Health status of incoming students at FES-I

Introduction: The health diagnosis performed by the POSALUD service, in the EMA to incoming students, allows the development of protocols for care and prevention of diseases and habits that may jeopardize the health of students and thus their academic performance. Objective: To analyze the state of health with which first-year students enter FES-I. Methodology: Based on Supo's taxonomy, this is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical and prospective study. Dietary habits, oral hygiene, consumption of harmful substances, recreational activities, sleep quality and contraceptive use were analyzed by frequency according to gender. Results: Women reported a significantly higher prevalence (p<0.050) in the consumption of food prepared at home, oral hygiene, alcohol consumption and smoking. They also reported a low frequency of physical and cultural activities. The majority of the students reported a good quality of physiological sleep, finally the students with sexual life, the majority reported using a contraceptive method almost always,in the latter there was no statistical significance. Conclusion: The studies provide a diagnosis that allows the university health programs to provide integral attention to the students, promoting prevention as the main working tool in the PROSALUD service.

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ORAL HYGIENE PRACTICES OF FIRST AND FINAL YEAR DENTAL STUDENTS AT FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i1.4325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 275-80

Author(s):

Emaan Ahsin ◽

Sadia Ahsin

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Students ◽

P Value ◽

First Year ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

University College ◽

Plaque Control

Objective: To compare personal oral hygiene practices between first and final year dental students of Foundation University College of Dentistry (FUCD). Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad, from Mar to May 2019. Methodology: A pre-structured questionnaire was distributed to students of first and final year BDS classes with questions related to seven basic oral hygiene practices. These included frequency of teeth cleaning, time spent in cleaning teeth, tools used for cleaning teeth, frequency of changing toothbrushes, use of secondary plaque control methods, whether or not students cleaned their tongue, and how often they visited a dentist. Results: Only 2 out of 7 practices, (i.e. more frequency of brushing, 45/52 (86.5% in final year vs 25/47 (53.1% infirst year and usage of floss 22/52 (42.3%) in final year vs 9/47 (19.1%) in first year) were found to be significantly better in final year students when compared to first year BDS students with a p-value of 0.012 and 0.04 respectively. The remaining differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: When compared with first year BDS students, only 2 out of 7recommended oral hygiene practiceswere found to be better in final year students. Therefore, there is a need for greater emphasis on oral hygienepractices at undergraduate educational years.

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Bedtime Oral Hygiene Behaviours, Dietary Habits and Children’s Dental Health

Children ◽

10.3390/children8050416 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 416

Author(s):

George Kitsaras ◽

Michaela Goodwin ◽

Michael P. Kelly ◽

Iain A. Pretty

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Dental Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

General Anaesthetic ◽

Dental Disease ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Important Relationship ◽

Bedtime Routine

Background: Oral hygiene behaviours as well as dietary habits before bed can affect children’s dental health resulting in higher prevalence of dental disease. Dental disease can affect children’s health, development and even school performance. If left untreated, dental disease can progress and it can lead to extractions under general anaesthetic causing further distress for children and families. Consistent and appropriate oral hygiene behaviours and dietary habits can prevent dental diseases from occurring in the first place. Objective: This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between oral hygiene behaviours, dietary habits around bedtime and children’s dental health. Methods: A total of 185 parents with children between the ages of 3 and 7 years from deprived areas participated in the study. Data on bedtime routine activities were collected using an automated text-survey system. Children’s dental health status was established through examination of dental charts and dmft (decayed, missed, filled teeth) scores. Results: In total, 52.4% of parents reported that their children’s teeth were brushed every night. The majority of children (58.9%) had dmft scores over zero. In total, 51 (46.7% of children with dmft score over 0 and 27.5% of all children) children had active decay. The mean dmft score for those experiencing decay was 2.96 (SD = 2.22) with an overall mean dmft score of 1.75 (SD = 2.24). There were significant correlations between frequency of tooth brushing, frequency of snacks/drinks before bed and dmft scores (r = −0.584, p < 0.001 and r = 0.547, p = 0.001 respectively). Finally, higher brushing frequency was associated with a lower likelihood of a dmft score greater than 0 (Exp(B) = 0.9). Conclusions: Despite families implementing oral hygiene behaviours as part of their bedtime routines those behaviours varied in their consistency. Results of this study highlight the need for additional studies that consider bedtime routine-related activities and especially the combined effects of oral hygiene practices and dietary habits due to their potentially important relationship with children’s dental health.

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Perception and Knowledge of Patients from Different Regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia towards Oral Hygiene and Oral Hygiene Aids

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9050592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 592

Author(s):

Shamoukh Alshahrani ◽

Abrar Alshuaibi ◽

Malak Alkhaldi ◽

Pradeep Koppolu

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Educational Program ◽

Response Rate ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Floss ◽

Survey Response Rate ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the perception and awareness of interdental aids in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted, in order to evaluate the perception and knowledge of patients towards oral hygiene products among the population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In total, 812 out of 1124 participants responded and completed the survey (response rate 72.2%). The data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire in English and Arabic. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS 20 software. p < 0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance. Results: A total of 812 participants responded, of which 486 participants (60%) declared using a toothpaste and toothbrush for cleaning their teeth. The cohort consisted of 274 (34%) females who brushed twice daily, while 96 (33%) males brushed their teeth once a day and 18% of the participants did not even brush once a day. The results indicated that 332 (64%) female participants and 174 (60%) male participants had perception and knowledge of the use of dental floss or any other device to clean between their teeth, while 174 (48.50%) male participants and 174 (49.10%) female participants cleaned their tongue with the same brush, rather than using a tongue scrubber or any other aids. Conclusion: The total awareness of interdental aids in Saudi Arabia is unsatisfactory, as demonstrated by the participants not being conscious or informed about the maintenance of their oral health. A majority of participants did not report adopting basic techniques, such as tongue brushing. This study reveals that no interdental aids were used by 16% of the participants. Thus, it is crucial to develop an effective educational program which emphasizes oral healthcare in this population.

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Physical and Sedentary Activities and Childhood Overweight/Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study among First-Year Children of Primary Schools in Modena, Italy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18063221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 3221

Author(s):

Stefania Paduano ◽

Antonella Greco ◽

Lucia Borsari ◽

Chiara Salvia ◽

Stefano Tancredi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Parental Education ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Family Characteristics ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

First Year ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sedentary Activities

Children obesity is a serious public health issue. This study aimed to investigate physical/sedentary activities of first-year primary schools children in Modena, and their association with overweight/obesity and dietary habits of children and family characteristics to identify the risk factors for unhealthy lifestyles. Child physical/sedentary activities were gathered through an anonymous questionnaire administered to parents, as well as family characteristics and weight/height of child and parents. Logistic regression models, eventually adjusted for parents’ sociodemographic characteristics, were used to analyze data. Questionnaires were delivered by 660 families (74.2%), of which 72 without anthropometric data were excluded. Three out of four children spent in physical activities less than 7 h/week, while 63.9% dedicated to sedentary activities two or more hours/day. From multivariate analysis, the habit significantly affecting children’s overweight/obesity was spending time on tablets/Personal Computers/mobile phones/videogames. Higher parental education level resulted in a protective factor for implementing unhealthy lifestyles in terms of time dedicated to physical/sedentary activities. Our results suggest the need of interventions to increase time for physical activity and to promote a responsible use of digital media involving the entire families to reach all parents regardless of their education and nationality with a possible relapse on other family members.

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Associated Factors with Adopting Preventive Behaviors for Breast Cancer in Iran

Archives of Breast Cancer ◽

10.32768/abc.20207133-39 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 33-39

Author(s):

Marzieh Hajikarimbaba ◽

Rahman Panahi ◽

Leila Dehghankar

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

First Year ◽

Preventive Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Year Students ◽

Good Level ◽

Study Population

Background: Considering the remarkable role of students in society and the relatively high prevalence of breast cancer in women, this study aimed to determine the factors related to adopting preventive behaviors for breast cancer in students.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 375 female students of Qazvin city, who were selected by stratified random sampling during the year 2019. Data collection tools included a demographic and contextual questionnaire and a valid and reliable questionnaire for measuring breast cancer preventive behaviors. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software program, descriptive statistics and logistic regression.Results: Using there was a statistically significant relationship between adopting preventive behaviors against breast cancer and physical activity (P <0.001), so that the chances of adopting good preventive behaviors in students with "occasionally", "rarely" and "never" physical activity were respectively 0.410, 0.113, and 0.098 times chance for the students with daily physical activity. There was a significant relationship between breast cancer prevention and academic years (p= 0.027), so that the chances of adopting good-level preventive behaviors in the senior students was 1.498 times higher than the first year students. There was also a significant relationship between adopting preventive behaviors and employment (P = 0.017), so that the chances of adopting good-level preventive behaviors in unemployed students was 1.725 times higher than that of the employed students.Conclusion: Students with lower education and less physical activity and the employed individuals less commonly adopted preventive behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to these students in designing educational programs.

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Food Fortification: The Level of Awareness among Kenyan Consumers

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2020/8486129 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Amaya Aura Linda ◽

Florence Kyallo ◽

Judith K. Okoth ◽

Peter Kahenya ◽

Anselimo Makokha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Food Fortification ◽

Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Government ◽

Study Participants

More than half of the morbidity and mortality cases among children in Kenya are as a result of micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs). Food fortification is considered by the Government of Kenya as a feasible strategy for addressing MNDs. Worldwide, fortification has been proven to be effective since it does not require any change in dietary habits. Success of large-scale food fortification however may depend on consumer awareness of the fortification benefits. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 counties to collect information on fortification awareness using structured questionnaires. 1435 respondents were selected using the Lot Quality Assurance Sampling method. Data were analyzed using Stata version 14.0 and statistical significance p<0.05. The study participants were described using descriptive statistics. The association of sociodemographic characteristics and awareness of fortification was performed using binary logistic regression analysis. The median age of the study participants was 35 years. Only 28% of the respondents were aware of the term “fortification.” Of the respondents, about 27% heard of food fortification through radio. Vernacular radio emerged as the most preferred channel for communicating fortification information among 24.9% of the respondents. Although awareness of vitamins (32%) and minerals (1.5%) was limited, most (76%) respondents reported of existence of health risks for lacking micronutrients. Awareness of food fortification was significantly associated with respondents’ occupation (p< 0.001), household size (p=0.012), education levels (p<0.001), and age (p=0.025). There is need for a wider use of broadcast media sources to modify information and education materials to promote fortification awareness among Kenyan consumers.

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Anatomy of Teaching Anatomy: Do Prosected Cross Sections Improve Students Understanding of Spatial and Radiological Anatomy?

Anatomy Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/8984704 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. B. Samarakoon ◽

S. Vithoosan ◽

S. Kokulan ◽

M. M. Dissanayake ◽

D. J. Anthony ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

First Year ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Year Students ◽

Radiological Anatomy ◽

Teaching Anatomy ◽

And Gender ◽

Identical Series

Introduction. Cadaveric dissections and prosections have traditionally been part of undergraduate medical teaching. Materials and Methods. Hundred and fifty-nine first-year students in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, were invited to participate in the above study. Students were randomly allocated to two age and gender matched groups. Both groups were exposed to identical series of lectures regarding anatomy of the abdomen and conventional cadaveric prosections of the abdomen. The test group (n=77, 48.4%) was also exposed to cadaveric cross-sectional slices of the abdomen to which the control group (n=82, 51.6%) was blinded. At the end of the teaching session both groups were assessed by using their performance in a timed multiple choice question paper as well as ability to identify structures in abdominal CT films. Results. Scores for spatial and radiological anatomy were significantly higher among the test group when compared with the control group (P<0.05, CI 95%). Majority of the students in both control and test groups agreed that cadaveric cross section may be useful for them to understand spatial and radiological anatomy. Conclusion. Introduction of cadaveric cross-sectional prosections may help students to understand spatial and radiological anatomy better.

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Do Dutch nutrition and dietetics students meet nutritional requirements during education?

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980013001237 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 1237-1244 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joke J van der Kruk ◽

Harriët Jager-Wittenaar ◽

Roos MB Nieweg ◽

Cees P van der Schans

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Longitudinal Research ◽

First Year ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Year Students ◽

Dietary Record ◽

Nutrition And Dietetics

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the dietary intakes of Dutch nutrition and dietetics students with the Dutch RDA and the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS), and to assess whether dietary intake changes during education.DesignCross-sectional and longitudinal research (2004–2010).SettingData collection by 7 d dietary record and questionnaire.SubjectsDutch nutrition and dietetics students.ResultsThree hundred and fifty-two first-year and 216 fourth-year students were included. One hundred and thirty-three students in three cohorts were assessed twice. Of first-year students, >80 % met the RDA for all macronutrients. Of these students only 37 % met the RDA for fibre and in 43 % intake of saturated fat was too high. Fourth-year students more often met the RDA for fruits (55 %) and vegetables (74 %) compared with first-year students (32 % and 40 %, respectively). Intake of fruits and vegetables of both first- and fourth-year students was much higher than that of DNFCS participants (where 2 % and 7 %, respectively, met the corresponding RDA). Only <25 % of fourth-year students met the RDA for Fe, Se and vitamin D. In the cohorts, dietary intake for all macronutrients stabilised from the first to the fourth year (>80 %). Intakes of dietary fibre, Ca, Mg, Se, riboflavin, niacin, fruits, vegetables and fish improved significantly during education.ConclusionsDietary intake of nutrition and dietetics students is much better than that of DNFCS participants and improved during education. However, there is still a gap between actual dietary intake and the RDA, especially for Fe, Se and vitamin D.

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Alcohol Consumption, Smoking and Substance Use in First and Final Year of Nursing School

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1253 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S704-S705

Author(s):

D. Soria ◽

L.D.S.P.D. Magalhães ◽

F.A.M.D. Souza ◽

E.J. Domingos ◽

C.C. Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Religious Orientation ◽

Roman Catholic ◽

Early Years ◽

Nursing School ◽

First Year ◽

Street Drugs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Year Students ◽

Exact Test ◽

Competing Interest

AimsTo describe the use and abuse of alcohol, cigarettes and street drugs in nursing degree students of Alfredo Pinto nursing school at federal university of state of Rio de Janeiro.Methodscross-sectional and descriptive data of first and final year students enrolled in a nursing degree course. One hundred and seventeen students took part in a questionnaire, providing sociodemographic information and completed the alcohol smoking and substance screening test (ASSIST). A double variant and chi-squared analysis and Fisher's exact test was performed.ResultsOne hundred and seventeen students participated. Of the first year students 82% (n = 73) were woman; 61% (n = 54); 18–20 years old; 43% (n = 38) were white and 40% (n = 36) had parents that identified as Roman-Catholic. The students in their last year: 89% (n = 25) woman; 54% (n = 15) aged between 21–23 years old; 70% (n = 20) are white and 71% (n = 20) have roman-catholic parents. That is a high prevalence of alcohol use: 84% (n = 75) in the first year and 78% in the last year had used alcohol. 24% (n = 21) had smoked during their first year and 18% (n = 5) during the last year. It was found that the consumption of street drugs during early years of university is correlated to the age (P = 0.033) and the religious orientation by parents (P = 0.047).ConclusionUniversities responsibility towards their students, and students involvement with their learning process are factors that lead to changes in attitudes, beliefs and knowledge that are so important in maintaining healthy habits and lifestyle in line with what is taught in a nursing degree.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Dietary habits and inadequate control of blood pressure in hypertensive adults assisted by a Brazilian Family Doctor Program

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011001194 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 2176-2184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bárbara da Silva Nalin de Souza ◽

Maria Luiza Garcia Rosa ◽

Jocemir R Lugon ◽

Edna Massae Yokoo ◽

Evandro Tinoco Mesquita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Family Doctor ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Skin Colour ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Indirect Measure

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate dietary habits and other factors associated with inadequate blood pressure (BP) control in hypertensive patients adherent to antihypertensive drug treatment assisted by a Brazilian Family Doctor Program (FDP).DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingFDP units, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.SubjectsWe included data from both male and female participants aged ≥20 years. Participants completed a standardized questionnaire containing questions related to demographics, socio-economic factors, comorbidities and lifestyle, as well as a validated FFQ and eleven additional qualitative questions to investigate dietary habits. Food items were divided into sixteen groups. Medical consultations were performed, BP measurements were taken, blood and urine samples were assessed and anthropometric and nutritional status was evaluated.ResultsIndividuals with inadequate BP control presented higher BMI values (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1·027, 95 % CI 1·009, 1·045) and also consumed more meat (PR = 1·091, 95 % CI 1·022, 1·165), which are potentially modifiable variables. Higher levels of serum creatinine (PR = 1·894, 95 % CI 1·241, 2·892) were also associated with inadequate BP control, as were skin colour (white). After inclusion of the Na excretion index, which is an indirect measure of salt intake, a slight decrease was observed in the PR for meat, which resulted in loss of statistical significance.ConclusionsThe results indicate that salt consumption, skin colour, BMI and serum creatinine are associated with inadequate BP control.

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