Uji Fitokimia dan Toksisitas Ekstrak Kloroform Kulit Batang Melochia umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf var. Visenia dengan Metode  Bhrine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)

Paliasa plants Melochia umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf var. Visenia is classified into species M.umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf which was potent to heal various of illness. The aim of this research to know secondary metabolites and its toxicity from extract chloroform stem bark of M. umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf var. Visenia. The step in this research were: maceration to obtain extract chloroform, phitotochemical assay to identify the group of secondary metabolites, and toxicity assay by using Bhrine Shrimp Lethality Test method. It was obtained 46 g of green concentrated exctract of chloroform. The result of phytochemical assay show that the extract contain steroid and alkaloid groups. The crude extract chloroform is toxic against Artemia salina with LC50 value is 53,57 µg/ml.

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Assessment of biological activity of brazilian medicinal plants against Artemia Salina Leach

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/reuol.1043-9539-1-le.0404201008 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1639

Author(s):

Rinalda Araújo Guerra de Oliveira ◽

Marcus Antônio de Brito Folly ◽

Aline Lira Xavier ◽

Margareth De Fátima Formiga Melo Diniz ◽

Edeltrudes De Oliveira Lima

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Test Method ◽

Artificial Light ◽

Lc50 Value ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Ipomoea Asarifolia ◽

Brazilian Medicinal Plants

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the biological activity of extracts of Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia and Ipomoea asarifolia isolated and associated with the Brine Shrimp test. Method: solutions of different concentrations of the extracts was prepared and metanauplius of Artemia salina were added. Each concentration was tested in triplicate, repeated in two experiments. The set was left in incubation under artificial light for 24 hours and after this time the counting of the number of live larvae and dead was done. It was determined the LC50 in accordance with the statistical method of Probits. Results: the LC50 value obtained for the extracts of Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia and Ipomoea asarifolia when tested alone was: 543.5 ppm, 400.9 ppm and 916.3 ppm, respectively. For the association of Pithecellobium cochliocarpum and Ipomoea asarifolia, Pithecellobium cochliocarpum and Momordica charantia, and Momordica charantia and Ipomoea asarifolia, the LC50 found was respectively: 641.0 ppm, 502.2 ppm and 706.4 ppm. The association of the three extracts showed an LC50 of 990.8 ppm. Conclusion: all extracts showed biological activity against Artemia salina and their associations can lead to interactions among its constituents. More detailed pharmacological studies should be conducted. Descriptors: Artemia; Plants medicinal; toxicity; associations.RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a atividade biológica dos extratos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia e Ipomoea asarifolia isolados e associados através do bioensaio com Artemia salina. Método: prepararam-se soluções de diferentes concentrações dos extratos e a elas foram adicionados metanáuplios de Artemia salina. Cada concentração foi testada em triplicata, repetida em dois experimentos. Deixou-se o conjunto em incubação sob luz artificial por 24 h e após esse período realizou-se a contagem do número de larvas vivas e mortas. Determinou-se a CL50 de acordo com o método estatístico de Probitos. Resultados: o valor da CL50 obtido para os extratos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia e Ipomoea asarifolia quando testados isoladamente foi de: 543,5 ppm, 400,9 ppm e 916,3 ppm, respectivamente. Para a associação de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum e Momordica charantia, Pithecellobium cochliocarpum e Ipomoea asarifolia, e Momordica charantia e Ipomoea asarifolia, a CL50 encontrada foi, respectivamente: 641,0 ppm, 502,2 ppm e 706,4 pppm. Já a associação dos três extratos apresentou uma CL50 de 990,8 ppm. Conclusão: Todos os extratos apresentaram atividade biológica frente Artemia salina. E suas associações podem levar à interações entre seus constituintes. Estudos farmacológicos mais aprofundados devem ser realizados. Descritores: Artemia; plantas medicinais; toxicidade; associações.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar la actividad biológica de extractos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia y Ipomoea asarifolia aislada y asociada con el bioensayo con Artemia salina. Método: de las soluciones preparadas de diferentes concentraciones de los extractos y se agregaron metanauplius de Artemia salina. Cada concentración se analizó por triplicado, repetida en dos experimentos. Salió de la serie en la incubación bajo luz artificial durante 24 horas después de ese momento en poder contar el número de larvas vivas y muertas. Se determinó la CL50 de conformidad con el método estadístico de Probits. Resultados: el valor de la CL50 obtenidos para los extractos de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum, Momordica charantia y Ipomoea asarifolia durante la prueba era el único: 543,5 ppm, 400,9 ppm y 916,3 ppm, respectivamente. Para la asociación de Pithecellobium cochliocarpum y Momordica charantia, Pithecellobium cochliocarpum y Ipomoea asarifolia, y Momordica charantia y Ipomoea asarifolia, la CL50 fue encontrado, respectivamente: 641,0 ppm, 502,2 ppm y 706,4 PPPM. La asociación de los tres extractos mostraron un CL50 de 990,8 ppm. Conclusión: Todos los extractos mostraron actividad biológica contra Artemia salina. Y sus asociaciones pueden dar lugar a interacciones entre sus componentes. Estudios más detallados farmacológico debe llevarse a cabo. Descriptores: Artemia; plantas medicinales; toxicidad; associaciones.

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UJI TOKSISITAS DAN SKRINING FITOKIMIA TEPUNG GABAH PELEPAH AREN (Arenga pinnata)

JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS ◽

10.35799/jis.12.2.2012.716 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 127

Author(s):

Meiske S Sangi ◽

Lidya I Momuat ◽

Maureen Kumaunang

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Research Method ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Detection Time ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Skin Burn ◽

Lc50 Value ◽

North Sulawesi

UJI TOKSISITAS DAN SKRINING FITOKIMIA TEPUNG GABAHPELEPAH AREN (Arenga pinnata)ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian uji toksisitas dan skrining fitokimia tepung pelepah aren. Tepung pelepah aren secara tradisional digunakan oleh masyarakat Tomohon sebagai obat untuk menghilangkan gatal-gatal dan luka bakar pada kulit, namun pemanfaatan ini belum dikenal secara luas di Sulawesi Utara. Pemanfaatan tepung pelepah aren sebagai obat tradisional ini belum banyak dilaporkan dalam literatur bahkan belum ada yang meneliti tentang sifat toksik dan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada tepung pelepah aren. Tujuan penelitian dalam pengujian toksisitas adalah untuk mengetahui apakah tepung pelepah aren bersifat toksik atau tidak selanjutnya menentukan nilai LC50-nya untuk mengetahui jumlah konsentrasi penyebab ketoksikan tepung pelepah aren. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengujian toksisitas adalah dengan menggunakan larva udang jenis Artemia salina Leach. Dalam metode ini A. salina Leachdipakai sebagai bioindikator. Metode ini mudah dikerjakan, murah, waktu deteksi singkat dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari ekstrak etanol tepung pelepah aren bersifat toksik dengan nilai LC50-nya adalah 6,295 ppm dan hasil pengujian fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa tepung pelepah aren mengandungsenyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid yang ditunjukkan dengan pembentukan endapan jingga ketika direaksikan dengan pereaksi dragendorf, triterpenoid yang ditunjukkan dengan perubahan warna jingga pada sampel dan tanin yang ditunjukkan dengan pembentukan endapan putih ketika direaksikan Gelatin.Kata kunci: pelepah aren, skrining fitokimia dan uji toksisitasTOXICITY TEST AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING ONPALM SUGAR LEAF MIDRIB FLOUR (Arenga pinnata)ABSTRACTA study of toxicity test and phytochemical screening on sugar palm midrib flour had been conducted. The flour is traditionally used as medicine to relieve itching and skin burn, although the use is not widely known in North Sulawesi. Utilization of this flour as a traditional medicine had not been widely reported in the literatures and the toxicity and content of secondary metabolites contained in the sugar palm midrib had not been studied. The purpose of this research was to determine the toxicity of the flour and the value of LC50 in order to find the concentration that causes its toxicity. The research method involved the use of Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae as a bioindicator. This method was easy to perform, inexpensive, had short detection time, and reliable. The results showed that the ethanol extracted flour was toxic and had LC50 value of 6,295 ppm. The phytochemical screening showed that the flour contained secondary metabolite of alkaloid which was indicated by orange precipitation by using reagent Dragendorf, of triterpenoid which was indicated by orange discoloration, and of tannin which was indicated by white precipitate by using gelatin.Keywords: sugar palm midrib, phytochemical screening and toxicity test

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ANALISIS FITOKIMIA DAN PENENTUAN NILAI LC50 EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN LIWAS

JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS ◽

10.35799/jis.14.2.2014.6070 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Gerry Sumihe ◽

Max R. J. Runtuwene ◽

Johnly A. Rorong

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Test Results ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Lc50 Value

ABSTRAK Penentuan nilai LC50 dari ekstrak metanol daun liwas menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) terhadap hewan indikator udang Artemia salina menunjukkan nilai LC50 dari A. salina bersifat sangat toksik.Nilai LC50 yang didapatkan sebesar 15,696 mg/L. Nilai LC50 ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode SPSS 20.0.Ekstrak metanol daun liwas mengandung kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, tanin dan saponin sebagai hasil uji fitokimia. Kata kunci: BSLT, Daun Liwas, Metabolit Sekunder,LC50. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND DETERMINING LC50 VALUE OF LIWAS LEAVE METHANOL EXTRACT ABSTRACT Determination of LC50 of methanol extract of leaves liwas using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) against animal indicator shrimp Artemia salina showed LC50 values of A. salina is highly toxic. LC50 values were obtained at 15.696 mg / L. LC50 values determined using SPSS 20.0. Liwas leaf methanol extract contains compounds secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins and saponins as phytochemical test results. Keywords: BSLT, Leaves Liwas, Secondary Metabolites, LC50.

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ANALISIS KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DARI UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN SOYOGIK (Sauraula bracteosa DC) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MASERASI

JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS ◽

10.35799/jis.13.2.2013.3052 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 98 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Morein A Maukar ◽

Max R.J. Runtuwene ◽

Julius Pontoh

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Test Method ◽

Tannin Content ◽

Toxicity Assay ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Antioxidants Activity

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DARI UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN SOYOGIK (Sauraula bracteosa DC) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MASERASI ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui LC50 ekstrak metanol tanaman soyogik yang diekstraksi secara maserasi dan menganalisis kandungan fenolik. Analisis kandungan fitokimia meliputi uji fenolik, uji flavonoid dan uji tanin . Uji toksisitas menggunakan metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) dengan menggunakan larva Artemia Salina Leach. Hasil yang diperoleh dan dianalisis dengan analisis probit menggunakan S.PSS 20.0 untuk mengetahui nilai (LC50). Nilai LC50 yang diperoleh berdasarkan uji toksisitas daun soyogik yaitu sebesar 37,30 ppm. Kandungan fenolik, flavonoid dan tanin berturut-turut adalah 43,06, 6,52 dan 17,91. Kata Kunci : Daun soyogik, Fitokimia, Toksisitas, Artemia salin FITOCHEMISTRY CONTENT ANALYSIS OF TOXICITY TEST OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF SOYOGIK LEAVE (Sauraula bracteosa DC) USING MASERATION METHOD ABSTRACT The aims of this research are to measure the Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) in toxicity activity methanol extracts from soyogik plants that were extracted by maceration and to analyzing its phenolic content. Phytochemical screening include phenolic, flavonoid and tannin test. Toxicity assay using BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method using Artemia Salina Leach. Results were analyzed by probit analysis using SPSS 20.0 for Windows to know the value of (LC50). Screening phytochemicals shows that there is antioxidants activity of Soyogik leaves. The LC50 values were obtained by testing the toxicity of Soyogik leaves is equal to 37.301 ppm. The phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content were 43,06, 6,52 and 17,91, respectively. Keywords : Soyogik leaves, Phytochemical, Toxicity, Artemia salina.

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Skrining Senyawa Kimia dan Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol Teripang Kridou Bintik (Bohadschia argus Jeager) Asal Pantai Harlem Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua

JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA ◽

10.31957/jbp.633 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 12-17

Author(s):

Apianus Kilungga ◽

Linus Y. Chrystomo ◽

Puguh Sujarta

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Key Words ◽

Chemical Compound ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Chemical Reagents ◽

Lc50 Value

The Bohadschia argus Jeager contains bioactive compounds that have the potential as antibiotics, antibacterial, antitumor, anticoagulants and anesthetics and alleviate cancer. This study aims to determine the content of chemical compounds group and to test the cytotoxic activity of ethanol extract of Bohadschia argus Jeager. The method for determining the group of chemical compounds was used the color reaction and precipitation using chemical reagents. The method for testing cytotoxic activity using the Brine Shimp Lethality Test (BSLT), this method commonly was used to test the safety of the use of natural ingredients as traditional medicine. The results of screening of the chemical compound group of Bohadschia argus Jeager extract showed that the extract contained a lot of alkaloids secondary metabolites and few saponins. The results of testing of cytotoxic activity showed LC50 value of 878.22 ppm. Base on the results of this study it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Bohadschia argus Jeager has significant cytotoxic activity against Artemia salina Leach, so it can be considered as a chemotherapeutic agent. Key words: Screening, chemical compounds, ethanol extract, B. argus, BSLT.

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TOKSISITAS AKUT KOMBUCHA DAUN TIN (Ficus carica) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT)

Jurnal Farmasi Medica/Pharmacy Medical Journal (PMJ) ◽

10.35799/pmj.3.1.2020.28958 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Uswatun Uswatun ◽

Ernanin Dyah Wijayanti

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Ficus Carica ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Lc50 Value

ABSTRACTFig leaves (Ficus carica) contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids,saponins and triterpenoids, which potentially toxic in a certain amount. Fermentation of figleaves using kombucha produce healthy drink with various bioactivities. The aim of this researchwas to observe acute toxicity of fig leaves kombucha using Brine Shrimp LethalityTest (BSLT) method. Toxixity test againts Artemia salina Leach larvae using 7 variations infig leaves kombucha concentration from 100 ppm to 30000 ppm. The results showed that figleaves kombucha LC50 value of 139,99 ppm, so that fig leaves kombucha is potentially toxic.Key words: acute toxicity, BSLT, fermentation, fig leavesABSTRAKDaun tin (Ficus carica) mengandung metabolit sekunder antara lain flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid,saponin dan triterpenoid yang berpotensi toksik dalam jumlah tertentu. Fermentasi dauntin oleh kultur kombucha menghasilkan minuman kesehatan dengan berbagai bioaktivitas.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas akut kombucha daun tin menggunakanmetode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Pengujian toksisitas terhadap larva Artemia salinaLeach menggunakan 7 variasi konsentrasi kombucha daun tin antara 100 ppm sampai30000 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai LC50 kombucha daun tin sebesar 139,99ppm, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa kombucha daun tin berpotensi toksik.Kata kunci: BSLT, daun tin, fermentasi, toksisitas akut

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Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites, Antibacterial, Antiplasmodial and Acute Toxicity Potentials of Chloroform Crude Extract of Boswellia dalzielii Stem Bark

Pharmacognosy Journal ◽

10.5530/pj.2021.13.50 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 393-400

Author(s):

Bunu M I Bunu ◽

Ikhile M I Ikhile ◽

Matheri A N Matheri ◽

Charlotte M T Charlotte ◽

Fotsing M C D Fotsing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Stem Bark

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Antioxidant Assay with Scavenging DPPH Radical of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq Stem bark extracts and Chemical compositions and Toxicity Evaluation for the Most Active Fraction

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00497 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2819-2823

Author(s):

Erwin Erwin ◽

Djihan Ryn Pratiwi ◽

Iwan Saputra ◽

Alimuddin Alimuddin

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Test Results ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Active Fraction

The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of crude extract and their fractions, the content of secondary metabolite types of crude extract, and the chemical content and toxicity of the most active fractions as antioxidants from the stem bark of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. (Mentawa). The methods used are phytochemical screening, toxicity tests against Artemia salina by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), antioxidant activity assay with DPPH radical reduction method, and determination of chemical compound by GC-MS analysis. Phytochemical test results showed that crude extract containing alkaloids, triterpenoids, phenolics and flavonoids. The results of the antioxidant activity of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions obtained IC50 values of 127.69, 28.65 and 79.43ppm, respectively. Ethyl acetate (as the most active fraction) was then fractionated using a vacuum chromatography column and the fractions obtained were E1 (268.8mg), E2 (337.1), E3 (234.3mg) and E4 (431.2mg). The antioxidant activity test showed that E2 was the most active compared to other fractions with an IC50 value of 37.24ppm. While the toxicity test results showed that E2 was very active with an LC50 value of 6.23ppm indicating that E2 was also potentially developed as an anticancer drug. Based on GC-MS spectrum analysis, of the several main compounds, four of which are aromatic compounds that have the potential to be developed as antioxidants, namely 2- (Benzyloxy) phenol (phenolic compound) (3.96%) (51),), 1, 2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dinonyl ester (2.44%) (52), Linderazulene (2.43%) (30), p-Nonylphenol (2.36%). Some other aromatic minor compounds can also be active as antioxidants.

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Phytochemical screening for identification of bioactive compounds of Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) responsible for larvicidal action against Aedes triseriatus Say, 1823 (Diptera : Culicidae)

ENTOMON ◽

10.33307/entomon.v44i2.438 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 117-126

Author(s):

Rhitayu Chakraborti ◽

Probir Kumar Bandyopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Lantana Camara ◽

Mosquito Larvae ◽

Aedes Triseriatus ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Lc50 Value

Study to assess the larvicidal property of Lantana camara leaves against Aedes triseriatus larvae found that the ethyl acetate extract had profound larvicidal action with the crude extract having a LC50 value of 409.831ppm. GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extract confirmed the presence of twenty-one compounds out of which beta-caryophyllene covered the highest percentage of the chromatogram area. Further tests with beta-caryophyllene against the mosquito larvae proved it to be the active ingredient of L. Camara with a LC50 value of 104.243ppm.

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