The importance of nutrition in protecting the elderly from COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 064-071
Author(s):  
Memnune Sengul ◽  
Seda Ufuk
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nutrition Habits

The coronavirus (COVID-19), which emerged in the province of Wuhan in China in December 2019, is a pandemic that threatens all humanity. In this pandemic, so far elderly people appear to be the most vulnerable group. Adequate and balanced nutrition is required for the immune system of the body to fight against any diseases. Covid-19 has a direct correlation with nutrition habits, especially in elderly people. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the risk of COVID-19 and nutrition in elderly individuals.

scholarly journals Hubungan Tren Bersepeda dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Imunitas Tubuh Lansia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Ema Novita Deniati ◽  
Annisaa Annisaa
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The number of positive incidents, mortality and mortality due to Covid-19 is getting higher. In 2020, around 76.7% of elderly people died because of Covid-19 from the total number of patients who died due to Covid-19. This increasing number is not in line with the activity of cycling trends that were rife during the Covid-19 pandemic. So that there is a mismatch with the principles of health sports, namely sports to improve the health status of sports players. Therefore, this study is important to do to determine the relationship between cycling trends during the pandemic and increased immunity, especially for the elderly. The research method used is a literature review of various research articles that have been published in various journals indexed by Google Scholar, Research Gate, Scopus, and PubMed. The articles reviewed were articles related to cycling and the immunity of the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the analysis of the articles that have been done, there is a relationship between cycling and the immunity of the elderly. However, the SARS CoV-2 virus can infect healthy people without symptoms which then spreads to the elderly and causes high cases of mortality in the elderly. So that it requires active participation by all parties to prevent the spread of Covid-19 and improve the immune system in the midst of a pandemic with cycling.   Abstrak: Angka kejadian positif, mordibitas, dan mortalitas akibat Covid-19 semakin tinggi. Pada tahun 2020 terdapat sekitar 76,7% lansia yang meninggal karena Covid-19 dari total keseluruhan pasien meninggal akibat Covid-19. Angka yang semakin naik tersebut tidak sejalan dengan aktifitas tren bersepeda yang marak diminati saat pandemi Covid-19. Sehingga terdapat ketidaksesuaian dengan prinsip olahraga kesehatan yaitu olahraga untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan bagi pelaku olahraga. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara tren bersepeda dimasa pandemi terhadap peningkatan imunitas tubuh khususnya bagi lansia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu review literatur dari berbagai artikel penelitian yang telah terpublikasi dalam berbagai jurnal yang terindeks Google Cendekia, Research Gate, Scopus, dan PubMed. Artikel yang direview yaitu artikel yang berhubungan dengan olahraga bersepeda dan imunitas tubuh lansia dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Berdasarkan analisis artikel yang telah dilakukan, terdapat hubungan antara olahraga bersepeda dengan imunitas tubuh lansia. Namun, virus SARS CoV-2 dapat menjangkit pada orang sehat tanpa gejala yang kemudian menyebar ke lansia dan menyebabkan tingginya kasus mortalitas pada lansia. Sehingga diperlukan partisipasi aktif oleh semua pihak untuk mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 dan meningkatkan sistem imunitas tubuh di tengah pandemi dengan olahraga bersepeda.

scholarly journals Differences between the Sexes in the Relationship between Chronic Pain, Fatigue, and QuickDASH among Community-Dwelling Elderly People in Japan

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 630
Author(s):  
Satoshi Shimo ◽  
Yuta Sakamoto ◽  
Takashi Amari ◽  
Masaaki Chino ◽  
Rie Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Elderly Healthcare ◽  
Disability Research

Chronic pain and fatigue have negative effects on the health, ADL, work, and hobbies of the elderly. As the proportion of people 65 years of age and older in the population increases, chronic pain and disability research regarding this group is receiving more consideration. However, little empirical evidence of the association between chronic pain, fatigue, and physical disability between the sexes is available. This study investigated the association between chronic pain, fatigue, and instrumental activities of daily living among community-dwelling elderly people by sex in Japan. Concerning the presence of chronic pain, 61% of males and 78% of females reported chronic pain, indicating that many elderly people living in the community suffer from chronic pain and fatigue on a daily basis. The number of sites of chronic pain was higher in females than in males (p = 0.016), with more chronic pain in the knees (p < 0.001) and upper arms (p = 0.014). Regarding chronic pain, males showed a higher correlation with QuickDASH-DS (rs = 0.433, p = 0.017) and QuickDASH-SM (rs = 0.643, p = 0.018) than females. Furthermore, fatigue also showed a higher correlation with QuickDASH-W (rs = 0.531, p = 0.003) in males than in females. These results indicate that the association between chronic pain, fatigue, and QuickDASH differed between the sexes among community-dwelling elderly people in Japan. A better understanding of the risk factors for elderly chronic pain and fatigue among sexes will facilitate the development of elderly healthcare welfare and policies.

Mourning and Reminiscence: Parallel Psychotherapeutic Processes for Elderly People

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Viney ◽  
Yvonne N. Benjamin ◽  
Carol Preston
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Personal Construct Theory ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Processes ◽  
Construct Theory ◽  
The Relationship

Mourning and reminiscence are therapeutic processes common in therapeutic work with the elderly. However, a theoretical explanation of why they are effective has been lacking. Personal construct theory accounts for both in terms of the search of elderly persons for validation of their construct systems. In this article, this explanation of the parallel psychotherapeutic processes is explored, together with relevant information from the literature on mourning and reminiscence. Therapeutic case studies illustrate the characteristics of the two processes and the relationship between them.

scholarly journals Different equations for determining height among the elderly: the Bambuí cohort study of aging

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa de Oliveira Siqueira ◽  
Bruna Vieira de Lima Costa ◽  
Aline Cristine Souza Lopes ◽  
Luana Caroline dos Santos ◽  
Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Measurement Height ◽  
High Concordance

The aim of this study was to compare measured height with estimates of height derived from equations using half arm-span measurements and assess how this affects the calculation of the body mass index (BMI) among elderly individuals. Direct height measurements of a subsample of elderly individuals from the baseline sample of the Bambuí Project were compared with estimates of height derived from equations proposed by Bassey and the WHO. The data was analyzed using the McNemar test, Lin concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and Bland-Altman method (p < 0.05). Estimates of height using the WHO method showed a low CCC in relation to measured height. For BMI, the concordance was greater. However, with this method height was found to be underestimated so leading to the overestimation of BMI. The Bassey equation showed high concordance with measured height in elderly people over 80 years of age. With respect to BMI, the WHO method resulted in a much greater prevalence of overweight, whereas the estimates derived from the Bassey method did not differ from the results obtained from direct height measurement. Height estimates using the Bassey equation were similar to the results obtained from direct measurements, suggesting that this method is applicable.

scholarly journals Relationship of Depression, Aging and Immune System During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Iylia Binti Fauzi ◽  
Siti Fatimah Binti Salleh ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat Hossen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

COVID-19 is a highly contagious virus that first appeared in China in December 2019. It has affected over 157 million people and killed over 3.2 million. The paper reviews the function of the immune system for COVID-19 prevention, depression, and anxiety due to COVID-19 and their effects on the immune system and the relationship of aging with the immune system and depression and anxiety. It has been found that several elderly people lack the coping mechanisms required to deal with the stress caused by COVID-19. Hence, identifying the factors and mechanisms that lead to this resilience will aid in the development of preventive measures for certain elderly people and groups with more severe mental health problems. Additionally, it would be beneficial to understand how technology could be leveraged to accomplish this goal. During the pandemic, various steps such as social isolation, quarantine, and self-isolation are needed to be implemented properly to slow the spread of the virus. Meanwhile, to help halt the pandemic, everybody must be vaccinated as soon as possible until any bans on social gatherings and social isolation can be removed, allowing other sectors such as schooling, social activities, and life to resume normalcy.

scholarly journals Nutrition and Healthy Aging: Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4337
Author(s):  
Neri Maria Cristina ◽  
d’Alba Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Effective Prevention

Nutritional well-being is a fundamental aspect for the health, autonomy and, therefore, the quality of life of all people, but especially of the elderly. It is estimated that at least half of non-institutionalized elderly people need nutritional intervention to improve their health and that 85% have one or more chronic diseases that could improve with correct nutrition. Although prevalence estimates are highly variable, depending on the population considered and the tool used for its assessment, malnutrition in the elderly has been reported up to 50%. Older patients are particularly at risk of malnutrition, due to multiple etiopathogenetic factors which can lead to a reduction or utilization in the intake of nutrients, a progressive loss of functional autonomy with dependence on food, and psychological problems related to economic or social isolation, e.g., linked to poverty or loneliness. Changes in the aging gut involve the mechanical disintegration of food, gastrointestinal motor function, food transit, intestinal wall function, and chemical digestion of food. These alterations progressively lead to the reduced ability to supply the body with adequate levels of nutrients, with the consequent development of malnutrition. Furthermore, studies have shown that the quality of life is impaired both in gastrointestinal diseases, but especially in malnutrition. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of malnutrition in elderly people is necessary to promote the knowledge of age-related changes in appetite, food intake, homeostasis, and body composition in order to better develop effective prevention and intervention strategies to achieve healthy aging.

scholarly journals Association of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism with cognitive abilities variability of elderly people

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
А.В. Марусин ◽  
О.А. Макеева ◽  
К.В. Вагайцева ◽  
А.В. Бочарова ◽  
М.Г. Сваровская ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Isoforms ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Gene ◽  
Median Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Physiological changes in the brain with natural aging and the development of dementia have a common genetic basis, which makes it important to search for genetic variants that delineate the natural decline in cognitive abilities with age and dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Objective: the search for the relationship between two polymorphic variants (rs429358 and rs7412) APOE gene and their protein isoforms (apoE) with the variability of cognitive functions in the elderly, determined by Montreal Cognitive Assessmnet (MoCA) total score. The study was performed on a group of 695 elderly people (177 men and 518 women) tested by a battery of MoCA tests. Genotyping was carried out by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. The analysis of genotypic variability associations with the nominal trait was performed by the Kruskel-Wallis and the median test nonparametric methods.It was shown that the rs429358*C allele carriers and protein isoforms e4/e4+e2/e4+e3/e4 carriers in comparison with the e3/e3 homozygous have the greatest risk of decreased cognitive abilities in old age (OR (95% CI) was 1.51 (1.09 - 2.10), c = 6.66, p = 0.01 and OR = 1.64, 95% CI (1.11 - 2.44), c = 6.76, p = 0.009, respectively). Probably, the revealed associations indicate to the presence of common genes and mechanisms for dementia and intellect with normal variability of cognitive functions inheritance.

scholarly journals Prediction equations for the estimation of body composition in the elderly using anthropometric data

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolein Visser ◽  
Ellen Van Den Heuvel ◽  
Paul Deurenberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
The Relationship

To study the relationship between health and nutritional status in elderly populations, information about body composition is essential. To collect this information in large epidemiological studies, practical methods based on anthropometric data must be available. In the present study the relationship between body composition, determined by densitometry, and anthropometric data in 204 elderly men and women, aged 60–87 years, was analysed. Existing prediction equations described in the literature, and mainly based on young and middle-aged subjects, generally underestimated percentage body fat in the elderly study population. Therefore, new prediction equations were developed, based on sex and the sum of two (biceps and triceps) or four (biceps, triceps, suprailiaca and subscapula) skinfolds or the body mass index (BMI). Addition of age or body circumferences to the models did not improve the prediction of body density. Internal cross validation and external validation revealed that the formulas are valid for the estimation of body density in elderly subjects. The standard errors of estimate of the three models, expressed as percentage body fat, were 5.6, 5.4 and 4.8% respectively.

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