scholarly journals The Determinants of Pakistan Exports of Textile: An Integrated Demand and Supply Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Latif ◽  
Attiya Yasmin Javid
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Trading Partners

The determinants of demand and supply of textile and clothing exports of Pakistan are examined for seven major trading partners (US, UK, Canada, Italy, France, Japan and Spain) over the period 1972 to 2013. The simultaneous equation model is estimated by Generalised Method of Moment to handle simultaneous equation bias and for consistent and more precise estimates classical Empirical Bayes technique is applied. The results reveal that income of trading partners and devaluation policy has important and significant role in explaining exports performance of textile and clothing of Pakistan. As regards the supply side, the relative prices and capacity variable are important in determining the textile and clothing exports, however, the real wages have significant but small effect on textile and clothing exports supply. The removal of quantitative restrictions fails to provide incentives to the suppliers. The high income elasticity for the demand suggests that focus should be on raising the factors which can help in expansion of textile and clothing products in local market and marked countries. Keywords: Textile and Clothing Exports of Pakistan, Simultaneous Equations, Real Effective Exchange Rate, Agreement on Textile and Clothing

scholarly journals PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN MINYAK GORENG SAWIT INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80
Author(s):  
Khoiru Rizqy Rambe ◽  
Nunung Kusnadi
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Simultaneous Equation Model ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Real Price

In the last 15 years, Indonesia palm-cooking oil price tend to increase significantly. The increase of palm-cooking oil price was driven by either its demand or supply. This study aimed to determine factors affecting of demand, supply, and Indonesia palm-cooking oil price. This research used time series data from 1990 to 2014. Simultaneous equation model was performed to analyse demand and supply of palm-cooking oil. The result indicated that income and population significantly influenced demand for palm-cooking oil. These implied that palm-cooking oil is categorized as normal good and staple food in Indonesia. While the price of palm-cooking oil, palm oil production, and real price of CPO Domestic significantly influenced supply of palm-cooking oil. Indonesia palm-cooking oil price was not significantly affected by its demand and supply.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN MAKANAN KHAS LANGKITANG DI PANTAI PADANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Waryono ◽  
Youmil Abrian ◽  
Hijriyantomi Suyuthie
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Equilibrium Price ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Simultaneous Equation Model ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Typical Food ◽  
The Cost

Padang Beach has a typical culinary tour like Langkitang. Typical food is one of the factors supporting a region's famous. This study aims to analyze the demand and supply of typical food langkitang in Padang Beach. In particular it aims to analyze the market balance that is influenced by the price of the goods itself, the price of the substitute, the consumer's income, the number of buyers, the cost of production, and the number of producers in the market. The type of research conducted in this study is the type of descriptive quantitative research by survey method. The population of this study are visitors who buy typical food Langkitang and typical food vendors Langkitang which has a stall in the area of ​​Padang Beach. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, the buyer is 10 people based on the number of samples from the merchant as many as 10 people, with the assumption that 1 trader 1 buyer. Data collection techniques used were observation, interview, documentation, and questionnaire. The data obtained will be analyzed and interpreted in accordance with the objectives and research hypotheses that have been proposed. The analysis was conducted using simultaneous equation model and market balance equation method. Based on the results of this study can be emphasized that the demand and supply of typical food Langkitang in Padang Beach has reached the point of market balance, which is at the equilibrium price of Rp. 4,600, - the proportion with the balance quantity of 32 servings. This means that the equilibrium price will determine the quantity of balance between demand and supply of typical food of Langkitang in Padang Beach. Break event point is on sale of 21 servings of Langkitang with revenue of Rp. 105.000, -.

Remittances, Economic Growth and Poverty: A Case of African OIC Member Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Nasim Shah Shirazi ◽  
Sajid Amin Javed ◽  
Dawood Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Simultaneous Equation Model ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of remittance inflows on economic growth and poverty reduction for seven African countries using annual data from 1992-2010. By using the depth of hunger as a proxy for poverty in a Simultaneous Equation Model (SEM), we find that remittances have statistically significant growth enhancing and poverty reducing impact. Drawing on our estimates, we conclude that financial development level significantly increases the remittances inflows and strengthens poverty alleviating impact of remittances. Results of our study further show a signficant interactive imapct of remittances and finacial develpment on economic growth, suggesting the substitutability between remittance inflows and financial development. We further find that 3 percentage point increase in credit provision to the private sector (financial development) can help eliminate the severe depth of hunger in the region. Remittances, serving an alternative source of private credit, can be effective in this regard. Keywords: Remittance Inflow, Poverty Alleviation, Financial Development, Simultaneous Equation Model

Determinants of Control System Design in Divisionalized Firms

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Abernethy ◽  
Jan Bouwens ◽  
Laurence van Lent
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
System Design ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Control System Design ◽  
Information Asymmetries ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data

We investigate two determinants of two choices in the control system of divisionalized firms, namely decentralization and use of performance measures. The two determinants are those identified in the literature as important to control system design: (1) information asymmetries between corporate and divisional managers and (2) division interdependencies. We treat decentralization and performance measurement choices as endogenous variables and examine the interrelation among these choices using a simultaneous equation model. Using data from 78 divisions, our results indicate that decentralization is positively related to the level of information asymmetries and negatively to intrafirm interdependencies, while the use of performance measures is affected by the level of interdependencies among divisions within the firm, but not by information asymmetries. We find some evidence that decentralization choice and use of performance measures are complementary.

scholarly journals The Effects of Reverse Knowledge Spillover on China’s Sustainable Development: Sustainable Development Indicators Based on Institutional Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1628
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Dong ◽  
Cheon Yu ◽  
Yun Seop Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Knowledge Spillover ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The One

This study investigates how reverse knowledge spillover (RKS) generated through outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) promotes sustainable development in an investment home country. Economic, social, and environmental dimensions are the pillars of sustainable development and their indicators are developed upon the concept of institutional quality. To this end, we use a balanced panel of 30 Chinese Mainland provinces from 2003 to 2016 and employ a simultaneous equation model to analyze the data in order to observe the direct and indirect effects of OFDI-induced RKS on sustainable development. The current study adopts several indicators to capture the economic, social, and environmental aspects of sustainable development. Additionally, we classify RKS into two types, given the investment destinations in terms of developed economies and emerging economies. On the one hand, our findings confirm that OFDI-induced RKS from developed economies facilitates domestic innovation but negatively affects progress on social and environmental development. On the other hand, OFDI-induced RKS from emerging economies is not conducive to domestic innovation, but it directly fosters sustainable development.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH BELANJA MODAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI SUMATERA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohana Pranita ◽  
Idris Idris
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
West Sumatra

Abstrak : This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of capital expenditureon economic growth and income inequality in West Sumatra. This research isdescriptive and inductive. The data used in this study is secondary data with datacollection using panel data obtained from BPS West Sumatra Province 2014-2018period with 19 regencies / cities in West Sumatra. This study analyzed using asimultaneous equation model (simultaneous equation regression model). The resultsof this study indicate that (1) Capital Expenditures have a significant effect onEconomic Growth in West Sumatra (2) Capital Expenditures have no significanteffect on Income Inequality in West Sumatra (3) Simultaneously Capital Expendituresand Economic Growth have a significant effect on Income Inequality in WestSumatra.Keyword : Capital Expenditure, Economic Growth, Income Inequality

scholarly journals Driving forces of economic growth in the second decade of transition

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (185) ◽  
pp. 7-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radmila Dragutinovic-Mitrovic ◽  
Olgica Ivancev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Eu Membership

This paper examines driving forces of economic growth in the second transition decade, by testing which determinants from the first decade remain dominant, and which new factors appear in explaining growth. To this end a panel simultaneous equation model is estimated based on a sample of 27 transition countries in the period 1999- 2009. According to the main findings of the paper initial conditions do not play a role in determining economic growth in the second decade, but macroeconomic stabilization and structural reforms still matter. However, in contrast to the first decade, the overall impact of structural reforms is not positive, indicating that difficult progress with reforms in the second decade could slow down economic growth. Moreover, EU membership seems to have the additional effect of slowing down the growth of the accessing countries, meaning that once a transition country becomes an EU member it has a similar growth path to other EU countries in terms of lower growth rates. All this indicates that only countries that undertook fast reforms in the early phase of transition experienced significant benefits from reforms, achieving higher levels of economic development and becoming closer to developed EU countries. Finally, investments and openness of the economy appear as new important determinants of growth.

scholarly journals A MODIFIED HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, DEMOCRACY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 732-743
Author(s):  
Erly Leiwakabessy ◽  
Amaluddin Amaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Central Java

Purpose of the study: Firstly, to construct a modified human development index by incorporating new dimensions (democracy and employment). Secondly, to measure and compare human development progress in Indonesian provinces. Thirdly, to examine the nexus between human development, economic growth, and democracy during the period 2010-2017. Methodology: Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method is employed to combining components into one index (composite index) which we call MHDI. The panel simultaneous equation model is applied to examine the nexus between human development, economic growth, and democracy. Main Findings: There were significant ranking differences between MHDI and HDI-UNDP in 24 provinces of 33 Indonesian provinces. The most significant ranking differences were found in several provinces, especially Maluku, West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Central Kalimantan. The study found a strong two-way relationship between human development and economic growth as well as between human development and democracy. Applications of this study: This study recommends that human development policies supported by rapid economic growth and democratic stability should be one of the development priorities through government spending and support from private investment (the private sector) which focuses on the development of education and health infrastructure throughout the Indonesian province. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study employs different methods for constructing a human development index by incorporating a new dimension (democracy and employment).

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