scholarly journals СУЧАСНИЙ ГРАФІЧНИЙ ДИЗАЙН: СПЕЦИФІКА ІНТЕГРАЛЬНОЇ ПРИРОДИ ТВОРЧОСТІ

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Є. П. Гула
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methods Analytical

Purpose.  To  study  the  features  and peculiarities of defining the main definitions of the concept of graphic design, to define the scope of application of various types of graphic art as a design object. Methodology.  General  scientific  research methods,  analytical,  typological,  semantic and  comparative  analysis  –  for  the terminological  definition  of  the  conceptual apparatus  of  graphic  design  and  the definition  of  its  theoretical  and  art applications. Results.  Based  on  the analysis  of  scientific sources  on  modern  foreign  and  Ukrainian graphic  design,  generalized  aspects  of interpretation  of  the  concept  of  graphic design,  evaluated  its  historical  origins  in Ukraine.  The  issue  of  differentiation  of graphic  design  and  many  areas  of  graphic design as a type of artistic activity has been updated. The  scientific  novelty  consists  in identifying  trends  in  the  transition  of  the terminological  apparatus  of  industrial design  to  the  sphere  of  graphic  design.  It has  been  established  that  the  synthetic creative  nature  of  graphic  design  provides for  creative  activity  on  the  use  of  modern means  of  information  transfer  in combination  with  the  traditions  of  graphic art of Ukraine. Practical  significance.  Modern  scientific definitions  of  graphic  design  have  been summarised.  It  has  been  determined  that the  synthetic  creative  nature  of  graphic design provides for creative activity on the use  of  modern  means  of  infrmation transmission  in  combination  with  the traditions  of  graphic  art  of  Ukraine.  The results  can  be  used  in  teaching  graphic design,  project  graphics  and  other  graphic disciplines.

scholarly journals УНІВЕРСАЛЬНІСТЬ ОРНАМЕНТАЛЬНО-ГРАФІЧНОЇ МОВИ СУЧАСНОЇ ВИТИНАНКИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Ю. О. Стульнікова
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Graphical Language ◽  
Art Works ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of

To trace and ascertain the versatility of ornamental graphical language as one of the main peculiarities of contemporary paper-cutting (vytynanka). To identify the features and characteristics of the ornamental graphical language, to form a definition for the notion of paper-cutting art. Methodology. In the process of research, the author used such general scientific methods as: analysis, synthesis, systematization. The comparative method and the method of visual stylistic analysis were also applied. Results. The author has compared and analyzed the replicas of original art works; the former are reproduced in varying materials. The notion of ornamental graphical language of contemporary paper-cutting (vytynanka) has been researched, its general features and characteristics have been defined, and the definition has been formed. Based on the research result, it is suggested to introduce a range of changes to the notion of "vytynanka" regarding the characteristics of materials and techniques used. The main directions of paper-cutting art have been out lined: traditional and contemporary vytynanka. Attention has been paid to the importance of making a distinction between the contemporary vytynanka and graphic art, which is possible only through the analysis of their ornamental graphical anguage. Scientific novelty. The definition of "paper-cutting (vytynanka)", dentification of its main characteristics as the basis for a new classification, the reference of paper graphics (machine paper-cutting) into a separate group. Practical significance. Ornamental graphical language is presented in the study as one of the main characteristics of vytynanka, which should become the basis for a new classification of paper-cutting art works. The research results can be used for further artistic search of signature style at the boundary of different art forms. Exhibiting a certain group of professional paper-cutting art works as examples of graphic art has been justified.

scholarly journals TENDENCIES AND ART TECHNIQUES IN CONTEMPORARY COMIC BOOK GRAPHIC DESIGN

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
O. V. Kolisnyk ◽  
L. V. Ocheretna ◽  
M. I. Yakovlev ◽  
O. V. Kolosnichenko ◽  
K. L. Pashkevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Compositional System

Purpose.  Exploring  of  the  distinctive  features  of  modern  comics,  their  artistic  and  compositional solutions, types, main trends in American, European and Asian culture. Definition of the original formation of modern Ukrainian comics. Methodology.  The  basis  of  the  research  methodology  includes  integrated  use  of  historical  and comparative methods, system analysis, synthesis, generalization.  Results. Basing on the analysis of modern comic book content, the history of comics and its perception by the audience as a modern media text are revealed, characteristics of individual elements in comics are systematized.  The  specifics  of  the  artistic  and  compositional  system  of  modern  comics,  the  nature  of figurative  and  stylistic  techniques,  graphic  features  of  American,  European,  Asian,  Ukrainian  comics  are determined. Patterns which are inherent in comics as visual narratives of different socio-cultural parts of the world, as well as aspects that shape modern Ukrainian comics, are considered.  Scientific novelty. Characteristics of comics as an object of graphic design are determined: features of artistic and compositional design solutions in different regions of the world are systematized; leading trends in the development of specific types of comics in the United States, Europe, Asia and Ukraine are revealed.  Practical significance. Based on art analysis of comic book types and by identifying trends in their development within modern art the specifics of the further development of comics are determined and ideas for future creative projects are presented, features that have both artistic and commercial value are indicated.

scholarly journals Key trends and imperatives for development of the agrarian sector of the world economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Olga Shulga
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Social Standards ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the work is to uncover the key trends and imperatives for the development of the agrarian sector of the modern economy. The methodological basis of the work is the application of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. The method of combining analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction was applied in identifying and revealing key trends in the development of the agricultural sector of the economy. The generalization method was used in formulating the definition of the term "agrarian sector development imperatives", logical and empirical methods - in defining the agrarian sector development imperatives and their contradictions. The main results of the work: the key tendencies and imperatives of development of the agrarian sector of the modern economy are revealed; the concept of "imperatives of development of the agrarian sector of economy" is given. The practical significance of the obtained results is to deepen understanding of the nature and causes of contradictions in the agricultural sector of the economy. The recommendations proposed in this paper can form a methodological and theoretical basis for the development of the state's economic policy to resolve economic and social contradictions of the agricultural sector in order to achieve high efficiency of the economic system as a whole. Conclusions. One of the components of the description of actions of the subjects of agrarian relations is the imperatives of development of the agrarian sector, which can be defined as objectively determined directions of development, which determine not only its further trajectory, but also fundamental problems and contradictions. The following key imperatives can be distinguished: economic (ensuring high competitiveness of the agricultural sector), social (ensuring social standards), technological (intensive technologies of agricultural production, application of nano-, bio-, digital technologies), environmental (guaranteeing the safety of food and environment ), political (global instability and turbulence), historical (geographical location and mentality), cultural and religious (agricultural traditions, custom) and the religious specificity of food demand), which are shaped and exerted at the national, regional and global levels.

scholarly journals Institute of audit: essence and its components

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 313 (11) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Valerii Zhuk ◽  
Kateryna Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Audit System ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Economic Institution

The purpose of the article is to form the substantive essence of the concept of "audit institution" through the assessment of its compliance with the key parameters of socio-economic institutions and to develop a classification and hierarchy of its components. Research methods. General scientific techniques have been applied, including: the method of bibliographic research (to determine theoretical and methodological approaches to the disclosure and formation of the essence of the concept of “audit institution”); methods of analysis and assessment (to determine the compliance of the audit with the parameters of a socio-economic institution); modeling methods (to determine the internal structure of the audit institution, the classification and hierarchy of its components); generalization methods (to formalize the transformation of audit into an institution). Research results. The audit system was assessed for its compliance with the key parameters of the socio-economic institution. It was found that out of nine such parameters, the audit system meets five, and for four more audits as a socio-economic institution is formed. The internal components of the audit institution as a single ideological system are considered and highlighted. The classification and hierarchy of the constituent auditing institute have been developed. The expediency of using theoretical and methodological knowledge about the features, classification, hierarchy of construction in the development of programs and strategies for the development of audit has been substantiated. The structural model of the audit institution has been built and the mechanisms of its evolution have been disclosed. The definition of the category "socio-economic institution of audit" is given and its subject-functional essence is revealed. Scientific novelty. The theoretical concepts of the audit system were further developed by identifying its external correspondence with the characteristics of a socio-economic institution and the presence of an internal institutional structure with a classification and hierarchy of components characteristic of institutions. Thus, the foundations of the institutional paradigm and audit theory are formed. Practical significance. The practical significance lies in taking into account significant changes in the scientific and public perception of audit as an important socio-economic institution. Formed scientific support for the complex formation of the content of legislation, programs and strategies for the development of audit activities. The fundamental foundations of professional and public associations of auditors, the work of regulatory, educational and scientific audit institutions have been laid. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 4. Refs.: 20.

scholarly journals Judicial protection of pension rights: problems of theory and practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-179
Author(s):  
Marina G. Sedelnikova ◽  
Alexandra A. Puzyreva
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Judicial Procedures ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Judicial Protection

The subject. The article is devoted to analysis of pension disputes resolution in courts.The purpose of the article is to reveal trends of pension disputes resolution and identify the ways of increasing the efficiency of judicial protection of citizens’ pension rights.The methodology. Both general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description) and special scientific methods (formal-legal methods method of legal interpretation) were used.Results, scope of application. Pension legislation still does not contain a legal definition of the term “pension dispute” despite currently the prevalence of this category of cases; the legal science still has not developed a uniform approach to definition of the essence of the pension dispute.Special attention is paid to the issues of definition of the facts in proof, that is complicated because of instability of the pension legislation and a large amount of normative array. Special rules relating to the admissibility of evidence are divided from legally significant circumstances. The attention is focused on the most problematic points that arise in the process of proving: the procedure for confirmation of experience, employment in certain types of work quotas.Recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of judicial protection of the pension rights of citizens are formulated on the basis on the analysis of the identified problems that arise during consideration of pension disputes by law enforcement authorities. Recommendations include the need to improve the quality of normative legal acts, systematization of the pension legislation, increasing demands for training of judges, the creation of conditions conducive to the judges’ specialization. The necessity of increase activities of the Supreme Court in the process of issuing clarifications on issues arising in the application of the pension legislation is also considered.Conclusions. The existence of a number of features of the substantive and procedural legal order in pension legislation is proved. Such features include the retrospective of the pension legislation, the resolution of pension disputes in both administrative and judicial procedures, the inability to use the mediation procedures and settlement agreement, the specifics of the subject of the relevant dispute, a large number of exemptions from payment of state fees, and special requirements for the content of the operative part of the judgment.

scholarly journals Cyber crimes against property in foreign and Russian criminal law

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ilyich Tyunin ◽  
Anton Gennadievich Antonov ◽  
Tatyana Andreevna Ogar ◽  
Maria Vitalievna Shkele ◽  
Elena Andreevna Zorina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Cyber Crimes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The prerequisite for the study was a significant increase during a pandemic in the number of cyber crimes against property, caused by forced isolation, a reduction in the use of cash and an expansion of the scope of computer technology when concluding civil transactions. Purpose of the study: to identify trends in the criminalization of cyber crimes against property in foreign and Russian criminal law. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: general scientific – analysis, synthesis, generalization, special scientific – statistical, formal logical, comparative legal, content analysis, the method of expert assessments. The results of the work were the classification of cyber crimes against property, the novelty is the definition of the most common type of these crimes – fraud, the identification of the growth of its individual forms during a pandemic. The issues related to the observed expansion of the scope of application of the liability for fraud, both in international law and in the national legislation of individual states, which are no longer limited to such traditional methods of committing it as deception and breach of trust. Cyber crimes in the Russian criminal legislation are investigated in their relation to crimes against property, recommendations are given for further optimization of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. In Russia, as in the rest of the world, during the period of the pandemic, an increase was recorded in crimes against property committed remotely, in relation to non-cash funds, using bank cards. When committing such acts, computer information, electronic data and programs are used as a method or means of committing them, which allows them to be classified as cyber crimes. Previously, cyber crimes were considered separately from traditional socially dangerous encroachments, but the massive use of information technology in the commission of certain types of crimes (in particular, crimes against property) requires a new approach to their description in national legislation.

scholarly journals МИСТЕЦТВО КОМІКСУ ТА ГРАФІТІ – СУЧАСНИЙ СВІТОГЛЯД У ГРАФІЧНОМУ ДИЗАЙНІ

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Є. П. Гула
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose – to investigate lines and features of definition of the main defining characteristics of art of the comic book and graffiti in the context of modern outlook in graphic design. Methodology.General scientific methods of a research, analytical, typological, semantic and comparative analysis – are applied to terminological definition of a conceptual framework of graphic design and designation of its theoretical and art criticism application. Results. On the basis of the analysis of scientific sources of the modern foreign and Ukrainian art of the comic book and graffiti generally aspects of interpretations of these welfare concepts, their historical sources in the world and Ukraine are estimated. The perspective of a ratio of art of the comic book and graffiti and world outlook values of modern design is updated. Formation of art both comics, and graffiti and also corresponding design trends is directly connected with the transition to a postmodern (approximately the second half of the 20th century) which is followed by formation of a certain number of social groups and informal movements of artists ("writer"). The scientific novelty consists in consideration of art of the comic book and graffiti as certain welfare community. It is established that both comics, and graffiti were the communication medium and identifications for representatives of these separated groups: comics – for intellectual communities, graffiti – for conditionally "street". Practical significance. The summed-up modern scientific determination of graphic design. Results of a research can be used in practice of teaching graphic design, art of the comic book and other graphic disciplines.

scholarly journals Construction of the Definition of the Category “Legal Support for Food Safety” using the Method of Two-Level Triadic Decryption

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
A. S. Makhmudova
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
System Methodology

In a modern state, in the context of the growing complexity of socio-economic relations caused by globalization, social relations are rapidly developing, which necessitates deep theoretical understanding and new approaches to the formation of a legal structure (model) “legal support for food safety”. The paper proposes the author’s approach to the construction of definitions of the category “legal support for food safety” based on the use of categorical-system methodology. In the process of constructing the definition, the author analyzes the content of the research. The author applies the general scientific universal cognitive tool, i.e. the method of twolevel triadic deciphering, defines the fundamental elements of the phenomenon of legal provision of food safety and determines the interrelationship between them. Based on this analysis, the conclusion was formulated that the category “legal support for food safety” is deciphered, at the first level, as the concept of “legal support” in general terms, which refers to the legal field, and, at the second level, in relation to a specific scope of application as “food safety.”

scholarly journals Methodology as a tool of historical knowledge: relevant about the obvious

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Valentyn Ivanenko ◽  
Hennadii Kryvchyk ◽  
Iryna Nakashydze
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Special Role ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Methods Analytical

The purpose of the article is to actualize and clarify the main principles and methods of scientific research in their relationship and interdependence (on example of historical sciences). Research methods: analytical, historical, comparative and system-structural. Main results. The article illustrates the relationship of principles with general scientific and specific historical methods. Clarifications are made and examples of their use are given. Concise conclusions. Modern literature on methodology of science is presented mostly by the publications of methodical character. Such character of publications did not require consideration of problem aspects of methodology from their authors, in particular question about interdependence of principles and methods of scientific research. In most works such important concept as “research principles” is not examined practically, with what we cannot agree categorically. In our opinion, methods as research instruments and principles as rules of using these instruments exist between subject and object of research. If methods are the researcher’s tools, then the principles of the research are a kind of the ethical and professional code of a scientist. It consists of a number of professional principles which are based on: a) fundamental human ethical norms; b) scientific ethics; c) the special features of a particular science. In its turn, the general scientific principles are applied in various scientific fields, especially in the historical sciences. Among them are the principles of truth supremacy, deideologization, independence, dialectics, specificity, consistency, objectivity, immersion in the historical era (historicism), etс. It is also necessary to note a special role of dialectics in the scientific study, which serves as main principle and at the same time as the general scientific method. As a principle, dialectics is the essence of the world view of a scientist. As a method, dialectics helps the researcher to reveal the essence of phenomena and processes in all contradictions and interrelations of their components. Modern science possesses the wide arsenal of general and special methods. Their choice depends on scientific industry, object, aim and research tasks. A scientist must choose in this arsenal of facilities most effective and rational. If present methods are not enough, he should create the methods and use them accordance with all known methodological principles. The comparative method plays an important role in historical cognition. Firstly, comparison gives the opportunity to realize better the essence of phenomena. Secondly, when comparing a researcher goes beyond a narrow topic, uses additional empirical material and eventually expands his scientific outlook and creative range. The latter is one of the main indicators of the scholar’s scientific qualification. Practical significance. It’s recommended for use by scholars (especially young people) for historical research. Originality. The need to adhere to the main methodological principles in historical studies is substantiated. Scientific novelty. An attempt is made to “rehabilitate” and actualize the concept of “methodological principle”, which includes the ethical standards of a scientist based on universal values formulated in the Bible. Article type: descriptive.

THE IDEA OF «COMMUNITY» IN THE GOVERNMENT CONCEPTS OF GALICIA OF THE XIX – BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Liubomyr Ilyn
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize the views of social and political thinkers of Galicia in the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. on the right and manner of organizing a nation-state as a cathedral. Method. The methodology includes a set of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematic and comprehensive. The problem-chronological approach made it possible to identify the main stages of the evolution of the content of the idea of catholicity in Galicia's legal thought of the 19th century. Results. It is established that the idea of catholicity, which was borrowed from church terminology, during the nineteenth century. acquired clear legal and philosophical features that turned it into an effective principle of achieving state unity and integrity. For the Ukrainian statesmen of the 19th century. the idea of catholicity became fundamental in view of the separation of Ukrainians between the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. The idea of unity of Ukrainians of Galicia and the Dnieper region, formulated for the first time by the members of the Russian Trinity, underwent a long evolution and received theoretical reflection in the work of Bachynsky's «Ukraine irredenta». It is established that catholicity should be understood as a legal principle, according to which decisions are made in dialogue, by consensus, and thus able to satisfy the absolute majority of citizens of the state. For Galician Ukrainians, the principle of unity in the nineteenth century. implemented through the prism of «state» and «international» approaches. Scientific novelty. The main stages of formation and development of the idea of catholicity in the views of social and political figures of Halychyna of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries are highlighted in the work. and highlighting the distinctive features of «national statehood» that they promoted and understood as possible in the process of unification of Ukrainian lands into one state. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.

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