Sementara itu, berbeda halnya dengan orientalisme yang sejak semula dimaksudkan sebagai kajian serius politik-budaya untuk melegitimasi kekuatan-kekuatan kolonial Barat di dunia Timur, oksidentalisme justeru lahir dari problem metodologis orientalisme yang katanya obyektif. Padahal di balik keobyektifan itu tersimpan kepentingan-kepentingan Barat untuk  mendominasi, menata kembali, dan menguasai Timur. Orientalisme telah memicu para intelektual nativis untuk mempertanyakan keabsahan (validitas) karya-karya para orientalis dalam membangun stereotip-stereotip ketimuran. Maka tidak dapat dipungkiri kemudian bahwa dua wacana ini — orientalisme dan oksidentalisme — berada dalam posisi di antara benturan dan dialogisme budaya global.Kata-kata kunci: orientalisme, oksidentalisme, imperialisme, kolo­nialisme, benturan, dialog 


2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf T. Kreutzer

Abstract Viele europäische Manager konzentrieren sich auf der Suche nach den neuesten Trends immer noch (zu häufig) auf den Westen. Ist das heute noch zeitgemäß – und vor allem – wird es den tatsächlichen Herausforderungen der Unternehmen und der Politik noch gerecht? Dieser Beitrag wurde angeregt durch zwei vom Deutschen Dialogmarketing Verband organisierte Reisen nach China, Japan und Südkorea, an denen der Autor in den letzten zwölf Monaten teilgenommen hat. In diesem ersten Beitrag leitet er einige zentrale Lektionen für das eigene Tun in Deutschland und Europa ab. Diese „Lektionen“ basieren zum einen auf dem Gesehenen und Gehörten vor Ort in China selbst. Dazu gehören auch weitere Gespräche mit China-Experten. Zum anderen erfolgte für diesen Beitrag ein intensives Studium der einschlägigen Veröffentlichungen zu den Entwicklungen in China, um so ein holistisches Bild von China und seinen Entwicklungen zu erhalten. Der Beitrag wird in der jetzigen Ausgabe von „Der Betriebswirt“ abgeschlossen und behandelt die Themen „Alibaba – Integration über verschiedene Leistungsfelder hinweg“, „JD.com – Amazon und UPS in einem“, „Eigenständige Lösungen durch konsequente Marktabschottung“, „Eroberung des globalen Automobil-Marktes“ sowie „People-Power“. Many European managers are still (too often) concentrating on the West in their search for the latest trends. Is this still appropriate today – and above all – does it still meet the real challenges of companies and politics? This article was inspired by two trips to China, Japan and South Korea organized by the German Dialog Marketing Association, in which the author has participated in the last twelve months. In this first article he derives some central lessons for actions of companies in Germany and Europe. These „lessons“ are based on the one hand on what has been seen and heard locally in China itself. This includes further discussions with China experts. On the other hand, an intensive study of the relevant publications on developments in China was carried out in order to obtain a holistic picture of China and its developments. Keywords: künstliche intelligenz, jd com, b2b, ant financial services, alibaba


1978 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Halverson

Even under the best of circumstances, “religion” can be a slippery term. In Buddhist Sri Lanka (Ceylon), it is especially so. Anthropologists recognize a religious complex that includes spirit exorcism as well as orthodox Buddhism; yet in Sinhalese usage, the word for religion, agama, applies to the latter but specifically excludes the former. On the other hand, from a Western perspective, orthodox “doctrinal” Buddhism—rationalistic, atheistic, non-supernatural—hardly seems to qualify as religion by any ordinary definition of the English word or its European equivalents. Indeed, that has, historically, been one of the strong appeals of Buddhism to the West. However, the terminological problem is not a vital one. Though it is well to keep in mind the indigenous distinctions, the various beliefs and practices of Sinhalese Buddhists so blend into one another and are so overtly connected, ritually and ideologically, that they present themselves as an identifiable complex that has been conventionally and justifiably called “religious.”


2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (4II) ◽  
pp. 925-931
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asaduzzaman

South Asia is home to nearly 1.4 billion people, a vast part of humanity. The countries in the region vary widely in the size of the population as well as area and physiography. On one side of the scale is India with a population of more than a billion while on the other side is Maldives with a population no more than half a million. There is Bangladesh which is essentially a flat delta, island countries such as Sri Lanka and Maldives and countries full of high rise mountains such as Nepal and Bhutan. In between are India and Pakistan with some of everything. While there are several such external differences among the countries in the region and their people, these are literally only skin-deep. The people in the region share, by and large, the same basic culture. In many cases the same or a similar language is spoken across the borders. There are, of course, local variations in the general pattern. But that diversity makes it all the more interesting and attractive. It is only natural that the countries of the region will band together to show a united face to the world. This is yet to happen, though.


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