scholarly journals Dietary fiber and risk of coronary heart diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 001-009
Author(s):  
Chibuzo Carole Nweze ◽  
Eneh Williams Nebechukwu ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf Bawa
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases

Dietary fiber is the portion of plant-derived food that cannot be completely broken down by human digestive enzymes. Dietary fibers can be grouped generally by their solubility, viscosity, and fermentation, which affect how fibers are processed in the body. Dietary fiber has two main components: soluble fiber and insoluble fiber, which are components of plant foods, such as legumes, whole grains and cereals, vegetables, fruits, and nuts or seeds. Consumption of cereals, vegetable and fruit may lower the risk of coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease involves the reduction of blood flow to the heart muscle due to build-up of plaque on the arteries of the heart. Dietary fiber makes three primary contributions: bulking, viscosity and fermentation. The bulking effect of some fibers reduces constipation and the risk of colon disease because they absorb water, which increases bulking and promotes regularity. Viscosity effects on fibers reduce the absorption of cholesterol and other nutrients because of the formation of gels that attenuate postprandial blood glucose and lipid rises. The formation of gels also slows gastric emptying, maintaining levels of satiety and contributing towards less weight gain. In the fermentation process, the bacteria GIT helps to digest fiber through a process of microbial fermentation to generate short chain fatty acids like acetate, propionate and butyrate. Butyrate binds to G-protein coupled receptors on the brush borders of intestinal lining and trigger a signal cascade that release GLP-1 and PYY. These peptides behave like hormones to trigger satiety. One of the reasons for eating fiber rich foods is because they promote satiety and prevent uncontrollable quest for food. People that eat food low in fiber experience over feeding issues. When people over eat they consume more calories leading to weight gain and that contributes to obesity. Obesity is the accumulation of fats in fat tissues. Excess fats are converted to cholesterol (LDL) which accumulates on the walls of the arteries and prevent the flow of blood to the heart. This is prevented when an individual consumes foods rich in fiber.

scholarly journals Interactions between the Gut Microbiome, Lung Conditions, and Coronary Heart Disease and How Probiotics Affect These

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9700
Author(s):  
Trudy M. Wassenaar ◽  
Valentina A. Juncos ◽  
Kurt Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases

The importance of a healthy microbiome cannot be overemphasized. Disturbances in its composition can lead to a variety of symptoms that can extend to other organs. Likewise, acute or chronic conditions in other organs can affect the composition and physiology of the gut microbiome. Here, we discuss interorgan communication along the gut–lung axis, as well as interactions between lung and coronary heart diseases and between cardiovascular disease and the gut microbiome. This triangle of organs, which also affects the clinical outcome of COVID-19 infections, is connected by means of numerous receptors and effectors, including immune cells and immune-modulating factors such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and trimethlamine–N–oxide (TMAO). The gut microbiome plays an important role in each of these, thus affecting the health of the lungs and the heart, and this interplay occurs in both directions. The gut microbiome can be influenced by the oral uptake of probiotics. With an improved understanding of the mechanisms responsible for interorgan communication, we can start to define what requirements an ‘ideal’ probiotic should have and its role in this triangle.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Coronary Heart Diseases Risk Factors among Healthcare Male Students in KSAU-HS Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Awadelkarim Abdulla Elneama ◽  
Aamir Omair ◽  
Abdullah Abdulhadi Alharbi ◽  
Alhommedi Shaker Alhabbad ◽  
Raed Awadh Alshehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Physical Measurements

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition in which plaque builds up on the inner walls of coronary arteries and can lead to blood clot formation. It is the leading cause of death worldwide. Developing coronary heart disease takes long period and its risk factors can be found in young people. Objectives: Study of risk factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University in Riyadh. Non-probability convenience sampling was used to select 151 health care students. The data was collected through questionnaire and physical measurements. The data was entered and analyzed by SPSS. Results: More than half of the students eat fruits one or less time per week which accounts for 53.6%. Moreover, 28.5% of them eat vegetables one time or less per week. Regarding healthy food containing healthy fat such as fish, 76.2% of the students include healthy fat food in their diet more than two times per week. The percentage of those who eat fast food and consume soft drinks is 80.8% and 70.2% more than two times per week respectively. Furthermore, the percentage of the students who are smokers, either currently or occasionally is 49%. Concerning physical activity, 31.3% of the students exercise more than two times weekly, and only 7.3% of the students watch TV more than four hours per day. On the other hand, the majority which accounts for 54.3% of the students use computer, laptop, or tablet more than four hours per day. Regarding premature CAD, 3.3% of the students reported positive and 16.2% of them reported positive for CHD family history. Finally, 1.3% of the found to have DM.

scholarly journals Association of Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Diseases and Socio-demographic Characteristics of Civil Employees of Combined Military Hospital Dhaka

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-177
Author(s):  
Md Saydur Rahman ◽  
FM Shamim Ahmmed ◽  
Farzana Zafreen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
High Income Group ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Chd Risk Factors

Introduction: Risk factors are the most ruinous and mischievous ingredient to develop coronary heart diseases (CHD). Factors contributing to develop CHD and their associates are, therefore, of prime importance. It needs endless splurge to address the issue. Objectives: To identify the attributing risk factors and socio-demographic characteristics of coronary heart disease among civilian employees of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka. Materials and Methods:  This observational study was conducted on 287 civil employees of CMH, Dhaka from September to December 2011. Data were collected by interview using questionnaire and check list which includes blood pressure measurement, anthropometric measurement and biochemical examinations. Results: Respondent’s age range was 23 to 59 years, educational level up to class VIII were 56.4 % and more than that were 36.6%, illiterate were 7%. Regarding income low, medium and high income group were 40.4%, 56.8% and 2.8% respectively. It was found that 68.6% had normal BP, 61.3% practices moderate exercise. Among the respondents 72.2% has got 1-5 risk factors of CHD. Risk factors (p <0.001) were significantly associated with age. Conclusion: This study finding is suggestive of association between risk factors of CHD and socio-demographic characteristics among the study population.  Care through motivation, avoidance of risk behaviour, addressing clinical conditions can resist risk factors of CHD thus coronary heart disease can be prevented. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 175-177

scholarly journals ROLE OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN HEART DISEASES

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
NAMRATA KHAIRNAR ◽  
PRASHANT PINGALE ◽  
SUNIL AMRUTKAR
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases

Heart disease is a common occurrence in older patients in the civilized culture, and the rate is predicted to rise as the software advances. Patients with heart disease should be intended to eat a salt-free diet to lose adiposity. Diet is also critical for heart disease patients; those with nutrition deficits have a low deep prognosis. A growing body of research indicates a correlation between heart disease and a lack of micronutrients. Repairable heart disease has been linked to thiamine and selenium deficiency. Micronutrients and heart disease may, nevertheless, have a more moderate association, according to recent research. This article looks at studies that looked at micronutrient consumption, supplement effectiveness, and micronutrient ingestion in heart disease patients, with an emphasis on retinol, ascorbic acid, a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin B1, other B vitamins, cholecalciferol, folate, iron, and copper. Because aging is the leading cause of coronary heart disease, treatments intended to reduce down the aging process or improving life expectancy are distinctly different from their standards for the treatment of coronary heart disease. Altering risky life decisions which might relate to aging and coronary heart diseases, such as nicotine usage, obesity, and unique lifestyles, is increasingly become part of the quality of practice.

Periodontal condition in Japanese coronary heart disease patients: A comparison between coronary and non‐coronary heart diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Aoyama ◽  
Naho Kobayashi ◽  
Tomoya Hanatani ◽  
Norihiko Ashigaki ◽  
Asuka Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Condition

scholarly journals Rational of Current Practice of Prescribing Statin to Treat Dyslipidaemia as Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Elderly People

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Asif Manwar ◽  
Michael Y Henein ◽  
Md Nurul Amin ◽  
Khaled Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases

Background: The efficacy of statin therapy in preventing both primary and secondary coronary heart diseases in young and middle aged people is well known and well supported by numbers of landmark clinical trials. Literatures addressing reduction of cholesterol level in elderly (septogenarians & octogenarians) as primary prevention strategy for coronary heart diseases are scarce. The elderly population rarely suffer from primary heart attack and as such routine prescribing of statin to treat dyslipidaemia as primary prevention of coronary heart disease is controversial, particularly when there are reports that statin therapy in elderly population causes cancer, haemorrhagic stroke, dementia and so on. The present study was aimed at answering these questions in order to help formulating a separate guideline for statin therapy in elderly. Methods: The present study reviewed literatures of recent and recent past origin. A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, CANCERLIT and the Cochrane Systematic Review Database have been used to identify randomized clinical trials of statin use with the main focus on primary or secondary end point of CHD, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), cardiac death, overall death, stroke and cancer diagnosis or cancer death. To be included in this review, (1) the entire study subjects or a sub-group were of age 55 years or more (2) had a mean (or median) duration of patient follow-up of at least 1 year, (3) enrolled a minimum of 100 patients, and (4) reported data on the incidence of either cancer diagnosis or cancer death in the elderly population. Conclusions: The study concludes that statin therapy in elderly people may not provide additional benefit in the prevention of primary cardiovascular diseases or death due to primary cardiovascular events. Though most of the studies ruled out excess risk of cancer or other noncardiovascular events, their probability cannot be entirely ignored. However, there is report that addition of statin to the existing drug schedule of elderly subjects does not cause drug interaction. Large-scale, randomized trial on truly representative population with long term follow up will provide authentic data to answer the question whether statin therapy in elderly people with dyslipidaemia can prevent primary heart diseases. Key words: Statin; primary prevention; coronary heart disease; dyslipidemia; elderly people. Ibrahim Card Med J 2011; 1(1):45-55

Abstract P317: Association of Dietary Insulin Index, Insulin Load With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Us Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
Frank B Hu ◽  
Laura Sampson ◽  
Mary Franz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

Introduction: Dietary insulin index and insulin load were developed to quantify the insulinogenice effects of various foods to capture the postprandial insulin response elicited by carbohydrate, protein and fat intake. However, the association between dietary insulin index, dietary insulin load with risk of coronary heart disease is unknown. Methods: Based on the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), two large prospective cohort studies of US women and men, we included 76,277 women and 42,689 men into our study with dietary information measured every 4 years. We excluded participants with a baseline history of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, or cancer. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used, adjusting for major risk factors for coronary heart diseases. We modeled dietary insulin index and insulin load using simple update, cumulative average, continue updating and stop updating after intermediate outcomes. Results: The multivariate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals comparing the highest vs. the lowest quintile of dietary insulin index was 1.08 (95% CI: 0.95-1.23; p for trend=0.66) for women, and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.98-1.17; p for trend =0.02) for men. For dietary insulin load, the adjusted HR was 1.1 (95% CI: 0.97-1.25; p for trend=0.50) for women and 1.05 (95%CI: 0.96-1.14; p for trend=0.10) for men. Results were similar across different analytic methods. Conclusion: In this cohort of US women and men, we did not observe a strong positive between dietary insulin index or dietary load and risk of coronary heart diseases.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ASPIRIN WITH REGARD TO THE AGE OF THE PERSONS SUFFERING FROM CORONARY HEART DISEASE.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Ian Naylor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Group Distribution

The present invention is related to the effectiveness of aspirin with age of person suffering from coronary heart disease. One of major cause which was observed in selected groups of patients was smoking. The age group distribution with persons who were selected for aspirin treatment who were actually has coronary heart diseases.

scholarly journals Fuzzy-based Decision for Coronary Heart Disease Diagnosis: Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Afrina Safira Dianirani ◽  
Zefanya Debby Claudia
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Fatty Material ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Effective Diagnosis

Coronary heart disease is usually caused by a buildup of fatty material and plaque inside the coronary arteries. The death rate caused by coronary heart diseases is threatening around the world. For the past two decades, most of the people from developing countries are suffering from heart disease. Diagnosing these diseases at earlier stages helps patients reduce the risk of death and also in reducing the cost of treatment. Decisions in medical diagnosis are mostly taken by expert’s experiences. In many cases, not all the expert’s experiences contribute towards effective diagnosis of a disease. Many alternative methods have been suggested for medical diagnosis in the healthcare domain. However, evaluating the functionality of coronary heart diseases diagnosis systems remains challenging. The purpose of this paper is to perform a study on literature related to fuzzy-based decision for diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Accordingly, the research gathered studies related to fuzzy-based decision for diagnosis of coronary heart disease between the periode 2016-2021.

Possibilities for treating aspirin-i lesions of the stomach and duodenum in patients with chronic coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Borovkova ◽  
M. V. Buyanova ◽  
T. E. Bakka ◽  
M. P. Nistratova ◽  
T. V. Vlasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pge2 Level ◽  
Endogenous Prostaglandins ◽  
Chronic Coronary Heart Disease

To evaluate possibilities of aspirin-induced gastroduodenopathy treatment in the patients with chronic ischemic heart disease by means of applying the internal endogenous prostaglandins stimulant.  Material and methods. 340 patients suffering from chronic coronary heart disease and receiving a long-term acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) therapy were examined on the base of the cardiovascular care unit of The Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semaschko. There were evaluated frequency, nature and severity of the aspirin-induced gastroduodenopathy. The patients with coronary heart disease and aspirin-induced gastroduodenopathy were divided in two groups. In the first group of patients there was applied rebamipide therapy (in a single daily dose 300 mg) in combination with the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) — pantoprazole. In the second group there was applied only pantoprazole therapy. For the purpose of specification of AIG pathogenetic mechanisms development, all the examined chronic coronary heart disease cases were tested on the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level in blood serum before the therapy beginning and after the treatment. The control group was formed of chronic coronary heart disease patients showing no AIG evidence. Statistical processing of the received data was fulfilled with the program «Statistika 10.0». Results. AIG was registered in 15% out of 340 chronic coronary heart disease patients. According to the endoscopic examination erosive disease of the body and antrum prevailed among the patients. The PGE2 level in the blood serum was significantly lower (р = 0,00087) in these patients in comparison with the control group. In association with PPI and rebamipide mixed therapy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy results showed no pathological findings in gastrointestinal mucosa and statistically significant (р = 0,00067) blood serum PGE2 level growing in all the treated patients. As a result of exclusive PPI therapy there was marked positive dynamics in endoscopic view in 19 out of 25 patients and a tendency to normalization of PGE2 level in the blood serum. However, PGE2 level growing was insignificant. Conclusion. The presented research demonstrates the possibility of AIG treatment with the use of internal endogenous prostaglandins stimulant — rebamipide in complex with proton pump inhibitor PPI therapy.

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